Resistance to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) induced in calves by a recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 expressing the attachment glycoprotein of BRSV.
The ability of a bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) recombinant expressing the G protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) to protect against BRSV infection was examined in calves. A synthetic G gene was inserted behind the gE promoter of BHV- 1 to give a gE-negative, BHV-1/G recombinant. Gnotobiotic calves, vaccinated intranasally and intratracheally with BHV-1/Gwere challenged 6 weeks later with the Snook strain of BRSV. As controls, calves were vaccinated with a gE-negative mutant of BHV-1 which contains a frame-shift (BHV-1/gEfs). Whereas infection with BHV-1/gEfs induced only mild clinical signs, infection with BHV-1/G resulted in more severe clinical disease and higher titres of BHV-1/G were isolated from the lungs when compared with BHV-1/gEfs. Thus, expression of the G protein of BRSV increased the virulence of BHV-1 for calves. Vaccination with BHV-1/G induced BRSV- specific antibody in serum and respiratory secretions. However, only one calf developed low levels of BRSV complement-dependent neutralizing antibody. Although BHV-1/G primed calves for BRSV- specific lymphocyte proliferative responses, there was no evidence for priming of BRSV-specific cytotoxic T cells. After challenge with BRSV, there was a significant reduction in nasopharyngeal excretion of BRSV in BHV-1/G-vaccinated calves compared with controls and BRSV was isolated from the lung of only one of five vaccinated calves compared with all four control animals. In addition, the extent of gross pneumonic lesions 7 days after BRSV challenge was significantly reduced in calves vaccinated with BHV- 1/G compared with controls given BHV-1/gEfs.
CherrieA. H.,
AndersonK.,
WertzG. W.,
OpenshawP. J. M.1992; Human cytotoxic T cells stimulated by antigen on dendritic cells recognize the N, SH, F, M, 22K and 1b proteins of respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of Virology 66:2101–2110
ConnorsM.,
KulkarniA. B.,
CollinsP. L.,
FirestoneC.-Y.,
HolmesK. L.,
MorseH. C.,
MurphyB. R.1992; Resistance to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) challenge induced by infection with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the RSV M2 protein (Vac-M2) is mediated by CD8+ T cells, while that induced by Vac-F or Vac-G recombinants is mediated by antibodies. Journal of Virology 66:1277–1281
DaviesC. J.,
JoostenI.,
BernocoD.,
ArriensM. A.,
BesterJ.,
CeriottiG.,
EllisS.,
HensenE. J.
others 1994; Polymorphism of bovine MHC class I genes. Joint Report of the Fifth International Bovine Lymphocyte Antigen (BOLA) Workshop. European Journal of Immunogenetics 21:239–258
FurzeJ. M.,
RobertsS. R.,
WertzG. W.,
TaylorG.1997; Antigenically distinct G glycoproteins of BRSV strains share a high degree of genetic homogeneity. Virology 231:48–58
HoareM. N.,
DaviesD. C.,
DennisM. J.1976; The derivation of gnotobiotic calves by hysterotomy and slaughter technique. British Veterinary Journal 132:369–373
HussellT.,
BaldwinC. J.,
O’GarraA.,
OpenshawP. J. M.1997; CD8+ T cells control Th2-driven pathology during pulmonary respiratory syncytial virus infection. European Journal of Immunology 27:3341–3349
KaashoekM. J.,
MoermanA.,
MadicJ.,
RijsewijkF. A. M.,
QuakJ.,
GielkensA. L. J.,
van OirschotJ. T.1994; A conventionally- attenuated glycoprotein E-negative strain of bovine herpesvirus type 1 is an efficacious and safe vaccine. Vaccine 12:439–444
KennedyH. E.,
JonesB. V.,
TuckerE. M.,
FordN. J.,
ClarkeS. W.,
FurzeJ.,
ThomasL. H.,
StottE. J.1992; Production and characterization of bovine monoclonal antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of General Virology 69:3023–3032
KrampsJ. A.,
MagdalenaJ.,
QuakJ.,
WoerdmeesterK.,
KaashoekM. J.,
Maris-VeldhuisM. A.,
RijsewijkF. A. M.,
KeilG.,
van OirschotJ. T.1994; A simple, specific and highly sensitive blocking enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 32:2175–2181
KuhnleG.,
HeinzeA.,
SchmittJ.,
GiesowK.,
TaylorG.,
MorrisonI.,
RijsewijkF. A. M.,
van OirschotJ. T.,
KeilG. M.1998; The class II membrane glycoprotein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, expressed from a synthetic open reading frame, is incorporated into virions of recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1. Journal of Virology 72:3804–3811
LangedijkJ. P. M.,
MiddelW. G. J.,
SchaaperW. M. M.,
MeloenR. H.,
KrampsJ. A.,
BrandenburgA. H.,
van OirschotJ. T.1996; Type-specific serologic diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection based on a synthetic peptide of the attachment protein G. Journal of Immunological Methods 193:157–166
LerchR. A.,
AndersonK.,
WertzG. W.1990; Nucleotide sequence analysis and expression from recombinant vectors demonstrate that the attachment protein G of bovine respiratory syncytial virus is distinct from that of human respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of Virology 64:5559–5569
LerchR. A.,
AndersonK.,
AmannV. L.,
WertzG. W.1991; Nucleotide sequence analysis of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein mRNA and expression from a recombinant vaccinia virus. Virology 181:118–131
McInnesE.,
CollinsR. A.,
TaylorG.1998; Cytokine expression in pulmonary and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from calves infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. Research in Veterinary Science in press
OlmstedR. A.,
BullerR. M. L.,
MurphyB. R.,
BeelerJ. A.,
CollinsP. L.1988; Evaluation in nonhuman primates of the safety, immuno- genicity, and efficacy of recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the F or G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus. Vaccine 6:205–210
OlmstedR. A.,
ElangoN.,
PrinceG. A.,
MurphyB. R.,
JohnsonP. R.,
MossB.,
ChanockR. M.,
CollinsP. L.1986; Expression of the glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus by a recombinant vaccinia virus: comparison of the individual contributions of the F and G glycoproteins to host immunity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 83:7462–7466
OpenshawP. J. M.,
ClarkeS. L.,
RecordF. M.1992; Pulmonary eosinophilic response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice sensitized to the major surface glycoprotein G. International Immunology 4:493–500
SrikiatkhachornA.,
BracialeT. J.1997; Virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes downregulate T helper cell type 2 cytokine secretion and pulmonary eosinophilia during experimental murine respiratory syncytial virus infection. Journal of Experimental Medicine 186:421–432
StottE. J.,
ThomasL. H.,
CollinsA. P.,
CrouchS.,
JebbettJ.,
SmithG. S.,
LutherP. D.,
CaswellR.1980; A survey of virus infections of the respiratory tract of cattle and their association with disease. Journal of Hygiene 85:257–270
StottE. J.,
ThomasL. H.,
TaylorG.,
CollinsA. P.,
JebbettJ.,
CrouchS.1984; A comparison of three vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus in calves. Journal of Hygiene, Cambridge 93:251–261
StottE. J.,
TaylorG.,
BallL. A.,
AndersonK.,
YoungK. K. Y.,
KingA. M. Q.,
WertzG. W.1987; Immune and histological responses in animals vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses that express individual genes of human respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of Virology 61:3855–3861
TaylorG.,
StottE. J.,
ThomasL. H.1987; Lymphocyte transformation response of calves to respiratory syncytial virus. Journal of Medical Virology 22:333–344
TaylorG.,
StottE. J.,
WertzG.,
BallA.1991; Comparison of the virulence ofwild-type thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient and tk+ phenotypes of vaccinia virus recombinants after intranasal inoculation of mice. Journal of General Virology 72:125–130
TaylorG.,
ThomasL. H.,
WyldS. G.,
FurzeJ.,
SoppP.,
HowardC. J.1995; Role of T-lymphocyte subsets in recovery from respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves. Journal of Virology 69:6658–6664
TaylorG.,
ThomasL. H.,
FurzeJ. M.,
CookR. S.,
WyldS. G.,
LerchR.,
HardyR.,
WertzG. W.1997; Recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the F, G and N, but not the M2, protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) induce resistance to BRSV challenge in the calf and protect against the development of pneumonic lesions. Journal of General Virology 78:3195–3206
ThomasL. H.,
GourlayR. N.,
StottE. J.,
HowardC. J.,
BridgerJ. C.1982; A search for new microorganisms in calf pneumonia by the inoculation of gnotobiotic calves. Research in Veterinary Science 33:170–182
Van EngelenburgF. A. C.,
KaashoekM. J.,
RijsewijkF. A. M.,
van den BurgL.,
MoermanA.,
GielkensA. L. J.,
van OirschotJ. T.1994; A glycoprotein E deletion mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 is avirulent in calves. Journal of General Virology 75:2311–2318
Van LieropM. J. C.,
NilssonP. R.,
WagenaarJ. P. A.,
van NoortJ. M.,
CampbellJ. D. M.,
GlassE. J.,
JoostenI.,
HensenE. J.1995; The influence of MHC polymorphism on the selection of T-cell determinants of foot-and-mouth-disease virus in cattle. Immunology 84:79–85
WertzG. W.,
StottE. J.,
YoungK. K. Y.,
AndersonK.,
BallL. A.1987; Expression of the fusion protein of human respiratory syncytial virus from recombinant vaccinia virus vectors and protection of vaccinated mice. Journal of Virology 61:293–301
Resistance to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) induced in calves by a recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 expressing the attachment glycoprotein of BRSV.