Studies of viral co-factors for human immunodeficiency virus in vitro and in vivo

References

1. Alcami J., Lain de Lera T., Folgueira L., Pedraza M. A., Jacque J. M., Bachelerie F., Noriega A. R., Hay R. T., Harrich D., Gaynor R. B. others 1995; Absolute dependence on kappa B responsive elements for initiation and Tat-mediated amplification of HIV transcription in blood CD4 T lymphocytes. EMBO Journal 14:1552–1560
   [Google Scholar]
2. Belec L., Gray F., Mikol J., Scaravilli F., Mhiri C., Sobel A., Poirier J. 1990; Cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalomyeloradiculitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalitis: presence of HIV and CMV co-infected multinucleated giant cells. Acta Neuropathologica 81:99–104
   [Google Scholar]
3. Bowen F., Wilson P., Cope A., Sabin C., Griffiths P., Davey C., Johnson M., Emery V. 1996; Cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients: influence of cytomegaloviral load on response to ganciclovir, time to recurrence and survival. AIDS 10:1515–1520
   [Google Scholar]
4. Carrigan D. R., Knox K. K., Tapper M. A. 1990; Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by human herpesvirus-6. Journal of Infectious Diseases 162:844–851
   [Google Scholar]
5. Clark D. A., Ait-Khaled M., Wheeler A. C., Kidd I. M., McLaughlin J. E., Johnson M. A., Griffiths P. D., Emery V. C. 1996; Quantification of human herpesvirus 6 in immunocompetent persons and postmortem tissues from AIDS patients by PCR. Journal of General Virology 77:2271–2275
   [Google Scholar]
6. Clouse K. A., Robbins P. B., Fernie B., Ostrove J. M., Fauci A. S. 1989; Viral antigen stimulation of the production of human monokines capable of regulating HIV1 expression. Journal of Immunology 143:470–475
   [Google Scholar]
7. Corbellino M., Lusso P., Gallo R. C., Parravicini C., Galli M., Moroni M. 1993; Disseminated human herpesvirus 6 infection in AIDS. Lancet 342:1242
   [Google Scholar]
8. Darby S. C., Ewart D. W., Giangrande P. L. F., Spooner R. J. D., Rizza C. R. for the UK Haemophilia Centre Directors’ Organization 1996; Importance of age at infection with HIV-1 for survival and development of AIDS in UK haemophilia population. Lancet 347:1573–1579
   [Google Scholar]
9. Davis M. G., Kenney S. C., Kamine J., Pagano J. S., Huang E. S. 1987; Immediate-early gene region of human cytomegalovirus trans-activates the promoter of human immunodeficiency virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 84:8642–8646
   [Google Scholar]
10. Deng H., Liu R., Ellmeier W., Choe S., Unutmaz D., Burkhart M., Di Marzio P., Marmon S., Sutton R. E., Hill C. M., Davis C. B., Peiper S. C., Schall T. J., Littman D. R., Landau N. R. 1996; Identification of a major co-receptor for primary isolates of HIV-1. Nature 381:661–666
    [Google Scholar]
11. Detels R., Leach C. T., Hennessey K., Liu Z., Visscher B. R., Cherry J. D. 1994; Persistent cytomegalovirus infection of semen increases risk of AIDS. Journal of Infectious Diseases 169:766–768
    [Google Scholar]
12. Diaz J. J., Dodon M. D., Schaerer-Uthurralt N., Simonin D., Kindbeiter K., Gazzolo L., Madjar J. J. 1996; Post-transcriptional transactivation of human retroviral envelope glycoprotein expression by herpes simplex virus Us11 protein. Nature 379:273–2 77
    [Google Scholar]
13. Dobrescu D., Ursea B., Pope M., Asch A. S., Posnett D. N. 1995; Enhanced HIV-1 replication in V beta 12 T cells due to human cytomegalovirus in monocytes : evidence for a putative herpesvirussuperantigen. Cell 82:753–763
    [Google Scholar]
14. Dragic T., Litwin V., Allaway G. P., Martin S. R., Huang Y., Nagashima K. A., Cayanan C., Maddon P. J., Koup R. A., Moore J. P., Paxton W. A. 1996; HIV-1 entry into CD4 + cells is mediated by the chemokine receptor CC-CKR-5. Nature 381:667–673
    [Google Scholar]
15. Finkle C., Tapper M. A., Knox K. K., Carrigan D. R. 1991; Coinfection of cells with the human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus in lung tissues of patients with AIDS. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 4:735–737
    [Google Scholar]
16. Fischl M. A., Richman D. D., Grieco M. H., Gottlieb M. S., Volberding P. A., Laskin O. L., Leedom J. M., Groopman J. E., Mildvan D., Schooley R. T. others 1987; The efficacy of azidothymidine (AZT) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. New England Journal of Medicine 317:185–191
    [Google Scholar]
17. Gallant J. E., Moore R. D., Richman D. D., Keruly J., Chaisson R. E. 1992; Incidence and natural history of cytomegalovirus disease in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease treated with zidovudine. The Zidovudine Epidemiology Study Group. Journal of Infectious Diseases 166:1223–1227
    [Google Scholar]
18. Gendelman H. E., Phelps W., Feigenbaum L., Ostrove J. M., Adachi A., Howley P. M., Khoury G., Ginsberg H. S., Martin M. A. 1986; Trans-activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat sequence by DNA viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 83:9759–9763
    [Google Scholar]
19. Griffiths P. D. 1992; Studies to define viral cofactors for human immunodeficiency virus. Infectious Agents and Disease 1:237–244
    [Google Scholar]
20. Grilli M., Chiu J. J., Lenardo M. J. 1993; NF-kappa B and Rel: participants in a multiform transcriptional regulatory system. International Review of Cytology 143:1–62
    [Google Scholar]
21. Kenney S., Kamine J., Markovitz D., Fenrick R., Pagano J. 1988; An Epstein-Barr virus immediate-early gene product trans-activates gene expression from the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 85:1652–1656
    [Google Scholar]
22. Kledal T. N., Rosenkilde M. M., Coulin F., Simmons G., Johnsen A. H., Alouani S., Power C. A., Lüttichau H. R., Gerstoft J., Clapham P. R., Clark-Lewis I., Wells T. N. C., Schwartz T. W. 1997; A broad spectrum chemokine antagonist encoded by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. Science 277:1656–1659
    [Google Scholar]
23. Knox K. K., Carrigan D. R. 1994; Disseminated active HHV-6 infections in patients with AIDS. Lancet 343:577–578
    [Google Scholar]
24. Koval V., Clark C., Vaishnav M., Spector S. A., Spector D. H. 1991; Human cytomegalovirus inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication in cells productively infected by both viruses. Journal of Virology 65:6969–6978
    [Google Scholar]
25. Koval V., Jault F. M., Pal P. G., Moreno T. N., Aiken C., Trono D., Spector S. A., Spector D. H. 1995; Differential effects of human cytomegalovirus on integrated and unintegrated human immuno-deficiency virus sequences. Journal of Virology 69:1645–1651
    [Google Scholar]
26. Landau N. R., Page K. A., Littman D. R. 1991; Pseudotyping with human T-cell leukemia virus type I broadens the human immunodeficiency virus host range. Journal of Virology 65:162–169
    [Google Scholar]
27. Le Guern M., Levy J. A. 1992; Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 can superinfect HIV-2-infected cells: pseudotypevirions produced with expanded cellular host range. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 89:363–367
    [Google Scholar]
28. Lerner-Tung M. B., Crouch J. Y., Hsiung G. D. 1991; Demonstration of cytomegalovirus and retrovirus pseudotypes in cultured guinea pig cells. Virology 180:826–830
    [Google Scholar]
29. Levy J. A., Landay A., Lennette E. T. 1990; Human herpesvirus 6 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in cell culture. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28:2362–2364
    [Google Scholar]
30. Lusso P., Ensoli B., Markham P. D., Ablashi D. V., Salahuddin S. Z., Tschachler E., Wong-Staal F., Gallo R. C. 1989; Productive dual infection of human CD4 + T lymphocytes by HIV-1 and HHV-6. Nature 337:370–373
    [Google Scholar]
31. Lusso P., Lori F., Gallo R. C. 1990; CD4-independent infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 after phenotypic mixing with human T-cell leukemia viruses. Journal of Virology 64:6341–6344
    [Google Scholar]
32. Lusso P., De Maria A., Malnati M., Lori F., DeRocco S. E., Baseler M., Gallo R. C. 1991; Induction of CD4 and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection in human CD8 + T lymphocytes by human herpesvirus 6. Nature 349:533–535
    [Google Scholar]
33. Lusso P., Secchiero P., Crowley R. W., Garzino-Demo A., Berneman Z. N., Gallo R. C. 1994; CD4 is a critical component of the receptor for human herpesvirus 7: interference with human immunodeficiency virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91:3872–3876
    [Google Scholar]
34. McKeating J. A., Griffiths P. D., Weiss R. A. 1990; HIV susceptibility conferred to human fibroblasts by cytomegalovirus-induced Fc receptor. Nature 343:659–661
    [Google Scholar]
35. Margalith M., D’Aquila R. T., Manion D. J., Basgoz N., Bechtel L. J., Smith B. R., Kaplan J. C., Hirsch M. S. 1995; HIV-1 DNA in fibroblast cultures infected with urine from HIV-seropositive cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretors. Archives of Virology 140:927–935
    [Google Scholar]
36. Mellors J. W., Rinaldo C. R.Jr Gupta P., White R. M., Todd J. A., Kingsley L. A. 1996; Prognosis in HIV-1 infection predicted by the quantity of virus in plasma. Science 272:1167–1170
    [Google Scholar]
37. Mole L., Ripich S., Margolis D., Holodniy M. 1997; The impact of active herpes simplex virus infection on human immunodeficiency virus load. Journal of Infectious Diseases 176:766–770
    [Google Scholar]
38. Moore P. S., Boshoff C., Weiss R. A., Chang Y. 1996; Molecular mimicry of human cytokine and cytokine response pathway genes by KSHV. Science 274:1739–1744
    [Google Scholar]
39. Moreno T. N., Fortunato E. A., Hsia K., Spector S. A., Spector D. H. 1997; A model system for human cytomegalovirus-mediated modulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat activity in brain cells. Journal of Virology 71:3693–3701
    [Google Scholar]
40. Nelson J. A., Reynolds-Kohler C., Oldstone M. B., Wiley C. A. 1988; HIV and HCMV coinfect brain cells in patients with AIDS. Virology 165:286–290
    [Google Scholar]
41. Peterson P. K., Gekker G., Chao C. C., Hu S. X., Edelman C., Balfour H. H.Jr 1992; Human cytomegalovirus-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells induce HIV-1 replication via a tumour necrosis factor-alpha-mediated mechanism. Journal of Clinical Investigation 89:574–580
    [Google Scholar]
42. Pillay D., Lipman M. C., Lee C. A., Johnson M. A., Griffiths P. D., McLaughlin J. E. 1993; A clinico-pathological audit of opportunistic viral infections in HIV-infected patients. AIDS 7:969–974
    [Google Scholar]
43. Pleskoff O., Treboute C., Brelot A., Heveker N., Seman M., Alizon M. 1997; Identification of a chemokine receptor encoded by human cytomegalovirus as a cofactor for HIV-1 entry. Science 276:1874–1878
    [Google Scholar]
44. Qavi H. B., Green M. T., Lewis D. E., Hollinger F. B., Pearson G., Ablashi D. V. 1995; HIV-1 and HHV-6 antigens and transcripts in retinas of patients with AIDS in the absence of human cytomegalovirus. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 36:2040–2047
    [Google Scholar]
45. Rabkin C. S., Hatzakis A., Griffiths P. D., Pillay D., Ragni M. V., Hilgartner M. W., Goedert J. J. 1993; Cytomegalovirus infection and risk of AIDS in human immunodeficiency virus-infected hemophilia patients. National Cancer Institute Multicentre Hemophilia Cohort Study Group. Journal of Infectious Diseases 168:1260–1263
    [Google Scholar]
46. Rice A. P., Mathews M. B. 1988; Trans-activation of the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat sequences, expressed in an adenovirus vector, by the adenovirus E1A 13S protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 85:4200–4204
    [Google Scholar]
47. Sabin C. A., Phillips A. N., Lee C. A., Janossy G., Emery V., Griffiths P. D. 1995; The effect of CMV infection on progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease in a cohort of haemophilic men followed for up to 13 years from seroconversion. Epidemiology & Infection 114:361–372
    [Google Scholar]
48. Siddiqui A., Gaynor R., Srinivasan A., Mapoles J., Farr R. W. 1989; Trans-activation of viral enhancers including long terminal repeat of the human immunodeficiency virus by the hepatitis B virus X protein. Virology 169:479–484
    [Google Scholar]
49. Sieczkowski L., Chandran B., Wood C. 1995; The human immunodeficiency virus tat gene enhances replication of human herpesvirus-6. Virology 211:544–553
    [Google Scholar]
50. Siekevitz M., Josephs S. F., Dukovich M., Peffer N., Wong-Staal F., Greene W. C. 1987; Activation of the HIV-1 LTR by T cell mitogens and the trans-activator protein of HTLV-I. Science 238:1575–1578
    [Google Scholar]
51. Skolnik P. R., Kosloff B. R., Hirsch M. S. 1988; Bidirectional interactions between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 157:508–514
    [Google Scholar]
52. Skolnik P. R., Pomerantz R. J., de la Monte S. M., Lee S. F., Hsiung G. D., Foos R. Y., Kosloff B. R., Hirsch M. S., Pepose J. S. 1989; Dual infection of retina with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus. American Journal of Ophthalmology 107:361–372
    [Google Scholar]
53. Stein D. S., Graham N. M. H. 1996; Interaction of herpes viruses with HIV: can antiherpes drugs prolong survival among AIDS patients?. Reviews in Medical Virology 6:163–172
    [Google Scholar]
54. Van Kuyk R., Mosier D. E. 1995; Lack of pseudotype formation between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and Epstein-Barr virus in productively coinfected B lymphoblastoid cell lines. Virology 209:643–648
    [Google Scholar]
55. Webster A., Lee C. A., Cook D. G., Grundy J. E., Emery V. C., Kernoff P. B., Griffiths P. D. 1989; Cytomegalovirus infection and progression towards AIDS in haemophiliacs with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Lancet 2:63–66
    [Google Scholar]
56. Webster A., McLaughlin J. E., Johnson M. A., Emery V. C., Griffiths P. D. 1995; Use of the polymerase chain reaction to detect genomes of human immunodeficiency virus and cytomegalovirus in post-mortem tissues. Journal of Medical Virology 47:23–28
    [Google Scholar]
57. Yasukawa M., Inoue Y., Sada E., Yakushijin Y., Furukawa M., Fujita S. 1995; CD4 down-modulation by ganglioside and phorbol ester inhibits human herpesvirus 7 infection. Journal of General Virology 76:2381–2385
    [Google Scholar]
58. Yurochko A. D., Kowalik T. F., Huong S. M., Huang E. S. 1995; Human cytomegalovirus upregulates NF-kB activity by transactivating the NF-KB p105/p50 and p65 promoters. Journal of Virology 69:5391–5400
    [Google Scholar]
59. Zhu Z. H., Chen S. S., Huang A. S. 1990; Phenotypic mixing between human immunodeficiency virus and vesicular stomatitis virus or herpes simplex virus. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 3:215–219
    [Google Scholar]