1887

Abstract

To investigate the origin of human T-lymphotropic virus I (HTLV-I), strains of diverse geographical origin were analysed. We sequenced the LTR and genes of HTLV-I strains from Brazil, Central African Republic, Taiwan and Zaire, and the simian T-lymphotropic virus type I (STLV-I) strain PHSu1 from a baboon from the Sukhumi primate centre. We performed phylogenetic analyses using neighbour-joining, parsimony and maximum likelihood methods. Three separate HTLV-I clusters were identified interspersed between STLV-I clusters. The Brazilian and the Taiwanese strains were within the first well-supported cluster containing all cosmopolitan HTLV-I strains flanked by west African STLV-I strains. The HTLV-I strains from Central African Republic and Zaire fell into a central African cluster close to the chimpanzee STLV-I isolates. The third well-supported cluster included all Melanesian HTLV-I strains and had Indonesian STLV-I strains as closest neighbours. Therefore, currently known HTLV-I strains represent three HTLV-I subtypes that most probably have originated from three geographically distinct interspecies transmission events. The highly divergent PHSu1, isolated from , was closely related to PCY-991, isolated from , both from the Sukhumi primate centre. Both clustered together with Asian wild-caught rhesus macaque STLV-I strains suggesting recent interspecies transmission of virus from rhesus macaques to colony-bred African baboons at the Sukhumi primate centre. In the rooted trees obtained using the STLV strain PH969 as an outgroup, the Asian strains branched off before the African strains, implying an Asian origin for HTLV/STLV type I based on presently available strains.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-359
1996-02-01
2024-03-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/77/2/JV0770020359.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-359&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bastian L., Gardner J., Webb D., Gardner I. 1993; Isolation of a human T-lymphotropic virus type I strain from Australian aboriginals. Journal of Virology 67:843–851
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Cavalli-Sforza L. L., Menozzi P., Piazza A. 1994 The History and Geography of Human Genes Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Dasgupta P., Reddy C. D., Saikumar P., Reddy E. P. 1992; The cellular proto-oncogene product Myb acts as transcriptional activator of the long terminal repeat of human T-lymphotropic virus type I. Journal of Virology 66:270–276
    [Google Scholar]
  4. de Castro Costa C. M., Goubau P., Liu H.-F., Vandamme A.-M., da Cunha F. M. B., Santos T. J. T., Desmyter J., Carton H. 1995; HTLV-negative and HTLV type Lpositive tropical spastic paraparesis in northeastern Brazil. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 11:315–318
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Evangelista A., Maroushek S., Minnigan H., Larson A., Retzel E., Haase A., Gonzalez-Dunia D., McFarlin D., Mingioli E., Jacobson S., Osame M., Sonoda S. 1990; Nucleotide sequence analysis of a provirus derived from an individual with tropical spastic paraparesis. Microbial Pathogenesis 8:259–278
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Felsenstein J. 1989; PHYLIP-Phylogeny inference package (version 3.2). Cladistics 5:164–166
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Froment A., Delaporte E., Dazza M.-C., Larouze B. 1993; HTLV-II among pygmies from Cameroon. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 9:707
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gallo R. C., Sliski A., Wong-Staal F. 1983; Origin of human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus. Lancet ii:962–963
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Gessain A., Barin F., Vernant J. C., Gout O., Maurs L., Calender A., de The G. 1985; Antibodies to human T- lymphotropic virus type I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis. Lancet ii:407–409
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gessain A., Yanagihara R., Franchini G., Garruto R. M., Jenkins C. L., Ajdukiewicz A. B., Gallo R. C., Gajdusek D. C. 1991; Highly divergent molecular variants of human T- lymphotropic virus type I from isolated populations in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88:7694–7698
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Gessain A., Gallo R. C., Franchini G. 1992; Low degree of human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I genetic drift in vivo as a means of monitoring viral transmission and movement of ancient human populations. Journal of Virology 66:2288–2295
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Gessain A., Boeri E., Yanagihara R., Gallo R. C., Franchini G. 1993; Complete nucleotide sequence of a highly divergent human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type I (HTLV-I) variant from Melanesia: genetic and phylogenetic relationship to HTLV-I strains from other geographical regions. Journal of Virology 67:1015–1023
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Gessain A., Mauclère P., Froment A., Biglione M., Le Hesran J. Y., Tekaia F., Millan J., de The G. 1995; Isolation and molecular characterization of a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II), subtype B, from a healthy pygmy living in a remote area of Cameroon: an ancient origin for HTLV-II in Africa. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 92:4041–4045
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Goubau P., Liu H. F., de Lange G. G., Vandamme A.-M., Desmyter J. 1993; HTLV-II seroprevalence in pygmies across Africa since 1970. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 9:709–713
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Goubau P., Van Brussel M., Vandamme A. M., Liu H. F., Desmyter J. 1994; A primate T-lymphotropic virus, PTLV-L, different from human T-lymphotropic viruses type I and II, in a wild- caught baboon (Papio hamadryasy) . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91:2848–2852
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Gray G. S., White M., Bartman T., Mann D. 1990; Envelope gene sequence of HTLV-I isolate MT-2 and its comparison with other HTLV-I isolates. Virology 177:391–395
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Guo H. G., Wong-Staal F., Gallo R. C. 1984; Novel viral sequences related to human T-cell leukemia virus in T cells of a seropositive baboon. Science 223:1195–1197
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Hafner M. S., Nadler S. A. 1988; Phylogenetic trees support the coevolution of parasites and their hosts. Nature 332:258–259
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Higgins D. G., Sharp P. M. 1988; CLUSTAL: a package for performing multiple sequence alignment on a microcomputer. Gene 73:237–244
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Homma T., Kanki P. J., King N. W. Jr, Hunt R. D., O’Connell M. J., Letvin N. L., Daniel M. D., Desrosiers R. C., Yang C. S., Essex M. 1984; Lymphoma in macaques: association with virus of human T-lymphotropic family. Science 225:716–718
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Ibrahim F., de Thé G., Gessain A. 1995; Isolation and characterization of a new simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 from naturally infected Celebes macaques (Macaca tonkeand). complete nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic relationship with the Australo- Melanesian human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. Journal of Virology 69:6980–6993
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Josephs S. F., Wong-Staal F., Manzari V., Gallo R. C., Sodroski J. G., Trus M. D., Perkins D., Patarca R., Haseltine W. A. 1984; Long terminal repeat structure of an American isolate of type I human T-cell leukemia virus. Virology 139:340–345
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Komurian F., Pelloquin F., de The G. 1991; In vivo genomic variability of human T-cell leukemia virus type I depends more upon geography than upon pathologies. Journal of Virology 65:3770–3778
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Koralnik I. J., Boeri E., Saxinger W. C., Monico A. L., Eullen J., Gessain A., Guo H.-G., Gallo R. C., Markham P., Kalyanaraman V., Hirsch V., Allan J., Murthy K., Alford P., Slattery J. P., O’Brien S. J., Franchini G. 1994; Phylogenetic association of human and simian T-cell leukemia/ lymphotropic virus type I strains: evidence for interspecies transmission. Journal of Virology 68:2693–2707
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Li W.-H., Tanimura M. 1987; The molecular clock runs more slowly in man than in apes and monkeys. Nature 326:93–96
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Liu H.-F., Vandamme A.-M., Kazadi K., Carton H., Desmyter J., Goubau P. 1994a; Familial transmission and minimal sequence variability of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) in Zaire. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 10:1135–1142
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Liu H.-F., Vandamme A.-M., Van Brussel M., Desmyter J., Goubau P. 1994b; New retroviruses in human and simian T- lymphotropic viruses. Lancet 344:265–266
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Mahieux R., Gessain A., Truffert A., Vitrac D., Hubert A., Dandelot J., Montchamp-Moreau C., Cnudde F., Tekaia F., de The G. 1994; Seroepidemiology, viral isolation, and molecular characterization of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I from La Reunion Island, Indian Ocean. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 10:745–752
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Malik K. T. A., Even J., Karpas A. 1988; Molecular cloning and complete nucleotide sequence of an adult T cell leukemia virus/ human T-cell leukemia virus type I (ATLV/HTLV-I) isolate of Caribbean origin: relationship to other members of the ATLV/ HTLV-I subgroup. Journal of General Virology 69:1695–1710
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Maloney E. M., Biggar R. J., Neel J. V., Taylor M. E., Hahn B. H., Shaw G. M., Blattner W. A. 1992; Endemic human T cell lymphotropic virus type II infection among isolated Brazilian Amerindians. Journal of Infectious Diseases 166:100–107
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Miura T., Fukunaga T., Igarashi T., Yamashita M., Ido E., Funahashi S.-L., Ishida T., Washio K., Ueda S., Hashimoto K.-L., Yoshda M., Osame M., Singhal B. S., Zaninovic V., Cartier L., Sonoda S., Tajima K., Ina Y., Gojobori T., Hayami M. 1994; Phylogenetic subtypes of human T-lymphotropic virus type I and their relations to the anthropological background. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 91:1124–1127
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Nerurkar V. R., Song K.-J., Saitou N., Melland R. R., Yanagihara R. 1993; Interfamilial and intrafamilial genomic diversity and molecular phylogeny of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I from Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Virology 196:506–513
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Nerurkar V. R., Song K.-J., Bastian I. B., Garin B., Franchini G., Yanagihara R. 1994; Genotyping of topotype-specificoligonucleotide primer-based polymerase chain reaction: insights into viral evolution and dissemination. Journal of Infectious Diseases 170:1353–1360
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Osame M., Igata A., Usuku K., Rosales R. L., Matsumoto M. 1987; Mother-to-child transmission in HTLV-I associated myelopathy. Lancet i:106
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Paine E., Garcia J., Philpott T. C., Shaw G., Ratner L. 1991; Limited sequence variation in human T-lymphotropic virus type I isolates from North American and African patients. Virology 182:111–123
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Poiesz B. J., Ruscetti F. W., Gazdar A. F., Bunn P. A., Minna J. D., Gallo R. C. 1980; Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 77:7415–7419
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Ratner L., Philpott T., Trowbridge D. B. 1991; Nucleotide sequence analysis of isolates of human T-lymphotropic virus type I of diverse geographical origins. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 7:923–941
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Rudolph D. L., Keesling S. S., Lerche N., Yee J. A., Lal R. 1991; Dominance of HTLV type I-specific antibody responsiveness in Old World monkeys. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 7:721–722
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Sakakibara L., Sugimoto Y., Sasagawa A., Honjo S., Tsuhmoto H., Nakamura H., Hayami M. 1986; Spontaneous malignant lymphoma in an African green monkey naturally infected with simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV). Journal of Medical Primatology 15:311–318
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Saksena N. K., Sherman M. P., Yanagihara R., Dube D. K., Poiesz B. J. 1992; LTR sequence and phylogenetic analyses of a newly discovered variant of HTLV-I isolated from the Hagahai of Papua New Guinea. Virology 189:1–9
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Saksena N. K., Hervé V., Sherman M. P., Durand J. P., Mathiot C., Muller M., Love J. L., LeGuenno B., Barre-Sinoussi F., Dube D. K., Poiesz B. J. 1993; Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a new STLV-I from a naturally infected Tantalus monkey from central Africa. Virology 192:312–320
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Saksena N. K., Herve V., Durand J. P., LeGuenno B., Diop O. M., Digoutte J. P., Mathiot C., Muller M. C., Love J. L., Dube S., Sherman M. P., Benz P. M., Erensoy S., Galat-Luong A., Galat G., Paul B., Dube D. K., Barre-Sinoussi F., Poiesz B. J. 1994; Seroepidemiologic, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses of simian T-cell leukemia viruses (STLV-I) from various naturally infected monkey species from central and western Africa. Virology 198:297–310
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Seiki M., Hattori S., Hirayama Y., Yoshida M. 1983; Human adult T-cell leukemia virus: complete nucleotide sequence of the provirus genome integrated in leukemia cell DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 80:3618–3622
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Sharp P. M., Robertson D. L., Gao F., Hahn B. H. 1994; Origins and diversity of human immunodeficiency viruses. AIDS 8: suppl 1S27–S42
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Shirabe S., Nakamura T., Tsujihata M., Nagataki S., Seiki M., Yoshida M. 1990; Retrovirus from human T-cell leukemia virus type Lassociated myelopathy is the same strain as a prototype human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Archives of Neurology 47:1258–1260
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Song K.-J., Nerurkar V. R., Saitou N., Lazo A., Blakeslee J. R., Miyoshi I., Yanagihara R. 1994; Genetic analysis and molecular phylogeny of simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I: evidence for independent virus evolution in Asia and Africa. Virology 199:56–66
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Tsujimoto A., Teruuchi T., Imamura J., Shimotohno K., Miyoshi I., Miwa M. 1988; Nucleotide sequence analysis of a provirus derived from HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). Molecular Biology and Medicine 5:29–42
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Vandamme A.-M., Liu H.-F., Goubau P., Desmyter J. 1994; Primate T-lymphotropic virus type I sequence variation and its phylogenetic analysis: compatibility with an African origin of PTLV-I. Virology 202:212–223
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Watanabe T., Seiki M., Tsujimoto H., Miyoshi L., Hayami M., Yoshida M. 1985; Sequence homology of the simian retrovirus genome with human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Virology 144:59–65
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Watanabe T., Seiki M., Hirayama Y., Yoshida M. 1986; Human T-cell leukemia virus type I is a member of the African subtype of simian viruses (STLV). Virology 148:385–388
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Weaver S. C., Hagenbaugh A., Bellew L. A., Calisher C. H. 1992; Genetic characterization of an antigenic subtype of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus. Archives of Virology 127:305–314
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-359
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-359
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error