@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-189, author = "Sandler, Abby B. and Baker, Carl C. and Spalholz, Barbara A.", title = "Sp1 is critical for basal and E2-transactivated transcription from the bovine papillomavirus type 1 P89 promoter", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "1996", volume = "77", number = "2", pages = "189-198", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-189", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-77-2-189", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "The bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) long control region (LCR) contains at least three consensus binding sites for the transcription factor Sp1 at nucleotides (nt) 7800, 7833 and 7854. A high basal-level P89 expression vector consisting of an origin-deleted LCR fused to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene was utilized to determine the role of these Sp1 sites in the regulation of transcription from the BPV-1 P89 promoter. The three Sp1 sites were capable of binding Sp1 in vitro. Mutation of these sites in the background of the origin-deleted LCR-CAT or a wild-type LCR-CAT construct resulted in decreased basal expression from P89. In addition, mutation of the Sp1 sites in the wild-type background caused a reduction in E2-transactivation potential. These data illustrate the importance of these Sp1 sites in regulating both basal and E2-transactivated P89 expression.", }