Sequence of non-structural regions 3 and 5 of hepatitis C virus genomes from Spanish patients: existence of a predominant variant related to type 1b

References

1. Bukh J., Purcell R. H., Miller R. H. 1992; Importance of the primer selection for the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA with the polymerase chain reaction assay. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 89:187–191
   [Google Scholar]
2. Castillo I., Bartolome J., Quiroga J. A., Carreno V. 1992; Comparison of several PCR procedures for detection of serum HCV-RNA using different regions of the HCV genome. Journal of Virology Methods 38:71–80
   [Google Scholar]
3. Cha T.-A., Beall E., Irvine B., Kolberg J., Chien D., Kuo G., Urdea M. S. 1992; At least five related, but distinct hepatitis viral genotypes exist. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 89:7144–7148
   [Google Scholar]
4. Chan S.-W., McOmish F., Holmes E. C., Dow B., Peutherer J. F., Follett E., Yap P. L., Simmonds P. 1992; Analysis of a new hepatitis C virus type and its phylogenetic relationship to existing variants. Journal of General Virology 73:1131–1141
   [Google Scholar]
5. Chayama K., Tsubota A., Arase Y., Saitoh S., Koida I., Ikeda K., Matsumoto T., Kobayashi M., Iwasaki S., Koyama S., Morinaga T., Kumada H. 1993; Genotypic subtyping of hepatitis C virus. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 8:150–156
   [Google Scholar]
6. Chen P. J., Lin Μ. H., Tu S. J., Chen D. S. 1991; Isolation of a complementary DNA fragment of hepatitis C virus in Taiwan revealed significant sequence variations compared with other isolates. Hepatology 14:73–78
   [Google Scholar]
7. Chen P. J., Lin Μ. Η., Tai K. F., Liu P. C., Lin C. J., Chen D. S. 1992; The Taiwanese hepatitis C virus genome: sequence determination and mapping the 5′ termini of viral genomic and antigenomic RNA. Virology 188:102–113
   [Google Scholar]
8. Choo Q.-L., Richman K. H., Han J. H., Berger K., Lee C., Dong C., Gallegos C., Coit D., Medina-Selby A., Barr P. J., Weiner A. J., Bradley D. W., Kuo G., Houghton M. 1991; Genetic organization and diversity of the hepatitis C virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88:2451–2455
   [Google Scholar]
9. Kato N., Hijikata M., Ootsuyama Y., Nakagawa M., Ohkoshi S., Sugimura T., Shimotohno K. 1990; Molecular cloning of the human hepatitis C virus genome from Japanese patients with non-A, non-Β hepatitis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 87:9524–9528
   [Google Scholar]
10. Kremsdorf D., Porchon C., Kim J. P., Reyes G. R., Brechot C. 1991; Partial nucleotide sequence analysis of a French hepatitis C virus: implications for HCV genetic variability in the E2/NS1 protein. Journal of General Virology 72:2557–2561
    [Google Scholar]
11. Kuo G., Choo Q.-L., Alter H. J., Gitnick G. L., Redeker A. G., Purcell R. H., Miyamura T., Dienstag J. L., Alter M. J., Stevens C. E., Tegtmeier G. E., Bonino F., Colombo M., Lee W. S., Kuo C., Berger K., Shuster J. R., Overby L. R., Bradley D. W., Houghton M. 1989; An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis. Science 244:362–364
    [Google Scholar]
12. Kwok J., Higuchi R. 1989; Avoiding false positives with PCR. Nature 339:237–238
    [Google Scholar]
13. Li J.-S., Tong S.-P., Vitvitski L., Lepot D., Trepo C. 1991; Two French genotypes of hepatitis C virus: homology of the predominant genotype with the prototype American strain. Gene 105:167–172
    [Google Scholar]
14. Marin M. G., Puoti M., Zonaro A., Primi D., Cariani E. 1993; Common epidemiological distribution of HCV type I and HIV in Northern Italy. Journal of Hepatology 18 supplementum 1:32–33
    [Google Scholar]
15. Miyamura T., Saito I., Katayama T., Kikuchi S., Tateda A., Houghton M., Choo Q.-L., Kuo G. 1990; Detection of antibody against antigen expressed by molecularly cloned hepatitis C virus cDNA: application to diagnosis and blood screening for posttransfusion hepatitis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 87:983–987
    [Google Scholar]
16. Müllkr Η. M., Pfaff E., Goeser T., Theilmann L. 1993; Genetic variability of German hepatitis C virus isolates. Journal of Medical Virology 40:291–306
    [Google Scholar]
17. Ogata N., Alter H. J., Miller R. H., Purcell R. H. 1991; Nucleotide sequence and mutation rate of the H strain of hepatitis C virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88:3392–3396
    [Google Scholar]
18. Okamoto H., Okada S., Sugiyama Y., Kurai K., Iizuka H., Machida A., Miyakama Y., Mayumi M. 1991; Nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of hepatitis C virus isolated from a human carrier: comparison with reported isolates for conserved and divergent regions. Journal of General Virology 72:2697–2704
    [Google Scholar]
19. Okamoto H., Kurai K., Okada S., Yamamoto K., Iizuka H., Tanaka T., Fukuda S., Tsuda F., Mishiro S. 1992a; Full length sequence of a hepatitis C virus genome having poor homology to reported isolates: comparative study of four distinct genotypes. Virology 188:331–341
    [Google Scholar]
20. Okamoto H., Sugiyama Y., Okada S., Kurai K., Akahane Y., Sugai Y., Tanaka T., Sato K., Tsuda F., Miyakama Y., Mayumi M. 1992b; Typing hepatitis C virus by polymerase chain reaction with type-specific primers: application to clinical surveys and tracing infectious sources. Journal of General Virology 73:673–679
    [Google Scholar]
21. Pozzato G., Moretti M., Franzin F., Croce L. S., Tiribelli C. 1991; Severity of liver disease with different hepatitis C viral clones. Lancet 338:509
    [Google Scholar]
22. Pozzato G., Crovatto M., Tiribelli C., Moretti M., Modolo L., Martelli P., Santini G. F., Mishiro S. 1993; Typing core region of hepatitis C virus by polymerase chain reaction: results from the north-east of Italy. Journal of Hepatology 18 supplementum 1:33
    [Google Scholar]
23. Simmonds P., Holmes E. C., Cha T.-A., Chan S.-W., McOmish F., Irvine Β., Beall E., Yap P. L., Kolberg J., Urdea M. S. 1993; Classification of hepatitis C virus into six major genotypes and a series of subtypes by phylogenetic analysis of the NS-5 region. Journal of General Virology 74:2391–2399
    [Google Scholar]
24. Takada N., Takase S., Enomoto N., Takada A., Date T. 1992a; Clinical backgrounds of the patients having different types of hepatitis C virus genomes. Journal of Hepatology 14:35–40
    [Google Scholar]
25. Takada N., Takase S., Takada A., Date T. 1992b; HCV genotypes in different countries. Lancet 28:808
    [Google Scholar]
26. Takamizawa A., Mori C., Fuke I., Manabe S., Murakami S., Fujita J., Onishi E., Andoh T., Yoshida E., Okayama H. 1991; Structure and organization of the hepatitis C virus genome isolated from human carriers. Journal of Virology 65:1105–1113
    [Google Scholar]
27. Tanaka T., Kato N., Nakagawa M., Ootsuyama Y., Cho M.-J., Nakazawa T., Hijikata M., Ishimura Y., Shimotohno K. 1992; Molecular cloning of hepatitis C virus genome from a single Japanese carrier: sequence variation within the same individual and among infected individuals. Virus Research 23:39–53
    [Google Scholar]
28. Yoshioka K., Kakumu S., Wakita T., Ishikawa T., Itoh Y., Takayanagi M., Higashi Y., Shibata M., Morishima T. 1992; Detection of hepatitis C virus by polymerase chain reaction and response to interferon-alpha therapy: relationship to genotypes of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 16:293–299
    [Google Scholar]