1887

Abstract

The E1 protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is the only known papillomavirus E1 which does not contain any proline residues in the phosphate-loop (P-loop) of its ATP-binding site. To ascertain whether this feature influences the activities of HPV-16 E1, we generated a mutant HPV-16 E1 (E1Pro) in which prolines are inserted in place of alanines in this site, making the P-loop identical to its bovine papillomavirus type 1 counterpart. Glutathione -transferase (GST) fusion proteins (GSTE1wt and GSTE1Pro) were produced, purified and used to assay for ATP-binding ability, ATPase activity and ability to complex with the HPV-16 E2 protein. The results show that the lack of prolines in the P-loop, which is unique to HPV-16 E1, significantly weakens its ATP-binding and ATPase activities without affecting its ability to complex with the HPV-16 E2 protein.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-2949
1995-12-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/76/12/JV0760122949.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-2949&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Benson J. D., Howley P. M. 1995; Amino-terminal domains of the bovine papillomavirus type 1 E1 and E2 proteins participate in complex formation. Journal of Virology 69:4364–4372
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bream G. L., Ohmstede C.-A., Phelps W. C. 1993; Characterization of human papillomavirus type 11 E1 and E2 proteins expressed in insect cells. Journal of Virology 67:2655–2663
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Clertant P., Cuzin F. 1982; Covalent affinity labelling by periodate-oxidized [α-32P] ATP of the large-T proteins of polyoma and SV40 viruses. Journal of Biological Chemistry 257:6300–6305
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Del Vecchio A. M., Romanczuk H., Howley P. M., Baker C. 1992; Transient replication of human papillomavirus DNAs. Journal of Virology 66:5949–5958
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Clertant P., Seif I. 1984; A common function for polyoma virus large-T and papillomavirus E1 proteins?. Nature 311:276–279
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Hibma M., Raj K., Ely S., Stanley M., Crawford L. 1995; The interaction between human papillomavirus type 16 E1 and E2 proteins is blocked by an antibody to the N-terminal region of E2. European Journal of Biochemistry 229:517–525
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hughes F. J., Romanos M. A. 1993; E1 protein of human papillomavirus is a DNA helicase/ATPase. Nucleic Acids Research 21:5817–5823
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Lambert P. F., Howley P. M. 1988; Bovine papillomavirus type 1 E1 replication-defective mutants are altered in their transcriptional regulation. Journal of Virology 62:4009–4015
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Law M.-F., Lowy D. R., Dvoretzky I., Howley P. M. 1981; Mouse cells transformed by bovine papillomavirus contain only extrachromosomal viral DNA sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 78:2727–2731
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Lusky M., Botchan M. 1985; Genetic analysis of bovine papillomavirus type 1 trans-acting replication factors. Journal of Virology 53:955–965
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Lusky M., Fontane E. 1991; Formation of the complex of bovine papillomavirus E1 and E2 proteins is modulated by E2 phosphorylation and depends upon sequences within the carboxyl terminus of E1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 88:6363–6367
    [Google Scholar]
  12. MacPherson P., Thorner L., Parker L. M., Botchan M. 1994; The bovine papillomavirus E1 protein has ATPase activity essential to viral DNA replication and efficient transformation in cells. Virology 204:403–408
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Matsukura T., Kanda T., Furuno A., Kawana T., Yoshiike K. 1986; Cloning of monomeric human papillomavirus type 16 DNA integrated within cell DNA from cervical carcinoma. Journal of Virology 58:979–982
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Müller M., Gissmann L., Christiano R. J., Sun X.-Y., Frazer I. H., Jenson A. B., Alonso A., Zentgraf H., Zhou J. 1995; Papillomavirus capsid binding and uptake by cells from different tissues and species. Journal of Virology 69:948–954
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Raj K. 1994 Studies on the E 1 gene of HPV 16 Doctoral thesis University of Cambridge; UK.:
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Santucci S., AndréA C.-B., Clertant P. 1995; Bovine papillomavirus type 1 ATPase does not depend on binding to DNA nor to viral E2 protein. Journal of General Virology 76:1129–1140
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Saraste M., Sibbald P. R., Wittinghofer A. 1990; The P-loop - a common motif in ATP- and GTP-binding proteins. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 15:430–434
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Seedorf K., Krämmer G., Dürst M., Suhai S., Rowenkamp W. G. 1985; Human papillomavirus type 16 DNA sequence. Virology 145:181–185
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Seo Y.-S., Müller F., Lusky M., Hurwitz J. 1993; Bovine papilloma virus (BPV)-encoded E1 protein contains multiple activities required for BPV DNA replication. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 90:702–706
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Storey A., Piccini A., Massimi P., Bouvard V., Banks L. 1995; Mutations in the human papillomavirus type 16 E2 protein identify a region of the protein involved in binding to E1 protein. Journal of General Virology 76:819–826
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Sun S., Thorner L., Lentz M., MacPherson P., Botchan M. 1990; Identification of a 68-kilodalton nuclear ATP-binding phosphoprotein encoded by bovine papillomavirus type 1. Journal of Virology 64:5093–5105
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Thorner L. K., Lim D. A., Botchan M. R. 1993; DNA-binding domain of bovine papillomavirus type 1 E1 helicase: structural and functional aspects. Journal of Virology 67:6000–6014
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Tijan R., Robbins A. 1979; Enzymatic activities associated with a purified simian virus 40T antigen-related protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 76:610–614
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ustav M., Stenlund A. 1991; Transient replication of BPV-1 requires two viral polypeptides encoded by the E1 and E2 open reading frames. EMBO Journal 10:449–457
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Volpers C., Unckell F., Schirmarcher P., Streeck E. R., Sapp M. 1995; Binding and internalization of HPV33 virus-like particles by eukaryotic cells. Journal of Virology 69:3258–3264
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Yang L., Mohr I., Fours E., Lim D. A., Nohaile M., Botchan M. 1993; The E1 protein of bovine papilloma virus 1 is an ATP-dependent DNA helicase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 90:5086–5090
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-2949
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-2949
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error