Pseudorabies virus (PRV) early protein 0 (EP0) contains the RING finger domain with homology to the immediate-early (IE) protein ICP0 of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). EP0 was detected by indirect immunofluorescence in the nuclei of the cells transfected with EP0 expression plasmid as is the case in cells infected with PRV. In transient expression assays, EP0 trans-activated the PRV IE, thymidine kinase (TK) and glycoprotein X (gX) promoters, indicating that EP0, like ICP0 of HSV-1, is a transactivating protein.
EverettR. D.1988; Analysis of the functional domains of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early polypeptide VmwllO. Journal of Molecular Biology 202:87–96
EverettR. D.,
BarlowP.,
MilnerA.,
LuisiB.,
OrrA.,
HopeG.,
LyonD.1993a; A novel arrangement of zinc-binding residues and secondary structure in the C3HC4 motif of an alphaherpes virus protein family. Journal of Molecular Biology 234:1038–1047
EverettR. D.,
CrossA.,
OrrA.1993b; A truncated form of herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate-early protein VmwllO is expressed in a cell type dependent manner. Virology 197:751–756
FraefelC.,
ZengJ.,
ChoffatY.,
EngelsM.,
SchwyzerM.,
AckermannM.1994; Identification and zinc dependence of the bovine herpesvirus 1 transactivator protein BICPO. Journal of Virology 68:3154–3162
FranckiR. I. B.,
FauquetC. M.,
KnudsonD. L.,
BrownF.1991; Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses. Fifth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Archives of Virology Supplementum 2
GreavesR.,
O’HareP.1989; Separation of requirements for protein-DNA complex assembly from those for functional activity in the herpes simplex virus regulatory protein Vmw65. Journal of Virology 63:1641–1650
MoriuchiH.,
MoriuchiM.,
SmithH. A.,
StrausS. E.,
CohenJ. I.1992; Varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 61 protein is functionally homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 ICPO. Journal of Virology 66:7303–7308
MoriuchiH.,
MoriuchiM.,
StrausS. E.,
CohenJ. I.1993; Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) open reading frame 61 protein trans- activates VZV gene promoters and enhances the infectivity of VZV DNA. Journal of Virology 67:4290–4295
MoriuchiH.,
MoriuchiM.,
CohenJ. I.1994; The RING finger domain of the varicella-zoster virus open reading frame 61 protein is required for its transregulatory functions. Virology 205:238–246
NilssonB.,
AbrahmsenL.,
UhlenM.1985; Immobilization and purification of enzymes with staphylococcal protein A gene fusion vectors. EMBO Journal 4:1075–1080
O’HareP.,
HaywardG. S.1985; Three trans-acting regulatory proteins of herpes simplex virus modulate immediate-early gene expression in a pathway involving positive and negative feedback regulation. Journal of Virology 56:723–733
PatwardhanS.,
GuptaK. C.1988; Translation initiation potential of the 5′ proximal AUGs of the polycistronic P/C mRNA of Sendai virus. A multipurpose vector for site-specific mutagenesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 263:4907–4913
SangerF.,
NicklenS.,
CoulsonA. R.1977; DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 74:5463–5467
VlčekC.,
KozmíkZ.,
PačesV.,
SchirmS.,
SchwyzerM.1990; Pseudorabies virus immediate-early gene overlaps with an oppositely oriented open reading frame: characterization of their promoter and enhancer regions. Virology 179:365–377
WirthU. V.,
FraefelC.,
VogtB.,
VlcekC.,
PacesV.,
SchwyzerM.1992; Immediate-early RNA 2.9 and early RNA 2.6 of bovine herpesvirus 1 are 3′ coterminal and encode a putative zinc finger transactivator protein. Journal of Virology 66:2763–2772