1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

Budgerigar fledgling disease virus 1 (BFDV-1) is the first avian polyomavirus to be identified, and it possesses uncommon structural and biological properties. Here we present an analysis of the processed viral RNAs in infected chicken embryo fibroblast cells. Two early and 18 late BFDV-1 mRNAs were defined according to their 5′ ends and internal splice patterns. In the early region of the genome an incomplete splice reaction covering 195 nt is responsible for creating two mRNAs that could encode small t and large T antigens, which would be initiated from a hypothetical early promoter, P. The late mRNA 5′ ends define two putative promoter regions (P and P), 111 nt apart in the BFDV-1 genome noncoding region. The overall splicing pattern of the late mRNAs is further complicated by an alternative splice reaction of intron 2 (deletion of either 64 nt in intron 2a or of 256 nt in intron 2b) and a splice removing intron 3 (870 nt), resulting in deletion of most of the VP2-VP3 coding region. The positions of the late mRNA 5′ ends and the splicing pattern indicate the existence of two open reading frames, putatively encoding two pairs of agnoproteins, in the 5′ region of several late mRNAs. These mRNAs appear to be bicistronic and to encode one of the agnoproteins together with one of the viral coat proteins.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-1-161
1995-01-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/76/1/JV0760010161.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-1-161&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Chiou H. C., Dabrowski C., Alwine J. C. 1991; Simian virus 40 late mRNA leader sequences involved in augmenting mRNA accumulation via multiple mechanisms, including increased polyadenylation efficiency. Journal of Virology 65:6677–6685
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. 1987; Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform ex- traction. Analytical Biochemistry 162:156–159
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Davis R. B., Bozeman L. H., Gaudry D., Fletcher O. J., Lukert P. D., Dykstra M. J. 1981; A viral disease of fledgling budgerigars. Avian Diseases 25:179–183
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Don R. H., Cox P. T., Wainwright B. J., Baker K., Mattick J. S. 1991; ‘Touchdown’ PCR to circumvent spurious priming during gene amplification. Nucleic Acids Research 19:4008
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Frohman M. A., Dush M. K., Martin G. R. 1988; Rapid production of full-length cDNAs from rare transcripts: amplification using a single gene-specific oligonucleotide primer. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesUSA 85:8998–9002
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Ghosh P. K., Piatak M., Mertz J. E., Weissman S. M., Lebowitz P. 1982; Altered utilization of splice sites and 5'termini in late RNAs produced by leader region mutants of simian virus 40. Journal of Virology 44:610–624
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Haung M. T. F., Gorman C. M. 1990; Intervening sequences increase efficiency of RNA 3′ processing and accumulation of cytoplasmic RNA. Nucleic Acids Research 18:937–947
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Hirzmann J., Luo D., Hobom G. 1993; Determination of messenger RNA 5′-ends by reverse transcription of cap structure. Nucleic Acids Research 21:3597–3598
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hyde-DeRuyscher R. P., Carmichael G. G. 1990; Polyomavirus late pre-mRNA processing: DNA-replication-associated changes in leader exon multiplicity suggest a role for leader-to-leader splicing in the early-late switch. Journal of Virology 64:5823–5832
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Jackson R. J., Standart N. 1990; Do the poly(A) tail and 3′ untranslated region control mRNA translation?. Cell 62:15–24
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Leff S. E., Rosenfeld M. G., Evans R. M. 1986; Complex transcriptional units: diversity in gene expression by alternative RNA processing. Annual Review of Biochemistry 55:1091–1117
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Lehn H., Müller H. 1986; Cloning and characterization of budgerigar fledgling disease virus, an avian polyomavirus. Virology 151:362–370
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Luo D., Müller H., Tang X. -B., Hobom G. 1994; Expression and DNA binding of budgerigar fledgling disease virus large T antigen. Journal of General Virology 75:1267–1280
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Muller H., NItschke R. 1986; A polyoma-like vims associated with an acute disease of fledgling budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). Medical Microbiology and Immunology 175:1–13
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Niwa M., Rose S. D., Berget S. M. 1990; In vitro polyadenylation is stimulated by the presence of an upstream intron. Genes and Development 4:1552–1559
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Piatak M., Ghosh P. K., Norkin L. C., Weissman S. M. 1983; Sequences locating the 5′ ends of major simian virus 40 late mRNA forms. Journal of Virology 48:503–520
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Proudfoot N. 1991; Poly(A) signals. Cell 64:671–674
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Rogers J., Wall R. 1980; A mechanism for RNA splicing. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesUSA 77:1877–1879
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Rott O., Kröger M., Müller H., Hobom G. 1988; The genome of budgerigar fledgling disease virus, an avian polyomavirus. Virology 165:74–86
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Ryu W. -S., Mertz J. E. 1989; Simian virus 40 late transcripts lacking excisable intervening sequences are defective in both stability in the nucleus and transport to the cytoplasm. Journal of Virology 63:4368–4394
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Shatkin A. 1976; Capping of eucaryotic mRNAs. Cell 9:645–653
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Stoll R., Luo D., Kouwenhoven B., Hobom G., Muller H. 1993; Molecular and biological characteristics of avian polyoma- viruses : isolates from different species of birds indicate that avian polyomavimses form a distinct subgenus within the polyomavirus genus. Journal of General Virology 74:229–237
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Thach R. E. 1992; Cap recap: the involvement of eIF-4F in regulating gene expression. Cell 68:177–180
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Vallarreal L. P., White R. T. 1983; A splice junction deletion deficient in the transport of RNA does not polyadenylate nuclear RNA. Molecular and Cellular Biology 3:1381–1388
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-1-161
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-76-1-161
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error