1887

Journal of General Virology header logo

Volume 75, Issue 11

Variation in Biological Properties of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Clones Free

Abstract

Infectous clones were prepared from virion DNA of three cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) isolates, 11/3, Xinjiang (XJ), and Aust, to investigate pathogenic variation in virus populations. Of 10 infectious clones obtained for isolate 11/3, four pathotypes were identified, each producing symptoms in turnip that differed from those of the 11/3 wild-type. Virus from two clonal groups of 11/3 was transmissible by aphids whereas that from two others was not. Of the five infectious clones obtained from isolate XJ, two groups were identified, one of which differed symptomatically from the wild- type. Only one infectious clone was obtained from isolate Aust and this had properties similar to the wild- type. Restriction enzyme polymorphisms were found in some clonal groups and these correlated with symptoms. Other groups with different pathogenic properties could not be distinguished apart by restriction site polymorphisms. Further variation was observed in the nucleotide sequences of gene II (coding for aphid transmission factor) from these viruses as compared with other CaMV isolates. In the aphid non-transmissible clones of isolate 11/3, one had a Gly to Arg mutation in gene II similar to that of other non-deleted non-transmissible CaMV isolates. The second had a 322 bp deletion at the site of a small direct repeat similar to that of isolate CM4-184 although occurring in a different position. The gene II deletion of isolate 11/3 produced a frame-shift that separated genes II and III by 60 bp. Most CaMV clones studied remained biologically stable producing similar symptoms during subsequent passages. However, one clone (11/3–7) produced two new biotypes during its first passage suggesting that it was relatively unstable. Our results show that wild-type populations of CaMV contain a range of infectious genome variants with contrasting biological properties and differing stability. We suggest that a variety of significant viral phenotypic changes can occur during each infection cycle resulting from relatively small genome changes.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
© The Journal of General Virology 1994
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-3137
1994-11-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/75/11/JV0750113137.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-3137&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Al-Kaff N. S., Covey S. N. 1994; Biological diversity of cauliflower mosiac virus isolates expressed in two Brassica species. Plant Pathology in press
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Armour S. L., Melcher U., Pirone T. P., Lyttle D. J., Essenberg R. C. 1983; Helper component for aphid transmission encoded by region II of cauliflower mosaic virus DNA. Virology 129:25–30
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Balàzs E., Guilley H., Jonard G., Richards K. 1982; Nucleotide sequence of DNA from an altered-virulence isolate D/H of cauliflower mosaic virus. Gene 19:239–249
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Baughman G., Jacobs J. D., Howell S. H. 1988; Cauliflower mosaic virus gene VI produces a symptomatic phenotype in transgenic tobacco plants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 85:733–737
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Chenault K. D., Melcher U. K. 1993; The complete nucleotide sequence of cauliflower mosaic virus isolate BBC. Gene 123:255–257
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Chenault K. D., Steffens D. L., Melcher U. K. 1992; Nucleotide sequence of cauliflower mosaic virus isolate NY8153. Plant Physiology 100:542–545
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Covey S. N., Hull R. 1992; Genetic engineering with doublestranded DNA viruses. In Genetic Engineering with Plant Viruses pp. 217–249 Davies J. W., Wilson T. M. A. Edited by Boca Raton: CRC Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Covey S. N., Turner D. S., Stratford R., Saunders K., Lucy A., Riseborough S., Ray P. 1991; Contribution of plant and virus genes to cauliflower mosaic virus pathogenicity. In Plant Molecular Biology 2 pp. 1–10 Herrmann R. G., Larkins B. Edited by New York: Plenum Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Daubert S. 1988; Sequence determinants of symptoms in the genomes of plants viruses, viroids, and satellites. Molecular Plant- Microbe Interactions 1:317–325
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Daubert S. D., Schoelz J., Li D., Shepherd R. J. 1984; Expression of disease symptoms in cauliflower mosaic virus genomic hybrids. Journal of Molecular and Applied Genetics 2:537–547
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Delseny M., Hull R. 1983; Isolation and characterisation of faithful and altered clones of the genomes of cauliflower mosaic virus isolates Cabb B-JI, CM4-184 and Bari 1. Plasmid 9:31–41
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Dixon L. K., Hohn T. 1984; Initiation of translation of the cauliflower mosaic virus genome from a polycistronic mRNA: evidence from deletion mutagenesis. EMBO Journal 3:2731–2736
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Dixon L., Nyffenegger T., Delley G., Martinez-Izquierdo J., Hohn T. 1986; Evidence for replicative recombination in cauliflower mosaic virus. Virology 150:463–468
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Fang R., Wu X., Bu M., Tian Y., Cai F., Mang K. 1985; Complete nucleotide sequence of cauliflower mosaic virus (Xinjiang isolate) genomic DNA. Chinese Journal of Virology 1:247–256
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Franck A., Guilley H., Jonard G., Richards K., Hirth L. 1980; Nucleotide sequence of cauliflower mosaic virus DNA. Cell 21:285–294
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Gardner C. O., Melcher V. J. R., Shockey M. W., Essenberg R. C. 1980; Restriction enzyme cleavage maps of the DNA of two cauliflower mosaic virus isolates. Virology 103:250–254
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Gardner R. C., Shepherd R. J. 1980; A procedure for rapid isolation and analysis of cauliflower mosaic virus DNA. Virology 106:159–161
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Gardner R. C., Howarth A. J., Hahn P., Brown-Luedi M., Shepherd R. J., Messing J. 1981; The complete nucleotide sequence of an infectious clone of cauliflower mosaic virus by M13mp7 shotgun sequencing. Nucleic Acids Research 9:2871–2888
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Grimsley N., Hohn T., Hohn B. 1986; Recombination in a plant virus: template-switching in cauliflower mosaic virus. EMBO Journal 5:641–646
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Gronenborn B. 1987; The molecular biology of cauliflower mosaic virus and its application as a plant gene vector. In Plant DNA Infectious Agents pp. 1–29 Hohn T., Schell J. Edited by Wein: Springer-Yerlag;
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Hirochika H., Takatsuji H., Ubasawa A., Ikeda J. E. 1985; Site-specific deletion in cauliflower mosaic virus DNA: possible involvement of RNA splicing and reverse transcription. EMBO Journal 4:1673–1680
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Hohn T., Futterer J. 1991; Pararetroviruses and retroviruses: a comparison of expression strategies. Seminars in Virology 2:55–69
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Howarth A. J., Gardner R. C., Messing J., Shepherd R. J. 1981; Nucleotide sequence of naturally occurring deletion mutants of cauliflower mosaic virus. Virology 112:678–685
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Hull R. 1980; Structure of the cauliflower mosaic virus genome. III. Restriction endonuclease mapping of thirty three isolates. Virology 100:76–90
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Hull R., Will H. 1989; Molecular biology of viral and non-viral retroelements. Trends in Genetics 5:357–359
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Lebeurier G., Whitechurch O., Lesot A., Hirth L. 1978; Physical map of DNA from a new cauliflower mosaic virus strain. Gene 4:213–226
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Melcher U. 1989; Symptoms of cauliflower mosaic virus infection in Arabidopsis thaliana and turnip. Botanic Gazette 150:139–147
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Melcher U. K., Chenault K. D. 1992; Unpublished sequence data submitted to the EMBL Nucleotide Library: entry MCACOMGEN.
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Modjtahedi N., Volovitch M., Mazzolini L., Yot P. 1985; Comparison of the predicted secondary structure of aphid transmission factor for transmissible and non-transmissible cauliflower mosaic virus strains. FEES Letters 181:223–228
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Pennington R. E., Melcher U. 1993; In planta deletion of DNA inserts from the large intergenic region of cauliflower mosaic virus DNA. Virology 192:188–196
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Qiu S. G., Schoelz J. E. 1992; Three regions of cauliflower mosaic virus strain W260 are involved in systemic infection of solanaceous hosts. Virology 190:773–782
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Riederer M. A., Grimsley N. H., Hohn B., Jiricny J. 1992; The mode of cauliflower mosaic virus propagation in the plant allows rapid amplification of viable mutant strains. Journal of General Virology 73:1449–1456
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Sambrook J., Fritsch E. F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular Cloning/ A Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Scholthof H. B., Wu F. C., Richins R. D., Shepherd R. J. 1991; A naturally-occurring deletion mutant of figwort mosaic virus (caulimovirus) is generated by RNA splicing. Virology 184:290–298
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Steinhauer D. A., Holland J. J. 1987; Rapid evolution of RNA viruses. Annual Review of Microbiology 41:409–433
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Stratford R., Covey S. N. 1989; Segregation of cauliflower mosaic virus symptom genetic determinants. Virology 172:451–459
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Stratford R., Plaskitt K. A., Turner D. S., Markham P. G., Covey S. N. 1988; Molecular properties of Bari 1, a mild strain of cauliflower mosaic virus. Journal of General Virology 69:2375–2386
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Vaden V. R., Melcher U. 1990; Recombination sites in cauliflower mosaic virus DNAs: implication for mechanisms of recombination. Virology 177:717–726
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Volovitch M., Drugeon G., Dumas J., Haenni A., Yot P. 1979; A restriction map of cauliflower mosaic virus DNA (strain PV147). European Journal of Biochemistry 100:245–255
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Wintermantel W. M., Anderson E. J., Schoelz J. E. 1993; Identification of domains within gene VI of cauliflower mosaic virus that influence infection of Nicotiana bigelovii in a light-dependent manner. Virology 196:789–798
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Woolston C. J., Covey S. N., Penswick J. R., Davies J. W. 1983; Aphid transmission and a polypeptide are specified by a defined region of the cauliflower mosaic virus genome. Gene 23:15–23
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Woolston C. J., Czaplewski L. G., Markham P. G., Goad A. S., Hull R., Davies J. W. 1987; Location and sequence of a region of cauliflower mosaic virus gene 2 responsible for aphid trans- missibility. Virology 160:246–251
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Zhang X. S., Melcher U. 1989; Competition between isolates and variants of cauliflower mosaic virus in infected turnip plants. Journal of General Virology 70:3427–3437
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-3137
Loading
Variation in Biological Properties of Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Clones
J. Gen. Virol. 75, 3137 (1994); https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-3137
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-3137
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-11-3137
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error