1887

Journal of General Virology header logo

Volume 75, Issue 10

Reactivity of primate sera to foamy virus Gag and Bet proteins Free

Abstract

In order to establish criteria for the serodiagnosis of foamy virus infections we investigated the extent to which sera from infected individuals of human and primate origin react with structural and non-structural virus proteins in immunoblot assays. Using lysates from infected cells as the source of virus antigen, antibodies were preferentially detected against the Gag proteins and the non-structural Bet protein. Both the Gag precursor molecules of 70 and 74K apparent and the cytoplasmic 60K Bet protein were found to be phosphorylated, the latter being synthesized in large amounts in infected cells. Rabbit antiserum raised against recombinant human foamy virus (HFV) Gag major capsid protein cross-reacted with foamy viruses of chimpanzee, gorilla, orang-utan, rhesus monkey and African green monkey origin. This was reflected by a broad cross-reactivity of the respective monkey sera to the Gag proteins of the various foamy virus isolates. Cross-reactivity of antisera against the Bet protein was restricted to viruses from man and the great apes. Recombinant Gag and Bet proteins expressed in prokaryotes or in insect cells were readily recognized by foamy virus-positive primate sera. Screening serum samples from chimpanzees with HFV Gag and Bet proteins expressed by recombinant baculoviruses revealed that 18 out of 35 (52 %) were positive for Gag antibodies. Of these, 13 (72%) showed antibodies against the Bet protein, indicating that Bet antigen is of value in serological screening for foamy virus infections.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
© The Journal of General Virology 1994
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2635
1994-10-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/75/10/JV0750102635.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2635&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Achong B. G., Mansell P. W. A., Epstein M. A., Clifford P. 1971; An unusual virus in cultures from a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 46:299–307
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Achong B. G., Epstein M. A. 1978; Preliminary sero-epidemiological studies on the human syncytial virus. Journal of General Virology 40:175–181
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Aguzzi A. 1993; The foamy virus family: molecular biology, epidemiology and neuropathology. Biochimica et biophysica acta 1155:1–24
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Aguzzi A., Wagner E. F., Netzer K.-O., Bothe K., Anhauser I., Rethwilm A. 1993; Human foamy virus proteins accumulate in neurons and induce multinucleated giant cells in the brain of transgenic mice. American Journal of Pathology 142:1061–1072
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Allan J. S., Coligan J. E., Lee T.-H., Mclane M. F., Kanki P. J., Groopman J. E., Essex M. 1985; A new HTLV/LAV encoded antigen detected by antibodies from AIDS patients. Science 230:810–813
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bartholomä A., Muranyi W., Flügel R. M. 1992; Bacterial expression of the capsid antigen domain and identification of native gag proteins in spumavirus-infected cells. Virus Research 23:27–38
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Baunach G., Maurer B., Hahn H., Kranz M., Rethwilm A. 1993; Functional analysis of human foamy virus accessory reading frames. Journal of Virology 67:5411–5418
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Benzair A. B., Rhodes-Feuillette A., Lasneret J., Emanoil-Ravier R., Peries J. 1986; Purification and characterization of simian foamy virus type I structural core polypeptides. Archives of Virology 87:87–96
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Brown P., Nemo G., Gajdusek D. C. 1978; Human foamy virus: further characterization, seroepidemiology, and relationship to chimpanzee foamy viruses. Journal of Infectious Diseases 137:412–427
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Burnette B., Yu G., Fested R. L. 1993; Phosphorylation of HIV-1 gag proteins by protein kinase C. Journal of Biological Chemistry 12:8698–8703
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Cameron K. R., Birchall S. M., Moses M. A. 1978; Isolation of foamy virus from patient with dialysis encephalopathy. Lancet ii:796
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Chirgwin J. M., Przybla A. E., Macdonald R. J., Rutter W. J. 1979; Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry 18:5294–5299
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Coffin J. 1990; Retroviridae and their replication. In Virology 2 pp 1437–1500 Fields B. N., Knipe D. M. Edited by New York: Raven Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Cullen B. R. 1991; Human immundeficiency virus as a prototypic complex retrovirus. Journal of Virology 65:1053–1056
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Daniel M. D., Letvin N. L., Kino N. W., Kannagi M., Sehgal P. K., Hunt R. D., Kanki P. J., Essex M., Desrosiers R. C. 1985; Isolation of T-cell tropic HTLV-III-like retrovirus from macaques. Science 228:1201–1204
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Ellinger S., Glockshuber R., Jahn G., Plückthun A. 1989; Cleavage of procaryotically expressed human immunodeficiency virus fusion proteins by factor Xa and application in Western blot (immunoblot) assays. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 27:971–976
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Essex M., Allan J., Kanki P., Mclane M. F., Malone G., Kitchen L., Lee T. H. 1985; Antigens of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. Annals of Internal Medicine 103:700–703
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Flügel R. M. 1993; The molecular biology of the human spuma-virus. In Human Retroviruses - Frontiers in Molecular Biology pp. 193–214 Cullen B. R. Edited by Oxford: Oxford University Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Flügel R. M., Rethwilm A., Maurer B., Darai G. 1987; Nucleotide sequence analysis of the env gene and its flanking regions of the human spumaretrovirus reveals two novel genes. EMBO Journal 6:2077–2084
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Flügel R. M., Rethwilm A., Mauerer B., Darai G. 1990; Nucleotide sequence analysis of the env gene and its flanking regions of the human spumaretrovirus reveals two novel genes (Corri-gendum). EMBO Journal 9:3806
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Gaines H., Sönnerborg A., Czajkowski J., Chiodi F., Fenyö E. M., von Sydow M., Albert J., Pehrson P. O., Moberg L., Asjö B., Forsgren M. 1987; Antibody response in primary human immunodeficiency virus infection. Lancet i:1249–1253
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Giron M. L., Rozain F., Debons-Guillemin M.-C., Canivet M., Peries J., Emanoil-Ravier R. 1993; Human foamy virus polypeptides: identification of env and bel gene products. Journal of Virology 67:3596–3600
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Grunstein M., Hogness D. 1975; Colony hybridization: a method for the isolation of cloned DNAs that contain a specific gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 72:3961–3965
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Gubler U., Hofman B. J. 1983; A simple and very efficient method for generating cDNA libraries. Gene 25:263–269
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Herchenröder O., Renne R., Loncar D., Cobb E. K., Murthy K. K., Schneider J., Mergia A., Luciw P. A. 1994; Isolation, cloning, and sequencing of simian foamy virus from chimpanzees (SFVcpz): high homology to human foamy virus (HFV). Virology 201:187–199
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Hooks J. J., Gibbs C. J. 1975; The foamy viruses. Bacteriological Reviews 39:169–185
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Hooks J. J., Detrick-Hooks B. 1981; Spumavirinae: foamy virus group infections: comparative aspects and diagnosis. In Comparative Diagnosis of Viral Diseases pp. 599–618 Kurstak K., Kurstak C. Edited by San Diego: Academic Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Kupuec J.-J., Kay A., Hayat M., Ravier R., Peries J., Galibert F. 1991; Sequence analysis of the simian foamy virus type 1 genome. Gene 101:185–194
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Leis J., Phillips N., Fu X., Tuazon P., Traugh J. A. 1989; Phosphorylation of avian retrovirus matrix protein by Ca2+/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase. European Journal of Biochemistry 179:415–422
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Livingstone C., Jones I. 1989; Baculovirus expression vectors with single strand capability. Nucleic Acids Research 17:2366
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Löchelt M., Zentgraf H., Flügel R. M. 1991; Construction of an infectious DNA clone of the full-length human spumaretrovirus genome and mutagenesis of the bel 1 gene. Virology 184:43–54
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Löchelt M., Muranyi W., Flügel R. M. 1993; Human foamy virus genome possesses an internal, Bel-1-dependent and functional promoter. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 90:7317–7321
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Löchelt M., Flügel R. M., Aboud M. 1994; The human foamy virus internal promoter directs the expression of the functional bel 1 transactivator and bet protein early after infection. Journal of Virology 68:638–645
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Loh P. C. 1993; Spumavirinae. In The Retroviridae pp. 361–397 Levy J. A. Edited by New York: Plenum Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Loh P. C., Matsuura F., Mizumoto C. 1980; Seroepidemiology of human syncytial virus: antibody prevalence in the Pacific. Intervirology 13:87–90
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Mahnke C., Löchelt M., Bannert H., Flügel R. M. 1990; Specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to the human spumavirus. Journal of Virological Methods 29:13–22
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Mahnke C., Kashaiya P., Rössler J., Bannert H., Levin A., Blattner W. A., Dietrich M., Luande J., Löchelt M., Friedman-Kien A. E., Komaroff A. L., Loh P. C., Westarp M.-E., Flügel R. M. 1992; Human spumarvirus antibodies in sera from African patients. Archives of Virology 123:243–253
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Matsuura Y., Possee R. D., Overton H. A., Bishop D. H. L. 1987; Baculovirus expression vectors: the requirements for high level expression of proteins, including glycoproteins. Journal of General Virology 68:1233–1250
     [Google Scholar]
  39. Maurer B., Bannert H., Darai G., Flügel R. M. 1988; Analysis of the primary structure of the long terminal repeat and the gag and pol genes of the human spumaretrovirus. Journal of Virology 62:1590–1597
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Mergia A. 1994; Simian foamy virus type 1 contains a second promoter located at the 3′ end of the env gene. Virology 199:219–222
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Mergia A., Luciw P. 1991; Replication and regulation of primate foamy viruses. Virology 184:475–482
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Mergia A., Shaw K. E. S., Lackner J. E., Luciw P. 1990; Relationship of the env genes and the endonuclease domain of the pol genes of simian foamy virus type 1 and human foamy virus. Journal of Virology 64:406–410
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Mergia A., Shaw K. E. S., Pratt-Lowe E., Barry P. A., Luciw P. 1991; Identification of the simian foamy virus transcriptional transactivator gene (taf). Journal of Virology 65:2903–2909
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Muller H. K., Ball G., Epstein M. A., Achong B. G., Lenoir G., Levin A. 1980; The prevalence of naturally occurring antibodies to human syncytial virus in East African populations. Journal of General Virology 47:399–406
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Nemo G. J., Brown P. W., Gibbs C. J., Gajdusek D. C. 1978; Antigenic relationship of human foamy virus to the simian foamy viruses. Infection and Immunity 20:69–72
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Netzer K.-O., Rethwilm A., Maurer B., ter Meulen V. 1990; Identification of the major immunogenic structural proteins of human foamy virus. Journal of General Virology 71:1237–1241
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Netzer K.-O., Schliephake A., Maurer B., Watanabe R., Aguzzi A., Rethwilm A. 1993; Identification of pol-related gene products of human foamy virus. Virology 192:336–338
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Neumann-Haefelin D., Rethwilm A., Bauer G., Gudat F., zur Hausen H. 1983; Characterization of a foamy virus isolated from Cercopithecus aethiops lymphoblastoic cells. Medical Microbiology and Immunology 172:75–86
     [Google Scholar]
  49. Neumann-Haefelin D., Fleps U., Renne R., Schweizer M. 1993; Foamy viruses. Intervirology 35:196–207
     [Google Scholar]
  50. Possee R. D., Howard S. C. 1987; Analysis of the polyhedrin gene promoter of the Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Nucleic Acids Research 15:10233–10248
     [Google Scholar]
  51. Renne R., Friedl E., Schweizer M., Fleps U., Turek R., Neumann-Haefelin D. 1992; Genomic organization and expression of simian foamy virus type 3 (SFV-3). Virology 186:597–608
     [Google Scholar]
  52. Rethwilm A. 1994; Regulation of foamy virus gene expression. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology in press
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Rethwilm A., Baunach G., Netzer K.-O., Maurer B., Borisch B., ter Meulen V. 1990; Infectious DNA of the human spumaretrovirus. Nucleic Acids Research 18:733–738
     [Google Scholar]
  54. Rethwilm A., Erlwein O., Baunach G., Maurer B., ter Meulen V. 1991; The transcriptional transactivator of human foamy virus maps to the bell genomic region. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 88:941–945
     [Google Scholar]
  55. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. 1977; DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 74:5463–5467
     [Google Scholar]
  56. Schliephake A. W., Rethwilm A. 1994; Nuclear localization of foamy virus gag precursor protein. Journal of Virology 68:4946–4956
     [Google Scholar]
  57. Schochetman G., Epstein J. S., Zuck T. F. 1989; Serodiagnosis of infection with the AIDS virus and other human retroviruses. Annual Review of Microbiology 43:629–659
     [Google Scholar]
  58. Smith D. B., Johnson K. S. 1988; Single-step purification of polypeptides expressed in Escherichia coli as fusions with glutathione S-transferase. Gene 57:31–40
     [Google Scholar]
  59. Stancek D., Stancekova-Gressnerova M., Janotka M., Hnilica P., Oravec D. 1975; Isolation and some serological and epidemiological data on the viruses recovered from patients with subacute thyroiditis de Quervain. Medical Microbiology and Immunology 161:133–144
     [Google Scholar]
  60. Teich N. 1984; Taxonomy of retroviruses. In RNA Tumor Viruses 1 pp. 25–207 Weiss R., Teich N., Varmus H., Coffin J. Edited by New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
     [Google Scholar]
  61. Vaishnav Y. N., Wong-Staal F. 1991; The biochemistry of AIDS. Annual Review of Biochemistry 60:577–630
     [Google Scholar]
  62. Venkatesh L. K., Yang C., Theodorakis P. A., Chinnadurai G. 1993; Functional dissection of the human spumaretrovirus trans-activator identifies distinct classes of dominant-negative mutants. Journal of Virology 67:161–169
     [Google Scholar]
  63. Werner J., Gelderblom H. 1979; Isolation of foamy virus from patient with de Quervain thyroiditis. Lancet ii:258–259
     [Google Scholar]
  64. Westarp M. E., Kornhuber H. H., Rössler J., Flügel R. M. 1992; Human spumaretrovirus antibodies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research 1:1–4
     [Google Scholar]
  65. Wick G., Trieb K., Aguzzi A., Recheis H., Anderl H., Grubeck-Loebenstein B. 1993; Possible role of human foamy virus in Graves’ disease. Intervirology 35:101–107
     [Google Scholar]
  66. Young D., Samuels J., Clarke J. K. 1973; A foamy virus of possible human origin isolated in BHK-21 cells. Archiv fur die Gesamte Virusforschung 42:228–234
     [Google Scholar]
  67. Yu S. F., Linial M. 1993; Analysis of the role of the bel and bet open reading frames of human foamy virus by using a new quantitative assay. Journal of Virology 67:6618–6624
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2635
Loading
Reactivity of primate sera to foamy virus Gag and Bet proteins
J. Gen. Virol. 75, 2635 (1994); https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2635
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2635
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-75-10-2635
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error