1887

Abstract

Three cynomolgus macaques were immunized with recombinant envelope protein preparations derived from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Although humoral and cellular responses were elicited by the immunization regime, all macaques became infected upon challenge with 10 MID of the 11/88 virus challenge stock of SIVmac251-32H. The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify proviral SIV gp120 sequences present in the blood of both immunized and control macaques at 2 months post-infection. A comparison of the predominant sequences found in the region from V2 to V5 of gp120 failed to differentiate provirus recovered from either immunized or control animals. A detailed investigation of sequences obtained from the hypervariable V1 region identified a mixture of sequences in both immunized and control macaques. Some sequences were identical to those previously detected in the virus challenge stock, whereas others had not been detected previously. Phenogram analysis of the new V1 sequences found in immunized animals revealed that they were quite distinct from those from the virus challenge stock and that they included alterations to potential -linked glycosylation sites. In contrast, new sequence variants recovered from the control animals were closely related to sequences from the virus challenge stock. The difference in diversity of new V1 sequences recovered from immunized and control macaques was highly significant ( < 0.001). Thus, the presence of preexisting immune responses to SIV envelope protein is associated with greater genetic change in the V1 region of gp120. These data are discussed in relation to the epitopes of SIV gp120 that may confer protection from challenge.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-5-865
1993-05-01
2024-04-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/74/5/JV0740050865.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-5-865&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Almond N., Jenkins A., Slade A., Heath A., Cranage M., Kitchin P. 1992a; Population sequence analysis of a simian immunodeficiency virus (32H re-isolate of SIVmac251): a virus stock used for international vaccine studies. AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 8:77–88
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Almond N., Jenkins A., Heath A. B., Taffs F., Kitchin P. 1992b; The genetic evolution of the envelope gene of simian immunodeficiency virus in cynomolgus macaques infected with a complex virus pool. Virology 191:996–1002
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Almond N., Jones S., Heath A. B., Kitchin P. 1992c; The assessment of nucleotide sequence diversity by the polymerase chain reaction is highly reproducible. Journal of Virological Methods 40:37–44
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Berman P. W., Gregory T. J., Riddle L., Nakmura G. R., Champe M. A., Porter J. P., Wurm F. M., Hershberg R. D., Cobb E. K., Eichberg J. W. 1990; Protection of chimpanzees from infection by HIV-1 after vaccination with recombinant glycoprotein gpl20, but not gpl60. Nature, London 345:622–625
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Burns D. P. W., Desrosiers R. C. 1991; Selection of genetic variants of simian immunodeficiency virus in persistently infected rhesus monkeys. Journal of Virology 65:1843–1845
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Cranage M. P., Cook N., Johnstone P., Greenaway P., Kitchin P., Stott E. J., Almond N., Baskerville A. 1990 SIV infection of rhesus macaques: in vivo titration of infectivity and development of an experimental vaccine. In Proceedings of the International TNO Meeting on Animal Models in AIDS pp. 103–113 Edited by Horzinek M. C., Schellekens H. Amsterdam: Elsevier;
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Desrosiers R. C. 1988; Simian immunodeficiency viruses. Annual Review of Microbiology 42: pp. 607–625
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Emini E. A., Schleif W. A., Nunberg J. H., Conley A. J., Eda Y., Tokiyoshi S., Putney S. D., Matsushita S., Cobb K. E., Jett C. M., Eichberg J. W., Murthy K. K. 1992; Prevention of HIV-1 infection in chimpanzees by gpl20 V3 domain-specific monoclonal antibody. Nature, London 355:728–730
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Gardner M. B., Stott E. J. 1990; Progress in the development of SIV vaccines: review. AIDS 4:S137–S141
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hu S.-L., Abrams K., Barber G. N., Moran P., Zarling J. M., Langlois A. J., Kuller L., Morton W. R., Benveniste R. E. 1992; Protection of macaques against SIV infection by subunit vaccines of the SIV envelope glycoprotein gpl60. Science 255:456–459
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Johnson P. R., Hamm T. E., Goldstein S., Kitov S., Hirsch V. M. 1991; The genetic fate of molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus in experimentally infected macaques. Virology 185:217–228
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Jones W., Barnard A. L., Slade A., Mills K. H. G. 1992; Heterogeneity in the recognition of the SIV envelope glycoprotein by CD4+ T cell clones from immunized macaques. Journal of Immunology 149:3120–3126
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kitchin P. A., Cranage M. P., Baskerville A., Greenaway P., Taffs F., Mills K. H. G., Page M., Almond N., Grief C., Corcoran T., Jenkins A., Ling C., Mahon B., McAlpine L., Silvera P., Szotyori Z., Stott E. J. 1990a Titration of SIVmac251 (32H isolate) in cynomolgus macaques for use as a challenge in vaccination studies. In Proceedings of the International TNO Meeting on Animal Models in AIDS Edited by Horzinek M. C., Schellekens H. Amsterdam: Elsevier;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kitchin P. A., Almond N., Szotyori Z., Fromholc C. E., McAlpine L., Silvera P., Stott E. J., Cranage M. P., Baskerville A., Schild G. C. 1990b; The use of the polymerase chain reaction for detection of simian immunodeficiency virus in experimentally infected macaques. Journal of Virological Methods 28:85–100
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Marthas M. L., Banapour B., Sutijipto S., Siegel M. E., Marx P. A., Gardner M. B., Pedersen N. C., Luciw P. A. 1989; Rhesus macaques inoculated with molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Medical Primatology 18:311–319
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Nei M. 1987 Molecular Evolutionary Genetics New York: Columbia University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Overbaugh J., Rudensy L. M., Papenhausen M. D., Beneviste R. E., Morton W. R. 1991; Variation in simian immunodeficiency virus env is confined to VI and V4 during progression to simian AIDS. Journal of Virology 65:7025–7031
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Phillips R. E., Rowland-Jones S., Nixon D. F., Gotch F. M., Edwards J. P., Ogulessi A. O., Elvin J. G., Rothbard J. A., Bangham C. R., Rizza C. R., McMichael A. J. 1991; Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition. Nature, London 354:453–459
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Skehel J. J., Stevens D. J., Daniels R. S., Douglas A. R., Knossow A. M., Wilson I. A., Wiley D. R. 1984; A carbohydrate side chain on hemagglutinin of Hong Kong influenza viruses inhibits recognition by a monoclonal antibody. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 81:1779–1783
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Stott E. J., Chan W. L., Mills K. H. G., Page M., Taffs E., Cranage M., Greenaway P., Kitchin P. 1990; Preliminary report: protection of cynomolgus macaques against simian immunodeficiency virus by fixed infected cell vaccine. Lancet 336:1538–1541
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Stott E. J., Cranage M., Kitchin P., Farrar G., Taffs F., Ashworth E., Page M., Chan L., Greenaway P., Mills K. H. G. 1991 Vaccination against simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques. In Sixième Colloque des Cents Gardes pp. 261–266 Edited by Girard M., Valette L. Fondation Merieux;
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-5-865
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-74-5-865
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error