@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-9-2273, author = "Voss, Gerald and Nick, Sigrid and Stahl-Hennig, Christiane and Coulibaly, Cheick and Petry, Harald and Lüke, Wolfgang and Hunsmann, Gerhard", title = "Potential significance of the cellular immune response against the macaque strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMAC) in immunized and infected rhesus macaques", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "1992", volume = "73", number = "9", pages = "2273-2281", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-73-9-2273", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-9-2273", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "The cellular immune response of seven rhesus macaques immunized with Tween-ether-treated macaque strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVMAC) and three non-vaccinated control animals was investigated. Immunization elicited antigen-specific proliferating CD4+ cells in five of seven monkeys. Proliferating T cells were found in all animals protected from a first virus challenge. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were not induced by the immunization. After the second challenge, the four formerly protected animals became infected, despite a strong proliferative CD4+ cell activity in three of them. All animals lost their proliferative activity 2 weeks after infection. After the first challenge four of the six infected animals exhibited a CTL response and after the second challenge, one of four newly infected macaques acquired a CTL response. The five animals with a CTL activity against SIVMAC proteins were protected from severe thrombo-cytopenia, which appeared in the five CTL-negative animals after infection. Our data show the induction of proliferative T cells by immunization with soluble SIVMAC antigen. This T cell reactivity was found in all animals protected from the first virus challenge, but did not confer protection from the second challenge. Interestingly, the proliferative T cell reactivity disappeared 2 weeks after virus infection. Furthermore a CTL response against viral proteins seems to protect infected animals from severe thrombocytopenia which is an early sign of AIDS in monkeys.", }