1887

Abstract

Circularized DNA species containing two long terminal repeat circle junctions were analysed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. The circle junction fragments found could be classified into four groups: fragments containing a normal circle junction, fragments with deletions at the circle junction, fragments containing the primer binding site inserted at the circle junction, and fragments containing insertions at the circle junction derived from other regions of the HIV-1 genome.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-6-1537
1992-06-01
2024-10-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/73/6/JV0730061537.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-6-1537&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Boom R., Sol C. J. A., Salimans M. M. M., Jansen C. L., Wertheim-van Dillen P. M. E., van der Noordaa J. 1990; A rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28:495–503
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Brown P. O., Bowerman B., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M. 1987; Correct integration of retroviral DNA in vitro. Cell 49:347–356
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brown P. O., Bowerman B., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M. 1989; Retroviral integration: structure of the initial covalent product and its precursor, and a role for the viral IN protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 86:2525–2529
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bushman F. D., Craigie R. 1991; Activities of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) integration protein in vitro’, specific cleavage and integration of HIV DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 88:1339–1343
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Coffin J. M. 1990; Retroviridae and their replication. In Virology pp 1437–1500 Edited by Fields B. N., Knipe D. M. New York: Raven Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Colicelli J., Goff S. P. 1986; Structure of a cloned circular retroviral DNA containing a tRNA sequence between the terminal repeats. Journal of Virology 57:674–677
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Colicelli J., Goff S. P. 1988; Sequence and spacing requirements of a retrovirus integration site. Journal of Molecular Biology 199:47–59
    [Google Scholar]
  8. de Wolf F., Lange J. M. A., Houweling J. T. M., Coutinho R. A., Schellekens P. T., van der Noordaa J., Goudsmit J. 1988; Numbers of CD4+ cells and the levels of core antigens of and antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus as predictors of AIDS among seropositive homosexual men. Journal of Infectious Diseases 158:615–622
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Dhar R., McClements W. L., Enquist L. W., vande Woude G. F. 1980; Nucleotide sequences of integrated Moloney sarcoma provirus long terminal repeats and their host and viral junctions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 77:3937–3941
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Ellis J., Bernstein A. 1989; Retrovirus vectors containing an internal attachment site: evidence that circles are not intermediates to murine retrovirus integration. Journal of Virology 63:2844–2846
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Flavell A. J., Ish-Horowicz D. 1983; The origin of extra-chromosomal circular copia elements. Cell 34:415–419
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Fujiwara T., Mizuuchi K. 1988; Retroviral DNA integration: structure of an integration intermediate. Cell 54:497–504
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hong T., Drlica K., Pinter A., Murphy E. 1991; Circular DNA of human immunodeficiency virus: analysis of circle junction nucleotide sequences. Journal of Virology 65:551–555
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Ju G., Skalka A. M. 1980; Nucleotide sequence analysis of the long terminal repeat (LTR) of avian retroviruses: structural similarities with transposable elements. Cell 22:379–386
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Jurriaans S., Dekker J. T., De Ronde A. 1992; HIV-1 viral DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of seroconverters and long-term infected individuals. AIDS (in press)
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Katz R. A., Omer C. A., Weis J. H., Mitsialis S. A., Faras A. J., Guntaka R. V. 1982; Restriction endonuclease and nucleotide sequence analyses of molecularly cloned unintegrated avian tumor virus DNA: structure of large terminal repeats in circle junctions. Journal of Virology 42:346–351
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kulkosky J., Skalka A. M. 1990; HIV DNA integration: observations and inferences. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 3:839–851
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kulkosky J., Katz R. A., Skalka A. M. 1990; Terminal nucleotides of the preintegrative linear form of HIV-1 DNA deduced from the sequence of circular DNA junctions. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 3:852–858
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lobel L. I., Murphy J. E., Goff S. P. 1989; The palindromic LTR-LTR junction of Moloney murine leukemia virus is not an efficient substrate for proviral integration. Journal of Virology 63:2629–2637
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Myers G., Rabson A. B., Josephs S. F., Smith T. F., Berzofsky J. A., Wong-Staal F. 1989 Human Retroviruses and AIDS. A Compilation and Analysis of Nucleic Acid and Amino Acid Sequences Los Alamos: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics;
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Olsen J. C., Swanstrom R. 1985; A new pathway in the generation of defective retrovirus DNA. Journal of Virology 56:779–789
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Ou C.-Y., Kwok S., Mitchell S. W., Mack D. H., Sninsky J. J., Krebs J. W., Feorino P., Warfield D., Schochetman G. 1988; DNA amplification for direct detection of HIV-1 in DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Science 239:295–297
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Pang S., Koyanagi Y., Miles S., Wiley C., Vinters H. V., Chen I. S. Y. 1990; High levels of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA in brain tissue of AIDS dementia patients. Nature, London 343:85–89
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Panganiban A. T., Fiore D. 1988; Ordered interstrand and intrastrand DNA transfer during reverse transcription. Science 241:1064–1069
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Pauza C. D. 1990; Two bases are deleted from the termini of HIV-1 linear DNA during integrative recombination. Virology 179:886–889
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Pauza C. D., Galindo J. 1989; Persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of monoblastoid cells leads to accumulation of self-integrated viral DNA and to production of defective virions. Journal of Virology 63:3700–3707
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Ratner L., Haseltine W., Patarca R., Livak K. J., Starcich B., Josephs S. F., Doran E. R., Rafalski J. A., Whitehorn E. A., Baumeister K., Ivanoff L., Petteway S. R. Jr, Pearson M. L., Lautenberger J. A., Papas T. S., Ghrayeb J., Chang N. T., Gallo R. C., Wong-Staal F. 1985; Complete nucleotide sequence of the AIDS virus, HTLV-III. Nature, London 313:277–284
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Roth M. J., Schwartzberg P. L., Goff S. P. 1989; Structure of the termini of DNA intermediates in the integration of retroviral DNA: dependence on IN function and terminal DNA sequence. Cell 58:47–54
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Saiki R. K., Gelfand D. H., Stoffel S., Scharf S. J., Higuchi R., Horn G. T., Mullis K. B., Erlich H. A. 1988; Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science 239:487–491
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Shank P. R., Varmus H. E. 1978; Virus-specific DNA in the cytoplasm of avian sarcoma virus-infected cells is a precursor to covalently closed circular viral DNA in the nucleus. Journal of Virology 25:104–114
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Shoemaker C., Goff S., Gilboa E., Paskind M., Mitra S. W., Baltimore D. 1980; Structure of a cloned circular Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA molecule containing an inverted segment: implications for retrovirus integration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 77:3932–3936
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Shoemaker C., Hoffmann J., Goff S. P., Baltimore D. 1981; Intramolecular integration within Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA. Journal of Virology 40:164–172
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Smith J. S., Kim S., Roth M. J. 1990; Analysis of long terminal repeat circle junctions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Journal of Virology 64:6286–6290
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Varmus H. 1988; Retroviruses. Science 240:1427–1435
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Varmus H., Swanstrom R. 1984; Replication of retroviruses. In RNA Tumor Viruses pp 369–512 Edited by Weiss R., Teich N., Varmus H., Coffin J. New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Whitcomb J. M., Kumar R., Hughes S. H. 1990; Sequence of the circle junction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: implications for reverse transcription and integration. Journal of Virology 644903–4906
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-6-1537
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-73-6-1537
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error