Detection and typing of human papillomaviruses present in fixed and stained archival cervical smears by a consensus polymerase chain reaction and direct sequence analysis allow the identification of a broad spectrum of human papillomavirus types

References

1. Bauer H. M., Ting Y., Greer C. E., Chambers J. C., Tashiro C. J., Chimera J., Reingold A., Manos M. M. 1991; Genital human papillomavirus infection in female university students as determined by a PCR-based method. Journal of the American Medical Association 265:472–477
   [Google Scholar]
2. Boom R., Sol C. J. A., Salimans M. M. M., Jansen C. L., Wertheim-van Dillen P. M. E., van der Noordaa J. 1990; Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28:495–503
   [Google Scholar]
3. Cole S. T., Danos O. 1987; Nucleotide sequence and comparative analysis of the human papillomavirus type 18 genome. Phytogeny of papillomaviruses and repeated structure of the E6 and E7 gene products. Journal of Molecular Biology 193:599–608
   [Google Scholar]
4. Cole S. T., Streeck R. E. 1986; Genome organization and nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 33, which is associated with cervical cancer. Journal of Virology 58:991–995
   [Google Scholar]
5. Cornelissen M. T. E., van den Tweel J. G., Struyk A. P. B. H., Jebbink M. F., Briët M., van der Noordaa J., ter Schegget J. 1989; Localization of human papillomavirus type 16 DNA using the polymerase chain reaction in the cervix uteri of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Journal of General Virology 70:2555–2562
   [Google Scholar]
6. Cornelissen M. T. E., Bots T., Briet M. A., Jebbink M. F., Struyk A. P. H. B., van den Tweel J. G., Greer C. E., Smits H. L., ter Schegget J. 1992; Detection of human papillomavirus types by the polymerase chain reaction and the differentiation between high-risk and low-risk cervical lesions. Virchows Archie B (in press)
   [Google Scholar]
7. Danos O., Katinka M., Yaniv M. 1982; Human papillomavirus la DNA sequence: a novel type of genome organization among Papovaviridae. EMBO Journal 1:231–236
   [Google Scholar]
8. Dartmann K., Schwarz E., Gissmann L., zur Hausen H. 1986; The nucleotide sequence and genome organization of human papillomavirus type 11. Virology 151:124–130
   [Google Scholar]
9. de Villiers E. M. 1989; Heterogeneity of the human papillomavirus group. Journal of Virology 63:4898–4903
   [Google Scholar]
10. Ferenczy A. 1982; Carcinoma and other malignant tumors of the cervix. In Pathology of the Female Tract pp. 184–222 Edited by Blaustein A. Wien & New York: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
11. Fuchs P. G., Iftner T., Weninger J., Pfifster H. 1986; Epidermodysplasia verruciformis-associated human papillomavirus 8: genomic sequence and comparative analysis. Journal of Virology 58:626–634
    [Google Scholar]
12. Goldsborough M. D., Di-Silvestre D., Temple G. F., Lorincz A. T. 1989; Nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 31: a cervical neoplasia-associated virus. Virology 171:306–311
    [Google Scholar]
13. Higgins D. G., Sharp P. M. 1988; Clustal: a program package for performing multiple alignments on a microcomputer. Gene 73:237–244
    [Google Scholar]
14. Hirsch-Behnam A., Delius H., de Villiers E.-M. 1990; A comparative sequence analysis of two human papillomavirus (HPV) types 2a and 57. Virus Research 18:81–98
    [Google Scholar]
15. Hirt L., Hirsch-Behnam A., de Villiers E. M. 1990; Nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 41: an unusual HPV type without a typical E2 binding site consensus sequence. Virus Research 18:179–190
    [Google Scholar]
16. Kirii Y., Iwamoto S. I., Matsukura T. 1991; Human papillomavirus type 58 DNA sequence. Virology 185:424–427
    [Google Scholar]
17. Kiyono T., Adachi A., Ishibashi M. 1990; Genome organization and taxonomic position of human papillomavirus type 47 inferred from its DNA sequence. Virology 177:401–405
    [Google Scholar]
18. Kwok S., Kellogg D. E., McKinney N., Spasic D., Goda L., Levenson C., Sninsky J. J. 1990; Effects of primer-template mismatches on the polymerase chain reaction: human immuno-deficiency virus type 1 model studies. Nucleic Acids Research 18:9991005
    [Google Scholar]
19. Ley C., Bauer H. M., Reingold A., Schiffmen M. H., Chambers J. C., Tashiro C. T., Manos M. M. 1991; Determination of genital papillomavirus infection in young women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 83:997–1003
    [Google Scholar]
20. Li C.-C. H., Gilden R. V., Showalter S. D., Shah K. V. 1988; Identification of the human papillomavirus E2 protein in genital tract tissues. Journal of Virology 62:606–609
    [Google Scholar]
21. Lungu O., Crum C. P., Silvester S. 1991; Biological properties and nucleotide sequence analysis of human papillomavirus type 51. Journal of Virology 65:4216–4225
    [Google Scholar]
22. Manos M. M, Ting Y., Wright D. K., Lewis A. J., Broker T. R., Wolinsky S. M. 1989; The use of polymerase chain reaction amplification for the detection of genital human papillomaviruses. Cancer Cells 7:209–214
    [Google Scholar]
23. Manos M., Lee K., Greer C., Waldman J., Kiviat N., Holmes K., Wheeler C. 1990; Looking for human papillomavirus type 16 by PCR. Lancet 335:734–735
    [Google Scholar]
24. Meanwell C. A., Blackledge G., Cox M. F., Maitland N. J. 1987; HPV 16 DNA in normal and malignant cervical epithelium: implications for the aetiology and behaviour of cervical neoplasia. Lancet i:703–707
    [Google Scholar]
25. Munoz N., Bosch X., Kaldor J. M. 1988; Does human papillomavirus cause cervical cancer? The state of the epidemiological evidence. British Journal of Cancer 57:1–5
    [Google Scholar]
26. Philipp W., Honore N., Sapp M., Cole S. T., Streeck R. F. 1992; Human papillomavirus type 42: new sequences, conserved genome organization. Virology 186:331–334
    [Google Scholar]
27. Rakoczy P., Sterrett G., Kulski J., Whitaker D., Hutchinson L., Mackenzie J., Pixley E. 1990; Time trends in the prevalence of human papillomavirus infections in archival Papanicolaou smears: analysis by cytology, DNA hybridization, and polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Medical Virology 32:10–17
    [Google Scholar]
28. Resnick R. M., Cornelissen M. T. E., Wright D. K., Eichinger G. H., Fox H. S., ter Schegget J., Manos M. M. 1990; Detection and typing of HPV in archival cervical cancer specimens using DNA amplification consensus primers. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 82:1477–1484
    [Google Scholar]
29. Riou G., Favre M., Jeannel D., Bourhis J., Le Doussal V., Orth G. 1990; Association between poor prognosis in early-stage invasive cervical carcinomas and non-detection of HPV DNA. Lancet 335:1171–1174
    [Google Scholar]
30. Saiki R. K., Chano C. A., Levenson C. H., Warren T. C., Boehm C. D., Kazazian H. H., Erlich H. A. 1988; Diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia with enzymatically amplified DNA and nonradioactive allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. New England Journal of Medicine 319:537–541
    [Google Scholar]
31. Schwarz E., Durst M., Demankowski C., Lattermann O., Zech R., Wolfsperger E., Suhai S., zur Hausen H. 1983; DNA sequence and genome organization of genital human papillomavirus type 6b. EMBO Journal 2:2341–2348
    [Google Scholar]
32. Seedorf K., Krammer G., Durst M., Suhai S., Rowekamp W. G. 1985; Human papillomavirus type 16 DNA sequence. Virology 145:181–185
    [Google Scholar]
33. Shibata D., Martin W. J., Appleman M. D., Causey D. M., Leedom J. M., Arnheim N. 1988; Detection of cytomegalovirus DNA in peripheral blood of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 158:1185–1191
    [Google Scholar]
34. Syrjanen K., Syrjanen S. 1988; Morphological relationship of papillomavirus infections to cervical, vulvar and penile cancer. In Herpes and Papillomaviruses vol II pp. 179–198 Edited by De Palo G., Rilke F. zur Hausen H. New York: Raven Press;
    [Google Scholar]
35. Tham K. M., Chow V. T. K., Singh P., Tock E. P. C., Ching K. C., Lim-Tan S. K., Sing I. T. Y., Bernard H. U. 1991; Diagnostic sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization for the detection of human papillomavirus DNA in biopsy specimens from cervical lesions. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 95:638–646
    [Google Scholar]
36. van den Brule A. J. C., Snijders P. J. F., Gordijn R. L. J., Bleker O. P., Meijer C. J. L. M., Walboomers J. M. M. 1990; General primer-mediated polymerase chain reaction permits the detection of sequenced and still unsequenced human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical scrapes and carcinomas. International Journal of Cancer 45:644–649
    [Google Scholar]
37. van den Brule A. J. C., Walboomers J. M. M., Du Maine M., Kenemans P., Meyer C. J. L. M. 1991; Differences in prevalence of human papillomavirus genotypes in cytomorphologically normal cervical smears is associated with a history of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. International Journal of Cancer 48:404–408
    [Google Scholar]
38. Volpers C., Streeck R. E. 1991; Genome organization and nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 39. Virology 181:419–423
    [Google Scholar]
39. Wilczynski S. P., Pearlman L., Walker J. 1988; Identification of HPV 16 early genes retained in cervical carcinomas. Virology 166:624–627
    [Google Scholar]
40. Woodworth C. D., Doniger J., DiPaolo J. A. 1989; Immortalization of human foreskin keratinocytes by various human papillomavirus DNAs corresponds to their association with cervical carcinoma. Journal of Virology 63:159–164
    [Google Scholar]
41. Yoshikawa H., Kawana T., Kitagawa K., Mizuno M., Yoshi-kura H., Iwamoto A. 1991; Detection and typing of multiple genital human papillomaviruses by DNA amplification with consensus primers. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research 82:524–531
    [Google Scholar]
42. Young L. S., Bevan I. S., Johnson M. A., Blomfield P. I., Bromidge T., Maitland N. J., Woodman G. B. J. 1989; The polymerase chain reaction: a new epidemiological tool for investigating cervical human papillomavirus infections. British Medical Journal 298:14–18
    [Google Scholar]
43. Zachow K. R., Ostrow R. S., Faras A. J. 1987; Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of human papillomavirus type 5. Virology 144:295–298
    [Google Scholar]
44. zur Hausen H. 1991; Human papillomaviruses in the pathogenesis of anogenital cancer. Virology 184:9–13
    [Google Scholar]