RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Maheshwari, R. K. A1 Sidhu, G. S. A1 Bhartiya, D. A1 Friedman, R. M.YR 1991 T1 Primary amines enhance the antiviral activity of interferon against a membrane virus: role of intracellular pH JF Journal of General Virology, VO 72 IS 9 SP 2143 OP 2152 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-72-9-2143 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2099, AB Inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) replication in LB cells by interferon (IFN) resembles the action of IFN on some retroviruses, in that the incorporation of glycoprotein into virions is defective. Primary amines added between 1 and 2 h post-infection significantly enhanced (five- to 1000-fold) the antiviral activity of IFN against VSV, but no enhancement of the antiviral activity of IFN against encephalomyocarditis virus, a virus with no membrane component, by primary amines was seen. SDS-PAGE and immunofluorescence analysis of viral proteins, and Nycodenz gradient fractionation, suggested that both IFN and primary amines inhibited the transport of VSV glycoprotein (G) to the plasma membrane; instead, G accumulated in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Using sensitive intracellular pH (pHi) indicators, we found that IFN treatment significantly raised the pHi. A further increase in pHi was seen with a combination of IFN and primary amines; the increase in pHi correlated with an enhancement of the antiviral activity of IFN by primary amines. Amiloride inhibited the IFN-induced increase in pHi and a concomitant increase in the concentration of Na+ ions; this observation suggested that IFN induced cytoplasmic alkalinization by activating an Na+/H+ antiporter system. These results indicated that the IFN-induced increase in pHi may be responsible for the accumulation of G in the TGN, thereby producing G-deficient virus particles with reduced infectivity., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-72-9-2143