Characterization of defective interfering RNAs of Berne virus Free

Abstract

Defective interfering (DI) RNAs of Berne virus (BEV) were generated by serial undiluted passaging of the virus in embryonic mule skin cells. Two DI RNAs of 1.0 and 1.4 kb (designated DI1000 and DI1400) were characterized in more detail. Isokinetic sucrose gradient analysis showed that these DI RNAs are specifically packaged into particles with smaller S values than standard virions. Both DI RNAs were cloned and sequenced. Three genomic cDNA clones were identified using probes complementary to the 5′ end of a DI RNA, which are thought to be derived from the 5′-terminal region of the BEV genome. A non-translated region of about 700 nt and the 5′ end of the putative BEV replicase gene were identified in the consensus nucleotide sequence. Both DI RNAs were shown to contain sequences from the 5′ and 3′ ends of the BEV genome. A conserved sequence motif, which has been postulated to be involved in sub-genomic RNA transcription, was also identified just downstream of the extreme 5′ ends of DI1000 and DI1400.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-72-7-1635
1991-07-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/72/7/JV0720071635.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-72-7-1635&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Cole C. N., Baltimore D. 1973; Defective interfering particles of poliovirus. IV. Mechanisms of enrichment. Journal of Virology 12:1414–1426
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Den Boon J. A., Snijder E. J., Krijnse Locker J., Horzinek M. C., Rottier P. J. M. 1991; Another triple-spanning envelope protein among intracellularly budding RNA viruses: the torovirus E protein. Virology (in press)
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Hagino-Yamagishi K., Nomoto A. 1989; In vitro construction of poliovirus defective interfering particles. Journal of Virology 63:5386–5392
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Holland J. J. 1987; Defective interfering rhabdoviruses. In The Rhabdoviruses pp. 297–360 Edited by Wagner R. R. New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Horzinek M. C., Weiss M. 1984; Toroviridae: a taxonomic proposal. Zenlralblatt für Veterinärmedizin 31:649–659
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Horzinek M. C., Ederveen J., Weiss M. 1985; The nucleocapsid of Berne virus. Journal of General Virology 66:1287–1296
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Horzinek M. C., Flewett T. H., Saif L. J., Spaan W. J. M., Weiss M., Woode G. N. 1987; A new family of vertebrate viruses: Toroviridae . Intervirology 27:17–24
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Huang A. S. 1986; The role of defective interfering (DI) particles in viral infection. In The Molecular Basis of Viral Replication pp. 191–194 Edited by Perez Bercoff R. New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Koopmans M., Ederveen J., Woode G. N., Horzinek M. C. 1986; Surface proteins of Breda virus. American Journal of Veterinary Research 47:1896–1900
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Kozak M. 1989; The scanning model for translation: an update. Journal of Cell Biology 108:229–241
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Levis R., Weiss B. G., Tsiang M., Huang H., Schlesinger S. 1986; Deletion mapping of Sindbis virus DI RNAs derived from cDNAs defines the sequences essential for replication and packaging. Cell 44:137–145
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Makino S., Lai M. M. C. 1989; High-frequency leader sequence switching during coronavirus defective interfering RNA replication. Journal of Virology 63:5285–5292
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Makino S., Shieh C. K., Baker S. C., Lai M. M. C. 1988; Primary structure and translation of defective interfering RNAs of murine coronavirus. Virology 166:550–560
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Meinkoth J., Wahl G. 1984; Hybridization of nucleic acids immobilized on solid supports. Analytical Biochemistry 138:267–284
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Pattnaik A. K., Wertz G. W. 1990; Replication and amplification of defective interfering particle RNAs of vesicular stomatitis virus in cells expressing viral proteins from vectors containing cloned cDNAs. Journal of Virology 64:2948–2957
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Sawicki S. G., Sawicki D. L. 1990; Subgenomic mouse hepatitis virus replicative intermediates function in RNA synthesis. Journal of Virology 64:1050–1056
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Sethna P. B., Hung S. L., Brian D. A. 1989; Coronavirus subgenomic minus-strand RNAs and the potential for mRNA replicons. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U,. S,. A 86:5626–5630
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Skinner M. A., Racaniello V. R., Dunn G., Cooper J., Minor P. D., Almond J. W. 1989; New model for the secondary structure of the 5′ non-coding RNA of poliovirus is supported by biochemical and genetic data that also show that RNA secondary structure is important in neuroviolence. Journal of Molecular Biology 207:379–392
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Snijder E. J., Ederveen J., Spaan W. J. M., Weiss M., Horzinek M. C. 1988; Characterization of Berne virus genomic and messenger RNAs. Journal of General Virology 69:2135–2144
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Snijder E. J., Den Boon J. A., Bredenbeek P. J., Horzinek M. C., Rijnbrand R., Spaan W. J. M. 1990a; The carboxyl-terminal part of the putative Berne virus polymerase is expressed by ribosomal frameshifting and contains sequence motifs which indicate that toro- and coronaviruses are evolutionarily related. Nucleic Acids Research 18:4535–4542
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Snijder E. J., Den Boon J. A., Spaan W. J. M., Weiss M., Horzinek M. C. 1990b; Primary structure and post-translational processing of the Berne virus peplomer protein. Virology 178:35–363
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Snijder E. J., Horzinek M. C., Spaan W. J. M. 1990c; A 3′-coterminal nested set of independently transcribed messenger RNAs is generated during Berne virus replication. Journal of Virology 64:331–338
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Snijder E. J., Den Boon J. A., Horzinek M. C., Spaan W. J. M. 1991; Comparison of the genome organization of toro- and coronaviruses: both divergence from a common ancestor and RNA recombination have played a role in Berne virus evolution. Virology 180:448–452
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Sonenberg N. 1988; Cap-binding proteins of eukaryotic messenger RNAs: functions in initiation and control of translation. Progress in Nucleic Acids Research and Molecular Biology 35:173–207
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Spaan W. J. M., Cavanagh D., Horzinek M. C. 1988; Coronaviruses: structure and genome expression. Journal of General Virology 69:2939–2952
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Van der Most R. G., Bredenbeer P. J., Spaan W. J. M. 1991; A domain at the 3′ end of the polymerase gene is essential for encapsidation of coronavirus defective interfering RNAs. Journal of Virology 65: (in press)
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Van der Zeijst B. A. M., Bloemers H. P. J. 1976; 4698 isokinetic glycerol and sucrose gradients for density gradient centrifugation. In Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 3rd edn vol 1 pp. 426–519 Edited by Fasman G. D. Cleveland: CRC Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Weiss M., Steck F., Horzinek M. C. 1983; Purification and partial characterization of a new enveloped RNA virus (Berne virus). Journal of General Virology 64:1849–1858
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-72-7-1635
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-72-7-1635
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed