Recombinant Oka varicella vaccine expressing hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBs) was constructed by inserting the HBs gene into the viral thymidine kinase (TK) gene and was examined for its immunogenicity in guinea-pigs. The HBs gene encoding 25 amino acids of preS2 and the whole of the S region was inserted into the TK gene of the cloned plasmid. The chimeric plasmid DNA and Oka varicella vaccine DNA were cotransfected and recombinant virus was isolated after immunofluorescence screening using a monoclonal antibody to HBs and a fluorescein-conjugated anti-mouse antibody. Expression of viral HBs was detected in the cytoplasm of infected cells and was stable over several repeated passages in vitro. The recombinant virus expressed 26K and 30K HBs molecules in infected cells and the culture supernatant contained 30K and 35K HBs molecules. HBs was purified at a density of 1.20 g/ml from the culture supernatants. The recombinant virus induced an antibody response to HBs as well as to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in guinea-pigs, and the antibody titre to HBs was comparable to that induced by a recombinant HBs subunit vaccine produced in yeast. Thus a single dose of live recombinant Oka varicella vaccine could induce good immunity to VZV and HBs. The recombinant Oka varicella vaccine expressing HBs may be a good candidate for a combined HBV and VZV vaccine.
AsanoY.,
ShirakiK.,
TakahashiM.,
NagaiH.,
OzakiT.,
YazakiT.1981; Soluble skin test antigen of varicella-zoster virus prepared from the fluid of infected cultures. Journal of Infectious Diseases 143:684–692
AsanoY.,
NagaiT.,
MiyataT.,
YazakiT.,
ItoS.,
YamanishiK.,
TakahashiM.1985; Long-term protective immunity of the Oka strain of live varicella vaccine. Pediatrics 75:667–671
ChengK.-C.,
MossB.1987; Selective synthesis and secretion of particles composed of the hepatitis B virus middle surface protein directed by a recombinant vaccinia virus: induction of antibodies to pre-S and S epitope. Journal of Virology 61:1286–1290
DiazP. S.,
SmithS.,
HunterE.,
ArvinA. M.1988; Immunity to whole varicella-zoster virus antigen and glycoproteins I and p170: relation to the immunizing regimen of live attenuated varicella vaccine. Journal of Infectious Diseases 158:1245–1252
DavisA. R.,
KostekB.,
MansonJ. B.,
HsiaoC. L.,
MorinJ.,
DheerS. K.,
HungP. P.1985; Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen with a recombinant adenovirus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 82:7560–7564
GershonA. A.,
SteinbergS. P.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Varicella Vaccine Collaborative Study Group; 1990; Live attenuated varicella vaccine: protection in healthy adults compared with leukemic children. Journal of Infectious Diseases 161:661–666
HeermannK. H.,
GoldmannU.,
SchwartzW.,
SeyffarthT.,
BaumgartenH.,
GerlichW. H.1984; Large surface proteins of hepatitis B virus containing the pre-S sequence. Journal of Virology 52:396–402
HicklingJ. K.,
BorysiewiczL. K.,
SissonsJ. G. P.1987; Varicella-zoster virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tc): detection and frequency analysis of HLA class I-restricted Tc in human peripheral blood. Journal of Virology 61:3463–3469
HsiungN.,
FittsR.,
WilsonS.,
MilneA.,
HamerD.1984; Efficient production of hepatitis B surface antigen using papilloma virus-metallothionein vector. Journal of Molecular and Applied Genetics 2:497–506
KonobeT.,
IshikawaN.,
GohdaH.,
FukaiK.,
OkabeH.1991; Physicochemical and immunological properties of hepatitis B surface antigen containing preS2 amino acid sequence produced by a recombinant yeast. Acta Medica Okayama 45:11–19
LaubO.,
RallL. B.,
TruettM.,
ShaulY.,
StrandringD. N.,
ValenzuelaP.,
RutterW. J.1983; Synthesis of hepatitis B surface antigen in mammalian cells: expression of the entire gene and coding region. Journal of Virology 48:271–280
LoweR. S.,
KellerP. M.,
KeechB. J.,
DavisonA. J.,
WhangY.,
MorganA. J.,
KieffE.,
EllisR. W.1987; Varicella-zoster virus as a live vector for the expression of foreign genes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 84:3896–3900
MachidaA.,
KishimotoS.,
OhnumaH.,
BabaK.,
ItoY.,
MiyamotoH.,
FunatsuG.,
OdaK.,
UsudaS.,
TogamiS.,
NakamuraT.,
MiyakawaY.,
MayumiM.1984; A polypeptide containing 55 amino acid residues coded by the pre-S region of hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid bears the receptor for polymerized human as well as chimpanzee albumins. Gastroenterology 86:910–918
MclachlanA.,
MilichD. R.,
RaneyA. K.,
RiggsM. G.,
HughesJ. L.,
SorgeJ.,
ChisariF. V.1987; Expression of hepatitis B virus surface and core antigens: influence of preS and precore sequences. Journal of Virology 61:683–692
MatsunagaY.,
YamanishiK.,
TakahashiM.1982; Experimental infection and immune response of guinea pigs with varicella-zoster virus. Infection and Immunity 37:407–412
MoriartyA. M.,
HoyerB. H.,
ShihJ. W. K.,
GerinJ. L.,
HamerD. H.1981; Expression of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen in cell culture by using a simian virus 40 vector. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 78:2606–2610
PaolettiE.,
LipinskasB. R.,
SamsonoffC.,
MercerS.,
PanicaliD.1984; Construction of live vaccines using genetically engineered poxviruses: biological activity of vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the hepatitis B virus surface antigen and the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 81:193–197
ShirakiK.,
OkunoT.,
YamanishiK.,
TakahashiM.1982; Polypeptides of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and immunological relationship of VZV and herpes simplex virus (HSV). Journal of General Virology 61:255–269
ShirakiK.,
YamanishiK.,
TakahashiM.1984a; Biological and immunological characterization of the soluble skin-test antigen of varicella-zoster virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 149:501–504
ShirakiK.,
YamanishiK.,
TakahashiM.,
DohiY.1984b; Delayed-type hypersensitivity and in vitro lymphocyte response in guinea pigs immunized with a live varicella vaccine. Biken Journal 27:19–22
ShirakiK.,
OginoT.,
YamanishiK.,
TakahashiM.1985; Immunochemical characterization of pyrimidine kinase specified by varicella-zoster virus. Journal of General Virology 66:221–229
StrausS. E.,
OstroveJ. M.,
InchauspeG.,
FelsenJ. M.,
FieldA.,
CroenK. D.,
SawyerM. H.1988; Varicella-zoster virus infection: biology, natural history, treatment, and prevention. Annals of Internal Medicine 108:221–237
TakahashiM.,
OkunoY.,
OtsukaT.,
OsameJ.,
TakamizawaA.,
SasadaT.,
KuboT.1975; Development of a live attenuated varicella vaccine. Biken Journal 18:25–33
VentoS.,
HegartyJ. E.,
AlbertiA.,
O’BrienC. J.,
AlexanderG. J. M.,
EddlestonA. L. W. F.,
WilliamsR.1985; T lymphocyte sensitization to HBcAg and T cell-mediated unresponsiveness to HBsAg in hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease. Hepatology 5:192–197
VentoS.,
RondanelliE. G.,
RanieriS.,
O’BrienC. J.,
WilliamsR.,
EddlestonA. L. W. F.1987; Prospective study of cellular immunity to hepatitis-B-virus antigens from the early incubation phase of acute hepatitis B. Lancet ii:119–122