1887

Abstract

Sulphoevernan is a sulphated α-1 →3,1 → 4 polyglucan ( 20000) with a helical structure. This compound effectively inhibits both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 infection of cells at concentrations around 0·5 µg/ml. Moreover, the compound completely inhibits HIV-1-induced syncytium formation at a concentration of 1 µg/ml. Competition experiments with S-labelled sulphoevernan revealed that the mannose-specific lectin from prevented binding of sulphoevernan to HIV-1, whereas the antibody OKT4A did not reduce the amount of sulphoevernan bound to MT-2 cells. These data indicate that the non-cytotoxic polymer sulphoevernan binds to the virus rather than to the host cell. studies, using Rauscher leukaemia virus in NMRI mice, revealed that, at a daily dose of 20 mg/kg, the animals were protected against virus-induced increases in spleen weight. From these and data we conclude that sulphoevernan has potential in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-9-1957
1990-09-01
2024-12-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/71/9/JV0710091957.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-9-1957&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baba M., Pauwels R., Balzarini J., Arnout J., Desmyter J., De Clercq E. 1988; Mechanism of inhibitory effect of dextran sulfate and heparin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 85:6132–6136
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Baba M., Pauwels R., Balzarini J., Desmyter J., De Clercq E. 1989; Antiviral activity of heparin and dextran sulfate against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro . Annals of the New York Academy of Science 556:419–421
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bagasra O., Lischner H. W. 1988; Activity of dextran sulfate and other polyanionic polysaccharides against human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Infectious Diseases 158:1084–1087
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Biesert L., Suhartono H., Winkler J., Meichsner C., Helsberg M., Hewlett Gl., Klimetzek V., Mölling K., Schlumberger H. D., Schrinner E., Brede H. D., Rübsamen-Waigmann H. 1988; Inhibition of HIV and virus replication by polysulphated polyxylan: HOE/BAY 946, a new antiviral compound. AIDS 2:449–457
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cohen S. S. 1987; Antiretroviral therapy for AIDS. New England Journal of Medicine 317:629
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Dalgleish A. G., Beverley P. C. L., Clapham P. R., Crawford D. H., Greaves M. P., Weiss R. A. 1984; The CD4 antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus. Nature; London: 312:763–767
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Ezekovitz R. A., Kuhlman M., Groopman J. E., Byrn R. A. 1989; A human serum mannose-binding protein inhibits in vitro infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine 169:185–196
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fennie C., Lasky L. A. 1989; Model for intracellular folding of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gpl20. Journal of Virology 63:639–646
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Fischl M. A., Richman O. D., Grieco M. H., Gottlieb M. S., Volberding P. A., Laskin O. L., Leedom J. M., Groopman J. E., Mildvan D., Schooley R. T. 1987; The efficacy of azidothymi-dine (AZT) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. New England Journal of Medicine 317:185–191
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Garry R. F. 1989; Potential mechanisms for the cytopathic properties of HIV. AIDS 3:683–694
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Geyer H., Holschbach C., Hunsmann G., Schneider J. 1988; Carbohydrates of human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Biological Chemistry 263:11760–11767
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Harada S., Koyanagi Y., Yamamoto N. 1985; Infection of HTLV-III/LAV in HTLV-I-carrying MT-2 and MT-4 and applica-tion in a plaque assay. Science 229:563–566
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Henderson D. K., Gerberding J. L. 1989; AIDS commentary. Journal of Infectious Diseases 160:321–327
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kanki P., Barin F., Essex M. 1988; Antibody reactivity to multiple HIV-2 isolates. Fourth International Conference on AIDS, Stockholm abstract 1659
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Klatzmann D., Champagne E., Chamaret S., Gruest J., Guetard D., Hercend T., Gluckman J. C., Montagnier L. 1984; T-lymphocyte T4 molecule behaves as the receptor for human retrovirus LAV. Nature; London: 312767–768
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kong L. I., Lee S. W., Kappes J. C., Parkin J. S., Decker D., Hoxie J. A., Hahn B. H., Shaw G. M. 1988; West African HIV-2-related human retrovirus with attenuated cytopathicity. Science 240:1525–1529
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lifson J., Contré S., Huang E., Engleman E. 1986; Role of envelope glycoprotein carbohydrate in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectivity and virus-induced cell fusion. Journal of Experimental Medicine 164:2101–2106
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Matthews T. J., Weinhold K. J., Lyerly H. K., Langlois A. J., Wigzell H., Bolognesi D. P. 1987; Interaction between the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type IIIB envelope glycoprotein gpl20 and the surface antigen CD4: role of carbohydrate in binding and cell fusion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 84:5424–5428
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Mitsuya H., Broder S. 1986; Inhibition of the in vitro infectivity and cytopathic effect of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/ lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) by 2′,3′- dideoxynucleosides. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 83:1911–1915
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mitsuya H., Looney D. J., Kuno S., Ueno R., Wong-Staal F., Broder S. 1988; Dextran sulfate suppression of viruses in the HIV family: inhibition of virion binding to CD4+ cells. Science 240:646–649
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Mizuochi T., Spellman M. W., Larkin M., Solomon J., Basa L. J., Feizi T. 1988; Carbohydrate structures of human-immunodeficiency virus (HIV) recombinant envelope glycoprotein gpl20 produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biochemical Journal 254:599–603
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Müller W. E. G., Rohde H. J., Steffen R., Maidhof A., Lachmann M., Zahn R. K., Umezawa H. 1975; Influence of formycin-B on polyadenosine diphosphoribose synthesis in vitro and in vivo . Cancer Research 35:3673–3681
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Müller W. E. G., Schuster D. K., Zahn R. K., Maidhof A., Leyhausen G., Falke D., Koren R., Umezawa H. 1982; Properties and specificity of binding sites for the immunomodulator bestatin on the surface of mammalian cells. International Journal of Immunopharmacology 4:393–400
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Müller W. E. G., Renneisen K., Kreuter M. H., Schröder H. C., Winkler I. 1988a; The d-mannose-specific lectin from Gerardia savaglia blocks binding of human immunodeficiency virus type I to H9 cells and human lymphocytes in vitro . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 1:453–458
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Müller W. E. G., Sarin P. S., Sun D., Rossol S., Voth R., Rottmann M., Hess G., Meyer Zum Büschenfelde K. H., Schröder H. C. 1988b; Dual biological activity of apurinic acid on human lymphocytes: induction of interferon-γ and protection from human immunodeficiency virus infection in vitro . Antiviral Research 9:191–204
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Nara P. L., Fischinger P. J. 1988; Quantitative infectivity assay for HIV-1 and -2. Nature; London: 332469–470
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Poiesz B. J., Ruscetti F. W., Gazdar A. F., Bunn P. A., Minna J. D., Gallo R. C. 1980; Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 77:7415–7419
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Popović M., Sarngadharan M. G., Read E., Gallo R. C. 1984; Detection, isolation and continuous production of cytopathic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science 224:497–500
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Putney S. D., Matthews T. J., Robey W. G., Lynn D. L., Robert-Guroff M., Mueller W. T., Langlois A. J., Ghrayeb J., Petteway S. R., Weinhold K. J., Fischinger P. J., Wong-Staal F., Gallo R. C., Bolognesi D. P. 1986; HTLV-III/LAV-neutralizing antibodies to an E. coli-produced fragment of the virus envelope. Science 234:1392–1395
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Sachs L. 1984 Angewandte Statistik pp. 209–216 Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Schröder H. C., Wenger R., Kuchino Y., Müller W. E. G. 1989; Modulation of nuclear matrix-associated (2′-5′)oligoadeny- late metabolism and ribonuclease L activity in H9 cells by human immunodeficiency virus. Journal of Biological Chemistry 264:5669–5673
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Scudiero D. A., Shoemaker R. H., Paull K. D., Monks A., Tierney S., Nofziger T. H., Currens M. J., Seniff D., Boyd M. R. 1988; Evaluation of a soluble tetrazolium/formazan assay for cell growth and drug sensitivity in culture using human and other tumor cell lines. Cancer Research 48:4827–4833
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Stefanovich V. 1960 A study of evernan and other components of oak lichen (Evernia prunastri L. Ach.) Ph.D. thesis University of Belgrade;
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Stefanovich V. 1969a; The structure and the biological activities of sulfopolyglucans; 1. the biological activity of sulfoevernan. Life Sciences 8:1223–1233
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Stefanovich V. 1969b; Cholesterol esterification in rabbit plasma. Biochemical Journal 115:555–561
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Stefanovich V., Kajiyama G., Tsutsumi H., Usui S. 1970; The structure and the biological activity of sulfopolyglucans. Part 2. The effect of sulfoevernan and heparin on lipid metabolism. Atherosclerosis 12:349–358
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Ueno R., Kuno S. 1987; Dextran sulphate, a potent anti-HIV agent in vitro having synergism with zidovudine. Lancet i:1379
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Van Damme E. J. M., Allen A. K., Peumans W. J. 1988; Related mannose-specific lectins from different species of the family Amaryllidaceae . Physiologia Plantarum 73:52–57
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Vilmer E., Barre-Sinoussi F., Rouzioux C., Gazengel C., Brun F. V., Dauguet C., Fischer A., Manigne P., Chermann J. C., Griscelli C., Montagnier L. 1984; Isolation of new lymphotropic retrovirus from two siblings with haemophilia B, one with AIDS. Lancet i:753–757
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Wang J. F. 1986; 1H NMR investigation of the binding of methyl-beta-d-galactose with sialic acid residues on hepatic binding protein - the effect of divalent calcium ions. Scientia Sinaean B 29:156–164
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-9-1957
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-71-9-1957
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error