1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

Mokola virus is a rabies-related virus responsible for both animal and human encephalitis cases in Africa. We report here the construction of a genomic library containing overlapping cDNA clones encompassing the entire genome. Five overlapping clones were sufficient to cover the genome (about 12 kb in size). Mokola virus was shown to share the same genomic organization as the rabies virus genome and also identical transcription signals. cDNA probes characterized six different transcripts by Northern blotting experiments; five of them corresponded in size and location to rabies virus mRNAs, and one of particular interest corresponded to a bicistronic RNA which included the genes for the phosphoprotein and the matrix protein. Comparison of the 3′ and 5′ end sequences of the Mokola genome with those of other members of the Lyssavirus genus showed a high homology and led us to propose a genus-specific consensus sequence. However, the latter appeared to vary widely throughout the family.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2063
1989-08-01
2024-04-24
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/70/8/JV0700082063.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2063&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ait-Ken T. H. G., Kowalski R. W., Beaty B. J., Buckley S. M., Wright J. D., Shope R. E., Miller B. R. 1984; Arthropod studies with rabies-related Mokola virus. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 33:945–952
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ball L. A., White C. N. 1976; Order of transcription of genes of vesicular stomatitis virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 73:442–446
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Banerjee A. K. 1987; Transcription and replication of rhabdoviruses. Microbiological Reviews 51:66–87
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Birnboim H. C., Doly J. 1979; A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Research 7:1513–1523
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Blumberg B. M., Giorgi C., Rose K., Kolakofsky D. 1984; Preparation and analysis of the nucleocapsid proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus and Sendai virus, and analysis of the Sendai virus leader-NP gene region. Journal of General Virology 65:769–779
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Buckley S. M. 1975; Arbovirus infection of vertebrate and insect cell cultures, with special emphasis on Mokola, Obodhiang and Kotonkan viruses of the rabies serogroup. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 266:241–250
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bussereau F., Vincent J., Coudrier D., Sureau P. 1988; Monoclonal antibodies of Mokola virus for identification of rabies and rabies-related viruses. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 26:2489–2494
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Cattaneo R., Schmid A., Rebmann G., Baczko K., Ter Meulen V., Bellini W. I., Rozenblatt S., Billeter M. A. 1986; Accumulated measles virus mutations in a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: interrupted matrix protein reading frame and transcription alteration. Virology 154:97–107
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Celis E., Ou D., Dietzschold B., Koprowski H. 1988; Recognition of rabies and rabies-related viruses by T cells derived from human vaccine recipients. Journal of Virology 62:3128–3134
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Chanda P. K., Banerjee A. K. 1979; Two distinct populations of vesicular stomatitis virus ribonucleoprotein cores with differential sensitivities to micrococcal nuclease. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 91:1337–1345
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Cho S., Narahara H., Mifune K., Kawai A. 1987; Murine T cell clones directed to rabies virus: isolation and some of their properties. Journal of General Virology 68:1115–1123
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Church G. M., Gilbert W. 1984; Genomic sequencing. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 81:1991–1995
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Clark H. F., Wiktor T. J. 1974; Plasticity of phenotypic characters of rabies-related viruses: spontaneous variation in the plaque morphology, virulence and temperature-sensitivity characters of serially propagated Lagos bat and Mokola viruses. Journal of Infectious Diseases 130:608–618
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Colonno R. J., Banerjee A. K. 1978; Complete nucleotide sequence of the leader RNA synthesized in vitro by vesicular stomatitis virus. Cell 15:93–101
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Coslett G. D., Holloway B. P., Obijeski J. F. 1980; The structural proteins of rabies virus and evidence for their synthesis from separate monocistronic RNA species. Journal of General Virology 49:161–180
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Crowley J. C., Dowling P. C., Mennona J., Silverman J. I., Schuback D., Cook S. D., Blumberg B. M. 1988; Sequence variability and function of measles vims 3′ and 5′ ends and intercistronic regions. Virology 164:498–506
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Dimock K., Rud E. W., Kang C. Y. 1986; 3′-terminal sequence of human parainfluenza virus 3 genomic RNA. Nucleic Acids Research 14:4694
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Domingo E., Martinez-Salas E., Sobrino F., De La Torre J. C., Portela A., Ortin J., Lopez-Galindez C., Perez-Brena P., Villanueva N., Najera R., Vandepol S., Steinhauer D., Depolo N., Holland J. 1985; The quasispecies (extremely heterogeneous) nature of viral RNA genome populations: biological relevance - a review. Gene 40:1–8
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Ermine A., Flamand A. 1977; RNA syntheses in BHK-21 cells infected by rabies virus. Annales de Microbiologie 128A:477–488
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Familusi J. B., Moore D. L. 1972; Isolation of a rabies related virus from the cerebrospinal fluid of a child with ‘aseptic meningitis’. African Journal of Medical Sciences 3:93–96
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Familusi J. B., Osunkoya B. O., Moore D. L., Kemp G. E., Fabiyi A. 1972; A fatal human infection with Mokola virus. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 21:959–963
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Flamand A., Delagneau J. F. 1978; Transcriptionnal mapping of rabies virus in vivo. Journal of Virology 28:518–523
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Flamand A., Wiktor T. J., Koprowski H. 1980a; Use of hybridoma monoclonal antibodies in the detection of antigenic differences between rabies and rabies-related virus proteins. I. The nucleocapsid protein. Journal of General Virology 48:97–104
    [Google Scholar]
  24. flamand a., wiktor T. J., koprowski H. 1980b; Use of hybridoma monoclonal antibodies in the detection of antigenic differences between rabies and rabies-related virus proteins. II. The glycoprotein. Journal of General Virology 48:105–109
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Foggin C. M. 1982; Atypical rabies virus in cats and a dog in Zimbabwe. Veterinary Record 110:338
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Foggin C. M. 1983; Mokola virus infection in cats and a dog in Zimbabwe. Veterinary Record 113:115
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Giorgi C., Blumberg B., Kolakofsky D. 1983; Sequence determination of the (+) leader RNA regions of the vesicular stomatitis virus Chandipura, Cocal, and Piry serotype genomes. Journal of Virology 46:125–130
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Grunstein M., Hogness D. S. 1975; Colony hybridization: a method for the isolation of cloned DNAs that contain a specific gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 72:3961–3965
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Gubler U., Hoffman B. I. 1983; A simple and very efficient method for generating cDNA libraries. Gene 25:263–269
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Hanahan D. 1983; Techniques for transformation of E. coli. In DNA Cloning: A Practical Approach 1109–135 Glover D. M. Oxford & Washington, D.C.: IRL Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Holloway B. P., Obijeski J. F. 1980; Rabies virus-induced RNA synthesis in BHK-21 cells. Journal of General Virology 49:181–195
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Huynh T. V., Young R. A., Davis R. W. 1985; Construction and screening cDNA libraries in λgt10 and λgt11. In DNA Cloning: A Practical Approach 149–78 Glover D. M. Oxford & Washington, D.C.: IRL Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Isaac C. L., Keene J. D. 1982; RNA polymerase-associated interactions near template promoter sequences of defective interfering particles of vesicular stomatitis virus. Journal of Virology 43:241–249
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Iverson L. E., Rose J. K. 1981; Localized attenuation and discontinuous synthesis during vesicular stomatitis virus transcription. Cell 23:477–484
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Keene J. D., Schubert M., Lazzarini R. A. 1979; Terminal sequences of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA are both complementary and conserved. Journal of Virology 32:167–174
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Keene J. D., Thornton B. J., Emerson S. U. 1981; Sequence-specific contacts between the RNA polymerase of vesicular stomatitis virus and the leader RNA gene. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 78:6191–6195
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Kemp G. E., Causey O. R., Moore D. L., Adelola A., Fabiyi A. 1972; Further studies on IbAn 27377,a new rabies-related etiologic agent of zoonosis in Nigeria. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 21:356–359
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Kemp G. E., Moore D. L., Isoun T. T., Fabiyi A. 1973; Mokola virus: experimental infection and transmission studies with the shrew, a natural host. Archiv für die gesamte Virusforschung 43:242–250
    [Google Scholar]
  39. King A., Crick J. 1988; Rabies-related viruses. In Rabies177–199 Campbell J. B., Charlton K. M. Boston, Dordrecht & London: Kluwer Academic Publishers;
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Koprowski H., Wiktor T. J., Abelseth M. K. 1985; Cross-reactivity and cross-protection: rabies variants and rabies-related viruses. In Rabies in the Tropics30–39 Kuwert E., Mérieux C., Koprowski H., Bögel K. Wien & New York: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Kurilla M. G., Cadabrilla C. D., Holloway B. P., Keene J. D. 1984; Nucleotide sequence and host La protein interactions of rabies virus leader RNA. Journal of Virology 50:773–778
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Lafon M., Herzog M., Sureau P. 1986; Human rabies vaccines induce neutralizing antibodies against the European bat rabies virus (Duvenhage). Lancet ii:515
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Lafon M., Bourhy H., Sureau P. 1988; Immunity against the European bat rabies (Duvenhage) virus induced by rabies vaccines: an experimental study in mice. Vaccine 6:362–368
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Le Gonidec G., Rickenbach A., Robin Y., Heme G. 1978; Isolement d’une souche de virus Mokola au Cameroun. Annales de Microbiologie 129A:245–249
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Leppert M., Rittenhouse L., perrault J., summers D. F., kolakofsky D. 1979; Plus and minus strand leader RNAs in negative strand virus-infected cells. Cell 18:735–747
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Maniatis T., Fritsch E. F., Sambrook J. 1982 Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Masters P. S., Samuel C. E. 1984; Detection of in vivo synthesis of polycistronic mRNAs of vesicular stomatitis virus. Virology 134:277–286
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Messing J., crea R., Seeburg P. H. 1981; A system for shotgun DNA sequencing. Nucleic Acids Research 9:309–321
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Nichol S. T., Holland J. J. 1987; Genome RNA terminus conservation and diversity among vesiculoviruses. Journal of Virology 61:200–205
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Poch O., Tordo N., Keith G. 1988; Sequence of the 3386 3′ nucleotides of the genome of AVO1 strain rabies virus: structural similarities in the protein regions involved in transcription. Biochimie 70:1019–1029
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Rougeon F., Mach B. 1977; Cloning and amplification of rabbit α- and β-globin gene sequences into Escherichia coli plasmids. Journal of Biological Chemistry 252:2209–2217
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Roy P., Gupta K. C., Kiuchi A. 1984; Characterization of spring viremia of carp virus mRNA species and the 3′ sequence of the viral RNA. Virus Research 1:189–202
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Sakai Y., Suzu S., Shioda T., Shibuta H. 1987; Nucleotide sequence of the bovine parainfluenza 3 virus genome: its 3′ end and the genes of NP, P, C and M proteins. Nucleic Acids Research 15:2927–2944
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Saluzzo J. F., Rollin P. E., Dauguet C., Digoutte J. P., Georges A. J., Sureau P. 1984; Premier isolement du virus Mokola à partir d’un rongeur (Lophuromys sikapusi ). Annales de Virologie 135E:57–66
    [Google Scholar]
  55. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. 1977; DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 74:5463–5467
    [Google Scholar]
  56. Schneider L. G., Dietzschold B., Dierks R. E., Matthaeus W., Enzmann P. J., Strohmaier K. 1973; Rabies group-specific ribonucleoprotein antigen and a test system for grouping and typing of rhabdoviruses. Journal of Virology 11:748–755
    [Google Scholar]
  57. Shioda T., Hidaka Y., Kanda T., Shibuta H., Nomoto A., Iwasaki K. 1983; Sequence of 3687 nucleotides from the 3′ end of Sendai virus genome RNA and the predicted amino acid sequences of viral NP, P and C proteins. Nucleic Acids Research 11:7317–7330
    [Google Scholar]
  58. Shioda T., Iwasaki K., Shibuta H. 1986; Determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the Sendai virus genome RNA and the predicted amino acid sequences of the F, HN and L proteins. Nucleic Acids Research 14:1545–1563
    [Google Scholar]
  59. Shope R. E., Murphy F. A., Harrison A. K., Causey O. R., Kemp G. E., Simpson D. I. H., Moore D. L. 1970; Two African viruses serologically and morphologically related to rabies virus. Journal of Virology 6:690–692
    [Google Scholar]
  60. Sokol F., Koprowski H. 1975; Structure–function relationships and mode of replication of animal Rhabdoviruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 72:933–936
    [Google Scholar]
  61. Sokol F., Schlumberger H. D., Wiktor T. I., Koprowski H., Hummeler K. 1969; Biochemical and biophysical studies on the nucleocapsid and on the RNA of rabies virus. Virology 38:651–665
    [Google Scholar]
  62. Steinhauer D. A., Holland J. 1986; Direct method for quantitation of extreme polymerase error frequencies at selected single base sites in viral RNA. Journal of Virology 57:219–228
    [Google Scholar]
  63. Tordo N., Poch O. 1988; Strong and weak transcription signals within the rabies genome. Virus Research (supplement) 2:30
    [Google Scholar]
  64. Tordo N., Poch O., Ermine A., Keith G. 1986a; Primary structure of leader RNA and nucleoprotein genes of the rabies genome: segmented homology with VSV. Nucleic Acids Research 14:2671–2683
    [Google Scholar]
  65. Tordo N., Poch O., Ermine A., Keith G., Rougeon F. 1986b; Walking along the rabies genome: is the large G-L intergenic region a remnant gene?. Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesU.S.A. 83:3914–3918
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Tordo N., Poch O., Ermine A., Keith G., Rougeon F. 1988; Completion of the rabies virus genome sequence determination: highly conserved domains among the L (polymerase) proteins of unsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses. Virology 165:565–576
    [Google Scholar]
  67. Vincent J., Bussereau F., Sureau P. 1988; Immunological relationships between rabies virus and rabies-related viruses studied with monoclonal antibodies to Mokola virus. Annales de Virologie 139E:157–173
    [Google Scholar]
  68. Wagner R. R. 1975; Reproduction of rhabdoviruses. In Comprehensive Virology 41–93 Fraenkel-Conrat H., Wagner R. R. New York & London: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  69. Wiktor T. J., Clark H. F. 1973; Comparison of rabies virus strains by means of the plaque reduction test. Annales de Microbiologie 124A:283–287
    [Google Scholar]
  70. Wiktor T. J., Dietzschold B., Leamnson R. N., Koprowski H. 1977; Induction and biological properties of defective interfering particles of rabies virus. Journal of Virology 21:626–635
    [Google Scholar]
  71. Wiktor T. J., Macfarlan R. I., Foggin C. M., Koprowski H. 1984; Antigenic analysis of rabies and Mokola virus from Zimbabwe using monoclonal antibodies. Developments in Biological Standardization 57:199–211
    [Google Scholar]
  72. Wiktor T. J., Macfarlan R. I., Dietzschold B., Rupprecht C., Wunner W. H. 1985; Immunogenic properties of vaccinia recombinant virus expressing the rabies glycoprotein. Annales de Virologie 136E:405–411
    [Google Scholar]
  73. Yusoff K., Millar N. S., Chambers P., Emmerson P. T. 1987; Nucleotide sequence analysis of the L gene of Newcastle disease virus: homologies with Sendai and vesicular stomatitis viruses. Nucleic Acids Research 15:3961–3976
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2063
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-70-8-2063
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error