Antibody-dependent enhancement of yellow fever virus neurovirulence, as measured by a reduction in the average survival time of groups of mice, was demonstrated with wild-type or vaccine strains of yellow fever virus and with Japanese encephalitis virus using intraperitoneally administered monoclonal antibodies specific for the viral E glycoprotein of yellow fever virus. Enhancement of virulence could be induced by neutralizing, non-neutralizing or protective antibodies if the virus was allowed to establish a productive infection in the mouse brain before the antibody was administered. The implications of antibody-dependent enhancement in flaviviruses are discussed.
BarrettA. D. T.,
GouldE. A.1986; Antibody-mediated early death in vivo after inspection with yellow fever virus. Journal of General Virology 67:2539–2542
BergeT. O.,
GleiserC. E. G.,
GochenourW. S.,
MiesseM. L.,
TigerttW. D.1961; Studies on the virus of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis: II. Modification by specific immune serum of response of central nervous system of mice. Journal of Immunology 87:509–517
BlancouJ.,
AndralB.,
AndralL.1980; A model in mice for the study of the early death phenomenon after vaccination and challenge with rabies virus. Journal of General Virology 50:433–435
GouldE. A., BuckleyA.,
CammackN.,
BarrettA. D. T.,
CleggJ. C. S.,
IshakR.,
VarmaM. G. R.1985; Examination of the immunological relationships between flaviviruses using yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies. Journal of General Virology 66:1369–1382
GouldE. A.,
BuckleyA.,
BarrettA. D. T.,
CammackN.1986; Neutralizing (54K) and non-neutralizing (54K and 48K) monoclonal antibodies against structural and non-structural yellow fever virus proteins confer immunity in mice. Journal of General Virology 67:591–595
GouldE. A.,
BuckleyA.,
GroegerB. K.,
CaneP. A.,
DoenhoffM.1987; Immune enhancement of yellow fever virus neurovirulence for mice: studies of mechanisms involved. Journal of General Virology 68:3105–3112
HalsteadS. B.,
ShotwellH.,
CasalsJ.1973; Studies of the pathogenesis of dengue infection in monkeys. II. Clinical laboratory responses to heterologous infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases 128:15–22
HenchalE. A.,
HenchalL. S.,
SchlesingerJ. J.1988; Synergistic interactions of anti-NS1 monoclonal antibodies protect passively immunized mice from lethal challenge with dengue 2 virus. Journal of General Virology 69:2101–2107
PorterfieldJ. S.1980; Antigenic characteristics and classification of Togaviridae. In The Togaviruses13–46SchlesingerR. W.
New York & London: Academic Press;
SikesR. K.,
ClearyW. F.,
KoprowskiH.,
WiktorT. J.,
KaplanM. M.1971; Effective protection of monkeys against death from street rabies by post-exposure administration of tissue culture rabies vaccine. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 45:1–11
WebbH. E.,
WightD. G. D.,
PlattG. S.,
SmithC. E. G.1968; Langat virus encephalitis in mice. I. The effect of the administration of specific antiserum. Journal of Hygiene 66:343–354