%0 Journal Article %A Murakami, Tsukasa %A Matsuyama, Tohey %T Appearance of Influenza A Virus Antigenic Variants after Treatment of Infected MDCK Cells with Human Leukocytes %D 1988 %J Journal of General Virology, %V 69 %N 8 %P 1841-1845 %@ 1465-2099 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-69-8-1841 %K influenza A virus %K antigenic variation %K polymorphonuclear leukocytes %I Microbiology Society, %X Summary Exudation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from the infected mucosa is a characteristic feature of influenza virus infection. Since reactive oxygen species generated by PMN can be strong mutagens, the possibility of production of antigenic variants of the virus by virus-PMN interaction was investigated. Cloned influenza A NWS (H1N1) virus multiplying in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells was treated with human peripheral PMN. Assays in the presence and absence of monoclonal antibody to the cloned virus showed a seven- to ten-fold increase in the frequency of variants in the presence of PMN. The mutagenic effect was abolished by addition of superoxide dismutase to the culture. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-69-8-1841