1887

Journal of General Virology header logo

Volume 67, Issue 10

Glutamine Starvation of Murine Leukaemia Virus-infected Cells Inhibits the Readthrough of the Genes and Proteolytic Processing of the Polyprotein Free

Abstract

Summary

The production of Moloney murine leukaemia virus from chronically infected cells was inhibited after starvation of glutamine. While the rate of synthesis of the precursor of the core proteins, Pr65, was not affected in the starved cells, its proteolytic processing was blocked. Pulse-chase experiments indicated that glutamine was required during the synthesis of Pr65 to facilitate its subsequent processing. In addition, the synthesis of Pr200, the precursor of the protease, reverse transcriptase and endonuclease, was inhibited in the glutamine-starved cells. Starvation for other essential amino acids such as tyrosine and isoleucine affected neither the synthesis nor the processing of the virus proteins. These results suggest that the readthrough mechanism which enables synthesis of the Pr200 polyprotein is modulated in the chronically infected cells by glutamine levels. Since the viral protease is part of the gene, its synthesis may be inhibited in the glutamine-starved cells and Pr65 is therefore not processed.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): glutamine starvation , MuLV and readthrough
© The Journal of General Virology 1986
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2207
1986-10-01
2024-12-07
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/67/10/JV0670102207.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2207&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Crawford S., Goff S. P. 1985; A deletion mutation in the 5ʹ part of the pol gene of Moloney murine leukemia virus blocks proteolytic processing of the gag and pol polyproteins. Journal of Virology 53:899–907
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Engelberg-Kulka H., Dekel L., Israeli-Reches M., Belfort M. 1979; The requirement of nonsense suppression for the development of several phages. Molecular and General Genetics 170:155–159
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Fan H., Paskind M. 1974; Measurement of the sequence complexity of cloned Moloney murine leukemia virus 60 to 70 S RNA: evidence for a haploid genome. Journal of Virology 14:421–429
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Gloger L., Arad G., Panet A. 1985; Regulation of Moloney murine leukemia virus replication in chronically infected cells arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Journal of Virology 54:844–850
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Jamjoom G. A., Naso R. B., Arlinghaus R. B. 1977; Further characterization of intracellular precursor polyproteins of Rauscher leukemia virus. Virology 78:11–34
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Kerr I. M., Olshevsky U., Lodish H., Baltimore D. 1976; Translation of murine leukemia virus RNA in cell free systems from animal cells. Journal of Virology 18:627–635
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Kopchick J. J., Jamjoom G. A., Watson K. F., Arlinghaus R. B. 1978; Biosynthesis of Rauscher murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase by cleavage of a gag–pol readthrough precursor polyprotein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 75:2016–2020
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Ledbetter J. A. 1979; Two-dimensional analysis of murine leukemia virus gag gene polyproteins. Virology 95:85–98
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Levin J. G., Hu S. C., Rein A., Messer L. J., Gerwin B. I. 1984; Murine leukemia virus mutant with a frameshift in the reverse transcriptase coding region: implications for pol gene structure. Journal of Virology 51:470–478
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Murphy E. C. Jr, Kopchick J. J., Watson K. F., Arlinghaus R. B. 1978; Cell free synthesis of a precursor polyprotein containing both gag and pol gene products by Rauscher murine leukemia virus 35S RNA. Cell 13:359–369
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Panet A., Baltimore D., Hanafusa H. J. 1975; Quantitation of avian RNA tumor virus reverse transcriptase by radioimmunoassay. Journal of Virology 16:146–152
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Philipson L., Andersson P., Olshevsky U., Weinberg R., Baltimore D., Gesteland R. 1978; Translation of MuLV and MSV RNAs in nuclease-treated reticulocyte extract: enhancement of the gag–pol polypeptide with yeast suppressor tRNA. Cell 13:189–199
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Shinnick T. M., Lerner R. A., Sutcliffe J. G. 1981; Nucleotide sequence of Moloney murine leukemia virus. Nature, Ixmdon 293:543–548
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Stephenson J. R., Tronick S. R., Aaronson S. A. 1975; Murine leukemia virus mutants with temperature-sensitive defects in precursor polypeptide cleavage. Cell 6:543–548
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Strauss E. G., Rice C. M., Strauss J. H. 1983; Sequence coding for alphavirus nonstructural proteins by an opal termination codon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A 80:5271–5275
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Traktman P., Baltimore D. 1982; Protease bypass of temperature-sensitive murine leukemia virus maturation mutants. Journal of Virology 44:1039–1046
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Witte O. N., Baltimore D. 1978; Relationship of retrovirus polyprotein cleavage to virion maturation studied with temperature-sensitive murine leukemia virus mutants. Journal of Virology 26:750–761
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Yen A., Pardee A. B. 1978; Arrested states produced by isoleucine deprivation and their relationship to the low serum produced arrested state in Swiss 3T3 cells. Experimental Cell Research 114:389–395
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Yoshinaka Y., Katoh I., Copeland T. D., Oroszlan S. 1985; Murine leukemia virus protease is encoded by the gag–pol gene and is synthesized through suppression of an amber termination codon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 82:1618–1622
     [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2207
Loading
Glutamine Starvation of Murine Leukaemia Virus-infected Cells Inhibits the Readthrough of the gag-pol Genes and Proteolytic Processing of the gag Polyprotein
J. Gen. Virol. 67, 2207 (1986); https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2207
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2207
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-67-10-2207
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error