@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-64-4-975, author = "Stannard, Linda M. and Hantz, O. and Trepo, C.", title = "Antigenic Cross-reactions between Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus and Human Hepatitis B Virus Shown by Immune Electron Microscopy", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "1983", volume = "64", number = "4", pages = "975-980", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-64-4-975", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-64-4-975", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", keywords = "immune electron microscopy", keywords = "hepatitis B virus", keywords = "WHV", abstract = "SUMMARY Using immune electron microscopy (IEM), low-level cross-reactions could be demonstrated between the surface antigens of hepatitis B and woodchuck hepatitis. However, immune complex formation was greatly enhanced by pre-exposure of the antigens to 0.5% deoxycholate. Cross-reaction between the core antigens and e antigens of both viruses was also confirmed by IEM as well as radioimmunassay. It appears that the woodchuck sera used in this study may well contain an anti-immunoglobulin akin to rheumatoid factor.", }