Ten new thermosensitive (ts) mutants of alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), a plant virus with a tripartite genome, are described. Stable ts mutants were induced by u.v. irradiation of purified middle (M) component. Mutants were isolated by subculturing in bean plants (instead of in the usual plant host, tobacco), in which unstable ts mutants apparently arise spontaneously. As well as ts mutants, we found a mutant which in contrast to the parent strain (AMV 425) was able to infect bean plants systemically. As expected, all stable mutations mapped on M component. Complementation analysis confirmed the presence of two complementation groups on M component. This complementation is probably intracistronic. Furthermore, we found that mutants belonging to the same complementation group often interfered with the multiplication of each other, even at the permissive temperature. Taken together, these results could suggest that the product directed by AMV RNA 2 (the RNA inside M component) has two functional domains and is active in a multimeric form.
BancroftJ. B.,
ReesM. W.,
DawsonJ. R. O.,
McleanG. D.,
ShortM. N.1972; Some properties of a temperature sensitive mutant of cowpea chlorotic mottle virus. Journal of General Virology 16:69–81
BolJ. F.,
Van vloten-dotingL.,
JasparsE. M. J.1971; A functional equivalence of top component a RNA and coat protein in the initiation of infection by alfalfa mosaic virus. Virology 46:73–85
ChakrabortyR. A.,
AhmedR.,
FieldsB. N.1979; Genetics of reovirus: the relationship of interference to complementation and reassortment of temperature-sensitive mutants at non permissive temperature. Virology 94:119–127
DaviesJ. W.1979 Translation of plant virus ribonucleic acids in extracts from eukaryotic cells. In Nucleic Acids in Plants vol. 2 pp. 111–148 Edited by
DaviestJ. W.,
HallC.
Florida: CRC Press;
DawsonW. O.1981; Effect of temperature-sensitive, replication-defective mutations on RNA synthesis of cow- pea chlorotic mottle virus. Virology 115:130–136
DawsonW. O.,
JonesG. E.1976; A procedure for specifically selecting temperature sensitive mutants of tobacco mosaic virus. Molecular and General Genetics 145:307–309
DawsonW. O.,
WhiteJ. L.1978; Characterization of a temperature-sensitive mutant of tobacco mosaic virus deficient in the synthesis of all RNA species. Virology 90:209–213
HeijtinkR. A.,
HouwingC. J.,
JasparsE. M. J.1977; Molecular weights of particles and RNAs of alfalfa mosaic virus. Number of subunits in protein capsids. Biochemistry 16:4684–4693
HellerE.,
ScholtissekC.1980; Evidence for intracistronic complementation of the product of the influenza virus gene Pira (P3 of fowl plague virus). Journal of General Virology 49:133–139
HonessR. W.1981; Complementation between phosphonoacetic acid resistant and sensitive variants of herpes simplex viruses: evidence for an oligomeric protein with restricted intracellular diffusion as the determinant of resistance and sensitivity. Journal of General Virology 57:297–306
KiberstisP. A.,
Loesch-friesL. S.,
HallT. C.1981; Viral protein synthesis in barley protoplasts inoculated with native and fractionated brome mosaic virus RNA. Virology 112:804–808
LeeH. H.,
MillerL. K.1979; Isolation, complementation, and initial characterization of temperature sensitive mutants of the baculovirus Autographa califomica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. Journal of Virology 31:240252
MatthewsR. E. F.1979; Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Third report of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses. Intervirology 12:129–296
PrebleO. T.,
YoungnerJ. S.1973; Temperature-sensitive defect of mutants isolated from L cells persistently infected with Newcastle disease virus. Journal of Virology 12:472–480
SakaiF.,
DawsonJ. R. O.,
WattsJ. W.1979; Synthesis of proteins in tobacco protoplasts infected with brome mosaic virus. Journal of General Virology 42:323–328
SchafferP. A.,
CarterV. C.,
TimburyM. C.1978; Collaborative complementation study of temperaturesensitive mutants of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. Journal of Virology 27:490–504
StollarV.,
PelegJ.,
ShenkT. E.1974; Temperature sensitivity of a Sindbis virus mutant isolated from persistently infected Aedes aegypti cell culture. Intervirology 2:337–344
ThierryF.,
SpringS. B.1981; Localization of the ts defects of ts mutants of influenza virus using complementation analysis and gel analysis of the RNA segments of recombinants. Virology 115:137–148
ThierryF.,
SpringS. B.,
ChanockR. M.1980; Localization of the ts defect in two ts mutants of influenza virus: evidence for the occurrence of intracistronic complementation between ts mutants of influenza a virus coding for the neuraminidase and nucleoprotein polypeptides. Virology 101:484–492
Van vloten-dotingL.,
NeelemanL.1982 Translation of plant virus RNAs. In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology vol. 16 Edited by
BoulterA.,
ParthierB.
New YorkBerlin: Springer-Verlag (in press);
Van vloten-dotingL.,
Dingjan-versteeghA.,
JasparsE. M. J.1970; Three nucleoprotein components of alfalfa mosaic virus necessary for infectivity. Virology 40:419–430
Van vloten-dotingL.,
HasratJ. A.,
OosterwijkE.,
Van T santP.,
SchoenI. A.,
RoosienJ.1980; Description and complementation analysis of 13 temperature-sensitive mutants of alfalfa mosaic virus. Journal of General Virology 46:415–426
Van vloten-dotingL.,
FranckiR. I. B.,
FultonR. W.,
KaperJ. M.,
LaneL. C.1981; Tricomaviridae - a proposed family of plant viruses with tripartite, single-stranded RNA genomes. Intervirology 15:198–203