1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

Eleven temperature-sensitive () mutants of influenza A (fowl plague, Rostock) virus were analysed for RNA transcriptase activity in reactions primed by ApG or globin mRNA at 31 °C or at 40.5 °C, the restrictive temperature for mutant growth. Only those mutants studied which were defective in RNA segment 1, coding for the virion P2 protein, were defective in RNA transcriptase activity when compared to wild-type virus. Mutants having a defect in the P2 protein had no significant RNA transcriptase activity in reactions at 40.5 °C primed by globin mRNA. However, one mutant showed RNA transcriptase activity similar to wild-type virus at 40.5 °C when ApG (0.3 m) was used as primer. The results suggest that influenza (fowl plague, Rostock) P2 protein is directly involved in the mRNA priming reaction, as well as in the RNA transcription reaction .

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-57-2-407
1981-12-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/57/2/JV0570020407.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-57-2-407&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Almond J., McGeoch D., Barry R. D. 1977; Method for assigning temperature-sensitive mutations of influenza viruses to individual segments of the genome. Virology 81:62–73
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Almond J. W., McGeoch D., Barry R. D. 1979; Temperature-sensitive mutants of fowl plague virus: isolation and genetic characterisation. Virology 92:416–427
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Barrett T., Wolstenholme A. J., Mahy B. W. J. 1979; Transcription and replication of influenza virus RNA. Virology 98:211–225
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Barry R., MAhy B. W. J. 1979; The influenza virus genome and its replication. British Medical Bulletin 35:39–46
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Bishop D. H. L., Obijeski J. F., Simpson R. W. 1971; Transcription of the influenza ribonucleic acid genome by a virion polymerase. I. Optimal conditions for in vitro activity of the ribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase. Journal of Virology 8:66–73
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Bouloy M., Plotch S. J., Krug R. M. 1978; Globin mRNAs are primers for the transcription of influenza viral RNA in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 75:4886–4890
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Bouloy M., Plotch S. J., Krug R. M. 1980; Both the 7 methyl and 2′-0-methyl groups in the cap of a mRNA strongly influence its ability to act as a primer for influenza viral RNA transcription. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 77:3952–3956
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Caliguiri L. A., Compans R. W. 1974; Analysis of the in vitro product of an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase isolated from influenza virus-infected cells. Journal of Virology 14:191–197
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Caliguiri L. A., Gerstein H. 1978; Subclasses of ribonucleoproteins in influenza virus-infected cells. Virology 90:119–132
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Caton A. J., Obertson J. S. 1980; Structure of the host-derived sequences present at the 5′ ends of influenza virus mRNA. Nucleic Acids Research 8:2591–2603
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Dhar R., Chanock R. M., Lai C. J. 1980; Non-viral oligonucleotides at the 5′ terminus of cytoplasmic influenza viral mRNA deduced from cloned complete genomic sequences. Cell 21:495–500
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Ghendon Y. Z., Markushin S. G., Marchenko A. T., Sitnikov B. S., Ginzburg V. P. 1973; Biochemical characteristics of fowl plague virus ts mutants. Virology 55:305–319
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Ghendon Y. Z., Markushin S. G., Blagovezhenskaya O. V., Genkin A D. B. 1975; Study of fowl plague virus RNA synthesis in temperature-sensitive mutants. Virology 66:454–463
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Glass S. E., McGeoch D., Barry R. D. 1975; Characterisation of the mRNA of influenza virus. Journal of Virology 16:1435–1443
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hay A. J., Skehel J. J. 1979; Influenza virus transcription. British Medical Bulletin 35:47–56
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Hay A. J., Abraham G., Skehel J. J., Smith J. C., Fellner P. 1977; Influenza virus messenger RNA’s are incomplete transcripts of the genome RNA’s. Nucleic Acids Research 4:4197–4209
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hunt T., Jackson R. T. 1974; The rabbit reticulocyte lysate as a system for studying mRNA. In Modern Trends in Human Leukaemia pp. 300–307 Edited by Neth R., Gallo R. C., Spiegelman S., Stohlman F. Munich: J. F. Lehmanns Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Inglis S. C., Mahy B. W. J. 1979; Polypeptides specified by the influenza virus genome. 3. Control of synthesis in infected cells. Virology 95:154–164
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Inglis S. C., Carroll A. R., Lamb R. A., Mahy B. W. J. 1976; Polypeptides specified by the influenza virus genome. I. Evidence for eight distinct gene products. Virology 74:489–503
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kamata T., Watanabe Y. 1977; Role of nucleocapsid protein phosphorylation in the transcription of influenza virus genome. Nature, London 267:460–462
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Kendal A. P., Cox N. J., Spring S. B., Maassab H. F. 1978; Biochemical characteristics of recombinant viruses derived at sub-optimal temperatures: evidence that ts lesions are present in RNA segments 1 and 3, and that RNA 1 codes for the virion transcriptase enzyme. In Negative Strand Viruses and the Host Cell pp. 733–744 Edited by Mahy B. W. J., Barry R. D. London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Kendal A. P., Cox N. J., Galphin J. C., Maassab H. F. 1979; Comparative studies of wild-type and cold mutant (temperature-sensitive) influenza viruses: independent segregation of temperature-sensitivity of virus replication from temperature-sensitivity of virion transcriptase activity during recombination of mutant A/Ann Arbor/6/60 with wild-type H3N2 strains. Journal of General Virology 44:443–456
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Krug R. M., Ueda M., Palese P. 1975; Temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza WSN virus defective in virus-specific RNA synthesis. Journal of Virology 16:790–796
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Krug R. M., Broni B. B., Bouloy M. 1979; Are the 5 ends of influenza viral mRNAs synthesised in vitro donated by host mRNAs?. Ceil 18:329–334
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Lamb R. A., Choppin P. W. 1977; Synthesis of influenza virus polypeptides in cells resistant to alpha-amanitin: evidence for the involvement of cellular RNA polymerase II in virus replication. Journal of Virology 23:816–819
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  27. McGeoch D., Kitron N. 1975; Influenza virion RNA-dependent RNA polymerase: stimulation by guanosine and related compounds. Journal of Virology 15:686–695
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Mahy B. W. J., Hastie N. D., Armstrong S. J. 1972; Inhibition of influenza virus replication by a-amanitin: mode of action. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 69:1421–1424
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Mowshowitz S. L. 1978; PI is required for initiation of cRNA synthesis in WSN influenza virus. Virology 91:493–495
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Mowshowitz S. L., Ueda M. 1976; Temperature-sensitive virion transcriptase activity in mutants of WSN influenza virus. Archives of Virology 52:135–141
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Nichol S. T. 1980; In vitro transcription offowl plague virus RNA. Ph.D. thesis University of Cambridge;
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Palese P. 1977; The genes ofinfluenza virus. Cell 10:1–10
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Penhoet E., Miller H., Doyle M., Blatti S. 1971; RNA dependent RNA polymerase activity in influenza virions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 68:1369–1371
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Plotch S. J., Krug R. M. 1977; Influenza virion transcriptase: the synthesis in vitro oflarge poly A-containing cRNA. Journal of Virology 21:24–34
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Plotch S. J., Krug R. M. 1978; Segments of influenza virus complementary RNA synthesized in vitro. Journal of Virology 25:579–586
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Plotch S. J., Tomasz J., Krug R. M. 1978; Absence of detectable capping and methylating enzymes in influenza virions. Journal of Virology 28:75–83
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Plotch S. J., Bouloy M., Krug R. M. 1979; Transfer of 5′ terminal cap of globin mRNA to influenza viral complementary RNA during transcription in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 76:1617–1622
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Plotch S. J., Bouloy M., Ulmanen I., Krug R. M. 1981; Initiation of influenza viral RNA transcription by capped RNA primers: a unique cap(m7 GpppXm)-dependent virion endonuclease generates 5′ terminal RNA fragments that prime transcription. Cell 23:847–858
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Robertson H. D., Dickson E., Plotch S. J., Krug R. M. 1980; Identification of the RNA region transferred from a representative primer, β-globin mRNA, to influenza mRNA during in vitro transcription. Nucleic Acids Research 8:925–942
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Scholtissek C. 1978; The genome of the influenza virus. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology 80:139–169
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Scholtissek C. 1979; Influenza virus genetics. Advances in Genetics 20:1–36
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Scholtjssek C., Bowles A. 1975; Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of fowl plague virus. Virology 67:576–587
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Scholtissek C., Rott R. 1970; Synthesis in vivo of influenza virus plus and minus strand RNA and its preferential inhibition by antibiotics. Virology 40:989–996
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Scholtissek C., Kruczinna R., Rott R., Klenk H. D. 1974; Characteristics of an influenza mutant temperature-sensitive for viral RNA synthesis. Virology 58:317–322
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Skehel J. J. 1971; RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity of the influenza virus. Virology 45:793–796
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Spooner L. L. R., Barry R. D. 1977; Participation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II in replication of influenza viruses. Nature, London 268:650–652
    [Google Scholar]
  47. Sugiura A., Ueda M., Tobita K., Enomoto C. 1975; Further isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of influenza virus. Virology 65:363–373
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Szilagyi J. F., Pringle C. R. 1972; Effect of temperature sensitive mutations on the virion associated RNA transcriptase of vesicular stomatitis virus. Journal of Molecular Biology 71:281–291
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Szilagyi J. F., Pringle C. R. 1979; Effect of temperature-sensitive mutation on activity of the RNA transcriptase of vesicular stomatitis virus New Jersey. Journal of Virology 30:692–700
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-57-2-407
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-57-2-407
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error