1887

Abstract

SUMMARY

Purified preparations of Semliki Forest (SFV) and Sindbis virus haemolyse red blood cells from several species of animals and birds. The optimal haemolysis by SFV was obtained at pH 5.8 with 1-day-old chick erythrocytes incubated at room temperature. Considerable variation in haemolytic activity was observed between different virus preparations purified by different methods. The haemolytic activity of SFV was inhibited by antisera against whole virus or isolated envelope proteins but not with antiserum against virus capsid protein. Neither lipid and detergent-free envelope protein octamers with high haemagglutinating titre, nor isolated nucleocapsids caused haemolysis. Fresh, unpurified SFV and Sindbis virus preparations did not haemolyse unless they were exposed for repeated cycles of freezing and thawing. It appears that the haemolytic activity resides in the virus glycoproteins(s) but can only be manifested in slightly damaged whole virus particles.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-43-3-593
1979-06-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/43/3/JV0430030593.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-43-3-593&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bratt M. A., Clavell L. A. 1972; Hemolytic interaction of Newcastle Disease virus and chicken erythrocytes. I. Quantitative comparison procedure. Applied Microbiology 23:454–460
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Burge B. W., Pfefferkorn E. R. 1966; Isolation and characterization of conditional lethal mutants of Sindbis virus. Virology 30:204–213
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Clarke D. H., Casals J. 1958; Techniques for hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition with arthropodborne viruses. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 7:561–573
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Clavell L. A., Bratt M. A. 1972; Haemolytic interaction of Newcastle Disease virus and chicken erythrocytes. II. Determining factors. Applied Microbiology 23:461–470
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Davis A. E. 1971; Lipid composition of Sindbis virus. Virology 46:711–720
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Demeio J. L. 1962; Discussion and preliminary reports: measles virus hemolysin. Virology 16:342–344
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Fukai K., Suzuki T. 1955; On the characteristics of a newly isolated hemagglutinating virus from mice. Medical Journal of Osaka University 6:1–15
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Gething M. J., White J. M., Waterfield M. D. 1978; Purification of the fusion protein of Sendai virus: Analysis of the NH2-terminal sequence generated during precursor activation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 75:2737–2740
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hall W. W., Martin S. J. 1974; The biochemical and biological characteristics of the surface components of measles virus. Journal of General Virology 22:363–374
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Helenius A., Von Bonsdorff C.-H. 1976; Semliki Forest virus membrane proteins: preparation and characterization of spike complexes soluble in detergent free medium. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 436:895–899
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Homma M. 1972; Trypsin action on the growth of Sendai virus in tissue culture cells. II. Restoration of the hemolytic activity of L-cell borne Sendai virus by trypsin. Journal of Virology 9:829–835
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Homma M., Ohuchi M. 1973; Trypsin action on the growth of Sendai virus in tissue culture cells. III. Structural differences of Sendai viruses grown in eggs and tissue culture cells. Journal of Virology 12:1457–1465
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Homma M., Shimizu K., Shimizu Y., Ishida N. 1976; On the study of Sendai hemolysis. I. Complete Sendai virus lacking in hemolytic activity. Virology 71:41–47
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hosaka Y., Shimizu Y. K. 1972a; Artificial assembly of envelope particles of HVJ. I. Assembly of hemolytic and fusion factors from envelopes solubilized by Nonidet P40. Virology 49:627–639
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hosaka Y., Shimizu Y. K. 1972b; Artificial assembly of envelope particles of HVJ. II. Lipid components for formation of the active hemolysis. Virology 49:640–646
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kaariainen L., Simons K., Von Bonsdorff C.-H. 1969; Studies in subviral components of Semliki Forest virus. Annales Medicinae Experimental et Biologiae Fenniae 47:235–248
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kääriäinen L., Söderlund H. 1971; Properties of Semliki Forest virus nucleocapsids. I. Sensitivity to pancreatic ribonuclease. Virology 43:291–299
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Kääriäinen L., Söderlund H. 1978; Structure and replication of alphaviruses. In Current Topics of Microbiology and Immunology 82:15–69
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Karabatsos N. 1963; Hemolytic properties of eastern and western equine encephalitis viruses. Journal of Immunology 91:76–82
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Karabatsos N. 1965; Further studies on the haemolytic properties of arboviruses. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 118:461–465
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Karabatsos N. 1973; Density gradient characterization of disrupted and untreated eastern encephalitis virus. Archiv für die Gesamte Virusforschung 40:222–235
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Kilham L. 1949; A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) hemolysin. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 71:63–66
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Klemola E., Kääriäinen L. 1965; Cytomegalovirus as a possible cause of a disease resembling infectious mononucleosis. British Medical Journal ii:1099–1102
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Morgan H. R., Enders J. F., Wagley P. F. 1948; A hemolysin associated with the mumps virus. Journal of Experimental Medicine 88:503–514
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Neurath A. R., Vernon S. K., Hartzell R. W., Wiener F. P., Rubin B. A. 1973; Hemolysis by Sendai virus: involvement of a virus protein component. Journal of General Virology 19:21–36
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Palacios R., Palmiter R. D., Schimke R. T. 1972; Identification and isolation of ovalbumin synthesizing polysomes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 247:2316–2321
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Pfefferkorn E. R., Shapiro D. 1974; Reproduction of Togaviruses. In Comprehensive Virology vol 2 pp. 171–230 Edited by Fraenkel-Conrat H., Wagner R. R. New York: Plenum Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Rueckert R. R., Schäfer W. 1965; Studies on the structure of viruses of the Columbia SK group. I. Purification and properties of ME-virus grown in Ehrlich ascites cell suspensions. Virology 26:333–344
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Scheid A., Caliguiri L. A., Compans R. W., Choppin P. W. 1972; Isolation of paramyxovirus glycoproteins. Association of both hemagglutinating and neuraminidase activities with the larger SV5 glycoprotein. Virology 50:640–652
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Scheid A., Choppin P. W. 1973; Isolation and purification of the envelope proteins of Newcastle disease virus. Journal of Virology 11:263–271
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Scheid A., Choppin P. W. 1974; Identification of biological activities of paramyxovirus glycoproteins. Activation of cell fusion, hemolysis and infectivity by proteolytic cleavage of an inactive precursor protein of Sendai virus. Virology 57:475–490
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Scheid A., Choppin P. W. 1976; Protease activation mutants of Sendai virus. Activation of biological properties by specific proteases. Virology 69:265–277
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Scheid A., Choppin P. W. 1977; Two disulfide linked polypeptide chains constitute the active F protein of paramyxoviruses. Virology 80:54–66
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Schlesinger M. J., Schlesinger S., Burge B. W. 1972; Identification of a second glycoprotein in Sindbis virus. Virology 47:539–541
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Seto J. T., Becht H., Rott R. 1974; Effect of specific antibodies on biological functions of the envelope components of Newcastle disease virus. Virology 61:354–360
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Shimizu Y. K., Shimizu K., Ishida N., Homma M. 1976; On the study of Sendai virus hemolysis. II. Morphological study of envelope fusion and haemolysis. Virology 71:48–60
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Simons K., Keränen S., Kääriäinen L. 1973; Identification of a precursor for one of the Semliki Forest virus membrane proteins. FEBS Letters 29:87–91
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Söderlund H., Kääriäinen L., Von Bonsdorff C.-H., Weckströ M. P. 1972; Properties of Semliki Forest virus nucleocapsid. II. An irreversible contraction by acid pH. Virology 47:753–760
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Strauss J. H., Burge B. W., Darnell J. E. 1969; Sindbis virus infection of chick and hamster cells: synthesis of virus specific proteins. Virology 37:367–376
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Strauss J. H., Strauss E. G. 1976; Togaviruses. In The Molecular Biology of Animal Viruses pp. 111–166 Edited by Nayak D. P. New York: Marcell Dekker;
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Ziemiecki A., Garoff H. 1978; The subunit composition of the membrane glycoprotein complex of Semliki Forest virus. Journal of Molecular Biology 122:259–269
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-43-3-593
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-43-3-593
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error