@article{mbs:/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-41-2-385, author = "Appel, Max J. G.", title = "Reversion to Virulence of Attenuated Canine Distemper Virus In Vivo and In Vitro", journal= "Journal of General Virology", year = "1978", volume = "41", number = "2", pages = "385-393", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-41-2-385", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-41-2-385", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2099", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "SUMMARY Reversion to virulence of dog kidney cell attenuated canine distemper virus (CDV), Rockborn strain, was demonstrated after serial passage in dogs. The same strain also reverted to virulence after serial passage in canine macrophage cultures. Criteria for virulence in dogs included clinical signs, weight loss, elevated body temperatures, reduced total lymphocyte counts, impaired blastogenesis responses of blood lymphocytes, appearance of virus antigen in epithelial cells, the character of neutralizing antibody responses and the capability of re-isolated virus to grow in canine macrophage cultures.", }