1887

Abstract

Summary

Poxviruses isolated from captive elephants in Germany have been characterized. Although related to vaccinia and even more closely to cowpox virus, the separate identity of elephantpox virus was established by both biological and serological methods. Elephantpox virus produces A-type inclusions in infected cells, as did cowpox, but had a lower ceiling temperature, was more heat resistant and affected rabbits differently. Cross neutralization tests on absorbed sera indicated that elephantpox, cowpox and vaccinia viruses shared one surface antigen, that elephantpox and vaccinia shared an antigen absent from cowpox, and that vaccinia virus had a surface antigen absent from elephantpox and cowpox viruses.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-37-2-407
1977-11-01
2024-12-06
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jgv/37/2/JV0370020407.html?itemId=/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-37-2-407&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baxby D. 1969; Variability in the pocks produced on the chick chorioallantois by white pock mutants of cowpox and other poxviruses. Journal of Hygiene 67:637–647
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Baxby D. 1972a; A comparison of the antigens present on the surface of virus released artificially from chick cells infected with vaccinia virus and cowpox virus and its white pock mutant. Journal of Hygiene 70:353–365
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Baxby D. 1972b; Smallpox-like viruses from camels in Iran. Lancet 11:1063–1065
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Baxby D. 1974; A possible relation between human pathogenicity of smallpox vaccines and virus growth at elevated temperatures. Journal of Hygiene 73:35–37
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Baxby D. 1975a; Laboratory characteristics of British and Dutch strains of cowpox virus. Zentralblatt für Veterinarmedizin B 22:480–487
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Baxby D. 1975b; Identification and interrelationships of the variola/vaccinia subgroup of poxviruses. Progress in Medical Virology 19:215–246
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Baxby D. 1977; Poxvirus hosts and reservoirs – a short review. Archives of Virology (in the press)
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Baxby D., Hill B. J. 1971; Characteristics of a new poxvirus isolated from Indian buffaloes. Archiv für die Gesamte Virusforschung 35:70–79
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Bedson H. S., Dumbell K. R. 1961; The effect of temperature on the growth of poxviruses in the chick embryo. Journal of Hygiene 59:457–469
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Bedson H. S., Dumbell K. R. 1964; Hybrids derived from the viruses of variola major and cowpox. Journal of Hygiene 62:147–158
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Bedson H. S., Dumbell K. R., Thomas W. R. G. 1963; Variola in Tanganyika. Lancet 11:1085–1088
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Boulter E. A. 1957; The titration of vaccinial neutralizing antibody on chorioallantoic membranes. Journal of Hygiene 55:502–512
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Downie A. W. 1939; A study of the lesions produced experimentally by cowpox virus. Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology 48:361–379
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Downie A. W., Haddock D. R. W. 1952; A variant of cowpox virus. Lancet 1:1049–1050
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Dumbell K. R., Huq F. 1975; Epidemiological implications of the typing of variola isolates. Transactions of the Royal Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 69:303–306
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Gehring H., Mahnel H., Mayer H. 1972; Elefantenpocken. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin B19:258–261
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Gispen R., Brand-Saathof B. 1972; ‘White’ poxviruses from monkeys. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 46:585–592
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Gispen R., Brand-Saathof B. 1974; Three specific antigens produced in vaccinia, variola and monkeypox infections. Journal of Infectious Diseases 129:289–295
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Kato S., Hara J., Ogawa H., Miyamoto H., Kamahora J. 1963; Inclusion markers of cowpox and alastrim virus. Bikens Journal 6:233–235
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kato S., Takahashi M., Kameyama S., Kamahora J. 1959; A study of the immunological relationships between the inclusions of variola, cowpox, rabbitpox and vaccinia (variola origin) and vaccinia IHD, and a consideration of the term ‘Guarnieri Body’. Bikens Journal 2:353–363
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mahnel H. 1974; Labordifferenzierung der Orthopockenviren. Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin B21:242–258
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Rondle C. J. M., Dumbell K. R. 1962; Antigens of cowpox virus. Journal of Hygiene 60:41–44
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Rondle C. J. M., Sayeed K. A. R. 1972; Studies on monkeypox virus. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 46:577–583
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Thomas E. K., Palmer E. L., Obueski J. F., Nakano J. H. 1975; Further characterisation of racoonpox virus. Archives of Virology 49:217–227
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-37-2-407
Loading
/content/journal/jgv/10.1099/0022-1317-37-2-407
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error