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Electrophoretic analyses of the 50S and 35S Newcastle disease virus-specific RNAs from infected cells before and after heat denaturation make it possible to demonstrate that these regions each contain single-stranded RNAs with corresponding S values as well as partially base-paired structures. The partially base-paired structures which sediment at 50S (40 to 60S) have a distribution in gels similar to that of the in vitro transcriptive intermediates, and they remain when 50S RNA synthesis (replication) is blocked by cycloheximide. The partially base-paired 35S RNA is more homogeneous and is neither labelled in the in vitro transcription reaction nor when infected cells are treated with cycloheximide. These base-paired structures may, therefore, be involved in transcription and replication, respectively.
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