A pooled normal human serum at up to about 1:4000 dilution inhibited haemagglutination by rabies and vesicular stomatitis viruses. Serum lipoproteins were found to carry almost all of the inhibitory activity, which specifically resided in the phospholipids of these lipoproteins. Commercially available phospholipids and cholesterol were also effective inhibitors of virus haemagglutination. The inhibitory activity of the mixture of cholesterol and lecithin tested against the haemagglutinins of vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus and an arbovirus (LaCrosse strain of California arbovirus group) were 2 to 8 times higher than that for the lipids alone, whereas the inhibitory activity of the mixture of cholesterol and palmitic acid was not higher than that of cholesterol alone. Adsorption with kaolin, as well as fractionation by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, effectively separated the non-specific inhibitors from specific antibodies contained in burro anti-rabies virus serum.
AltemeierW. A.,
MundonF. K.,
TopF. H.,
RussellP. K.1970; Method for extracting viral hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies from the nonspecific inhibitors of serum. Applied Microbiology 19:785–790
FaheyJ. L.,
TerryE. W.1967; Ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. In Handbook of experimental immunology pp 19–43 Edited by
WeirD. M.
Oxford: Blackwell;
FolchJ.,
LeesM.,
Sloane-StanleyG. H.1957; A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226:497–509
GottoA. M.,
LevyR. I.,
RosenthalA. S.,
BirnbaumerM.,
FredriksonD. S.1968; The Structure and properties of human beta-lipoprotein and beta-apoprotein. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 31:699–705
HalonenP. E.,
MurphyF. A.,
FieldsB. N.,
ReeseD. R.1968; Hemagglutinin of rabies and some other bullet-shaped viruses. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 127:1037–1042
HalonenP. E.,
NikkariT.,
ToivanenP.1969; Nonspecific serum inhibitors of rabies and vesicular stomatitis virus hemagglutinins. The Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 23:108–59
HatchF. T.,
LeesR. A.1968; Practical methods for plasma lipoprotein analysis. In Advances in Lipid Research vol 6 pp 1–68 Edited by
PaolettiR.,
KritchevskyD.
New York: Academic Press;
HaukenesG.,
AasenJ.1971; Rubella haemagglutination inhibitors: Their separation from antibodies. Acta pathologica et microbiologica scandinavica B 79:679–685
HavelR. J.,
EderH. A.,
BragdonJ. H.1955; The distribution and chemical composition of ultracentrifugally separated lipoproteins in human serum. Journal of Clinical Investigation 34:1345–1353
WorkT. H.1964; Isolation and identification of arthropod-borne viruses. In Diagnostic Procedures for Viral and Rickettsial Diseases pp 312–355 Edited by
LennetteE. H.,
SchmidtN. J.
New York: American Public Health Association, Inc;