- Volume 68, Issue 6, 2018

A novel strain, designated Y1A-10 4-9-1T, with Gram-stain-positive and rod-shaped cells, was isolated from paddy soil in Yingtan, Jiangxi, China. Cells were 0.15–0.2 µm wide and 1.5–3.3 µm long. The optimal growth temperature was 30 °C and the optimal pH was 7.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the novel strain is closely related to Propionicimonas paludicola JCM 11933T (98.57 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 63.9 mol%. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4) and meso-diaminopimelic acid was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan layer. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, one unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified lipids. The dominant cellular fatty acids detected were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The phylogenetic and phenotypic results supported that strain Y1A-10 4-9-1T is a novel species of the genus Propionicimonas , for which the name Propionicimonas ferrireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Y1A-10 4-9-1T (=CCTCC AB 2016249T=KCTC 15566T=LMG 29810T).

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, motile, rod- or cocci-shaped bacterium with flagella bacterium (THG-T63T) was isolated from freshwater mud. Growth occurred at 10–40 °C (optimum, 28–35 °C), at pH 6–8 (optimum, 7) and at 0–6 % NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of strain THG-T63T were identified as Nocardioides panacisoli KCTC 19470T (97.5 %), Nocardioides caeni KCTC 19600T (96.4 %), Nocardioides humi KCTC 19265T (96.3 %), Nocardioides kongjuensis KCTC 19054T (96.1 %) and Nocardioides nitrophenolicus KCTC 457BPT (96.1 %). 16S rRNA sequence similarities among strain THG-T63T and other species were lower than 96.0 %. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and one unidentified phospholipid. The quinone system was composed of MK-8 (H4). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 1 ω6c, C17 : 1 ω8c, C18 : 0 10-methyl, C18 : 1 ω9c and iso-C16 : 0. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content of strain THG-T63T was 74.6 mol%. Strain THG-T63T exhibited levels of DNA–DNA relatedness of 20–44 % to the type strains of phylogenetically related Nocardioides species and could be differentiated from these species based on differences in phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of the data presented here, strain THG-T63T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides , for which the name Nocardioides pelophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-T63T(=KACC 19192T=CGMCC 4.7388T).

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-G57T was isolated from a soil sample collected from the bottom of a river in Chad. A polyphasic approach was employed to determine the status of strain NEAU-G57T. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the organism should be assigned to the genus Pseudonocardia and formed a monophyletic clade with its closest relatives Pseudonocardia yuanmoensis YIM 75926T (98.8 %), Pseudonocardia halophobica DSM 43089T (98.2 %) and Pseudonocardia kujensis A 4038T (97.6 %). Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of strain NEAU-G57T also confirmed the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Pseudonocardia . The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and whole-cell sugars were glucose, xylose, arabinose and galactose. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The phospholipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylmethylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c. The DNA G+C content was 73.3 mol%. However, the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness and some phenotypic characteristics allowed the isolate to be differentiated from its closely related species. Therefore, it is concluded that strain NEAU-G57T can be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Pseudonocardia , for which the name Pseudonocardia lutea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-G57T (=JCM 32387T=CGMCC 4.7397T).

Bacterial whole-genome sequences contain informative features of their evolutionary pathways. Comparison of whole-genome sequences have become the method of choice for classification of prokaryotes, thus allowing the identification of bacteria from an evolutionary perspective, and providing data to resolve some current controversies. Currently, controversy exists about the assignment of members of the Mycobacterium avium complex, as is for the cases of Mycobacterium yongonense and ‘Mycobacterium indicus pranii’. These two mycobacteria, closely related to Mycobacterium intracellulare on the basis of standard phenotypic and single gene-sequences comparisons, were not considered a member of such species on the basis on some particular differences displayed by a single strain. Whole-genome sequence comparison procedures, namely the average nucleotide identity and the genome distance, showed that those two mycobacteria should be considered members of the species M. intracellulare . The results were confirmed with other whole-genome comparison supplementary methods. According to the data provided, Mycobacterium yongonense and ‘Mycobacterium indicus pranii’ should be considered and renamed and included as members of M. intracellulare . This study highlights the problems caused when a novel species is accepted on the basis of a single strain, as was the case for M. yongonense . Based mainly on whole-genome sequence analysis, we conclude that M. yongonense should be reclassified as a subspecies of Mycobacterium intracellulare as Mycobacterium intracellulare subsp. yongonense and ‘Mycobacterium indicus pranii’ classified in the same subspecies as the type strain of Mycobacterium intracellulare and classified as Mycobacterium intracellulare subsp. intracellulare.

A halophilic archaeal strain, designated ZS-35-S2T, was isolated from Zhoushan marine solar saltern in Zhejiang Province, China. Cells were pleomorphic, Gram-stain-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on agar plates. The cells lysed in distilled water and the minimal NaCl concentration to prevent cell lysis was 8 % (w/v). Strain ZS-35-S2T was able to grow at 25–50 °C (optimum, 37 °C), with 1.4–4.8 M NaCl (optimum, 2.1 M), with 0–1.0 M MgCl2 (optimum, 0.1 M) and at pH 5.0–9.5 (optimum, pH 7.5). Phylogenetic tree reconstructions based on 16S rRNA genes and rpoB′ genes revealed that strain ZS-35-S2T was distinct from the related genera Halomarina , Natronomonas , Halorientalis , Salinirubrum and Halobaculum of the order Halobacteriales . The major polar lipids of the strain were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester and three unidentified glycolipids. The two major glycolipids were chromatographically identical to S-DGD-1 and DGD-1, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain ZS-35-S2T is 67.0 mol%. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties suggested that strain ZS-35-S2T (=CGMCC 1.12551T=JCM 30036T) represents a novel species of a new genus within the order Halobacteriales , for which the name Salinirubellus salinus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed.

A novel hyperthermophilic, acidophilic and facultatively anaerobic archaeon, strain KD-1T, was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Indonesia and characterized with the phylogenetically related species Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis Kurosawa et al. 1998, Sulfolobus tokodaii Suzuki et al., 2002 and Sulfolobus yangmingensis Jan et al. 1999. Cells of KD-1T were irregular cocci with diameters of 0.9–1.3 µm. The strain grew at 60–90 °C (optimum 80–85 °C), pH 2.5–6.0 (optimum pH 3.5–4.0) and 0–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl concentration. KD-1T grew anaerobically in the presence of S0 (headspace: H2/CO2) and FeCl3 (headspace: N2). Under aerobic conditions, chemolithoautotrophic growth occurred on S0, pyrite, K2S4O6, Na2S2O3 and H2. This strain utilized various complex substrates, such as yeast extract, but did not grow on sugars and amino acids as the sole carbon source. The main core lipids were calditoglycerocaldarchaeol and caldarchaeol. The DNA G+C content was 30.6 mol%. Analyses of phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes indicated that KD-1T formed an independent lineage near Sulfurisphaera ohwakuensis TA-1T, Sulfolobus tokodaii 7T and Sulfolobus yangmingensis YM1T. On the basis of the results of morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, KD-1T represents a novel species of the genus Sulfurisphaera Kurosawa et al. 1998, for which the name Sulfurisphaera javensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KD-1T (=JCM 32117T=InaCC Ar81T). Based on the data, we also propose the reclassification of Sulfolobus tokodaii Suzuki et al., 2002 as Sulfurisphaera tokodaii comb. nov. (type strain 7T=JCM 10545T=DSM 16993T).

A bacterial strain, designated TH167T, was isolated from cyanobacterial aggregates in eutrophic Lake Taihu in China. Cells were observed to be slightly curved rod-shaped, motile by gliding, aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, proteorhodopsin-containing. Optimal growth was obtained at pH 7.0 (range: 6.0–9.0), 28 °C (range: 4–32 °C) and 0 % (w/v) NaCl (range: 0–2.0 %) in Reasoner’s 2A broth. No growth was observed at 37 °C. The cells were found to be positive for catalase and oxidase activities. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were identified as iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and anteiso-C15 : 0. The major polar lipids of the isolate comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified aminolipids. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6. The genomic G+C content of strain TH167T was 40.4 mol% based on total genome calculations. Based on similarities of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain TH167T was affiliated with the genus Flavobacterium , exhibiting the highest sequence similarities to Flavobacterium eburneum SA31T (94.16 %), Flavobacterium yanchengense hgT (94.09 %) and Flavobacterium lacus NP180T (93.95 %). The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, and genome analysis suggested that strain TH167T represented a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium aurantiibacter sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TH167T (=CGMCC 1.15805T=LMG 29719T).

A novel bacterium, designated strain CA-1T, was isolated from forest soil in Kyonggi University. Cells were strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and red-orange-pigmented. Strain CA-1T hydrolysed casein and DNA. It was able to grow at 15–37 °C, pH 5.5–9.0 and at 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl concentration. Flexirubin-type pigments were present. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain CA-1T formed a lineage within the family Crocinitomicaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes that was distinct from Fluviicola hefeinensis MYL-8T (96.8 % sequence similarity) and Fluviicola taffensis DSM 16823T (96.1 %). Strain CA-1T contained menaquinone-6 as a sole respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified aminolipids, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C15 : 0 2-OH, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and iso-C15 : 1 G. The DNA G+C content of strain CA-1T was 44.1 mol%. The polyphasic characterization revealed that strain CA-1T represents a novel species in the genus Fluviicola , for which the name Fluviicola kyonggii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CA-1T (=KEMB 9005-526T=KACC 19148T=NBRC 112684T).

A yellow-pigmented bacterial strain (JR1T) isolated from a sediment sample was subjected to a taxonomic study, based on phenotypic, genetic and physiological characterization. Here, we describe the cultivation and characteristics of strain JR1T, a novel member of the genus Carboxylicivirga in the family Marinilabiliaceae . Cells of strain JR1T were rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and facultatively anaerobic. The temperature range for growth was 15–42 °C (optimum, 33 °C) and the pH range for growth was pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5). Growth occurred in the presence of 0.0–10.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.0–3.0 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis produced results with 97.4 % similarity to Carboxylicivirga taeanensis MEBiC 08903T, 96.8 % similarity to Carboxylicivirga mesophila MEBiC 07026T, 94.9 % similarity to Carboxylicivirga linearis FB218T and 94.6 % similarity to Carboxylicivirga flava Q15T. The DNA G+C content was 42.3 mol% and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C17 : 1ω6c and iso-C17 : 0-3OH. The major polar lipids detected were phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified lipids; the major respiratory quinone detected was MK-7. The results of the phenotypical, phylogenetic and biochemical analyses between the study strain and some related type strains indicated that this strain represent a novel species of the genus Carboxylicivirga within the family Marinilabiliaceae , for which the name Carboxylicivirga sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JR1T (=MCCC 1K03323T=KCTC 52869T).

A yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, catalase-negative and oxidase-positive bacterium, designated strain HR-AYT, was isolated from a water sample of the Han River. Cells were non-motile rods without flagella. Growth was observed at 5–30 °C (optimum, 20 °C), pH 5–9 (optimum, pH 7) and 0 % NaCl. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6. Strain HR-AYT did not produce flexirubin-type pigments. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phosphoamino lipid as major polar lipids, and four unidentified lipids were also detected as minor lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain HR-AYT was 34.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HR-AYT belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae in the phylum Bacteroidetes , and formed a phylogenic lineage with members of the genus Flavobacterium . The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that strain HR-AYT was most closely related to Flavobacterium chungbukense CS100T (97.91 %) and Flavobacterium glaciei 0499T (97.74 %). Based on these results, strain HR-AYT represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium alvei sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HR-AYT (=KACC 19407T=JCM 32264T).

A novel orange-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain HR-UT, was isolated from a water sample of the Han River located in the Republic of Korea. Cells were catalase-positive and oxidase-positive, and non-motile curved rods without flagella. The strain grew at 5–35 °C (optimum 25 °C), pH 6–10 (optimum of 7–8) and 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HR-UT formed a tight phylogenic lineage with Siphonobacter aquaeclarae DSM 21668T and ‘ Siphonobacter intestinalis’ 63MJ-2. The 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison of strain HR-UT and other reported type strains showed that it shared the highest sequence similarity to S. aquaeclarae DSM 21668T (96.9 %) and ‘S. intestinalis’ 63MJ-2 (96.6 %), and had lower similarities than 87.0 % to other bacteria with validly published names. Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain HR-UT and the most closely related strain S. aquaeclarae were 71.7 and 18.4 %, respectively. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7, and the dominant fatty acids (>5 %) consisted of C16 : 1 ω5c, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and iso-C15 : 0. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content was 47.9 mol%. Based on the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analyses, strain HR-UT represents a novel species of the genus Siphonobacter , for which the name Siphonobacter curvatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HR-UT (=KACC 19409T=JCM 32267T).

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 15182T, was isolated from a saline lake in China. The novel strain 15182T was able to grow at 10–40 °C (optimum, 37 °C), pH 7.0–8.0 (optimum, 7.5) and with 0.5–4 % NaCl (optimum, 2–3 %, w/v). The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 15182T was most closely related to the genus Rhodohalobacter by sharing the highest sequence similarity of 97.0 % with Rhodohalobacter halophilus JZ3C29T. Chemotaxonomic analysis showed that the sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7, the major fatty acids included C16 : 0 N alcohol and C16 : 1 ω11c. The major polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, four uncharacterized glycolipids, one uncharacterized phospholipid and two uncharacterized lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain 15182T was 42.4 mol%. The average nucleotide identity value between 15182T and R. halophilus JZ3C29T was 75.4 %, and the in silico DNA–DNA hybridization value of the two strains was 19.1 %. On the basis of its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, genotypic and genomic characteristics presented in this study, strain 15182T is suggested to represent a novel species in the genus Rhodohalobacter, for which the name Rhodohalobacter barkolensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 15182T (=KCTC 62172T=MCCC 1K03442T). An emended description of the genus Rhodohalobacter is also presented.

A novel strain, designated HMF3095T, isolated from freshwater of a mesotrophic artificial lake in the Republic of Korea, was characterized by polyphasic taxonomy. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, straight rods and formed reddish colonies. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain HMF3095T fell within the cluster of the genus Hymenobacter and was most closely related to Hymenobacter seoulensis 16F7GT and Hymenobacter tenuis POB6T (96.7 % sequence similarity). Sequence similarities to all other type strains were 96.3 % or less. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω5c, summed feature 4 (iso-C17 : 1 I and/or anteiso-C17 : 1 B), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and anteiso-C15 : 0. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminophospholipids and one unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 58.9 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMF3095T represents a novel species of the genus Hymenobacter , for which the name Hymenobacter aquatilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMF3095T (=KCTC 52398T=NBRC 112669T).

A Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive, endospore-forming, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium (THG-YT1T) was isolated from green tea. Growth occurred at 10–40 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 6–8 (optimum, 7) and at 0–2 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, phylogenetic analyses showed that strain THG-YT1T formed a distinct lineage with respect to closely related genera in the family Bacillaceae . Strain THG-YT1T was most closely related to the genera within the families Pullulanibacillus , Scopulibacillus , Tuberibacillus and Caenibacillu, with levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type species of members of these genera of less than 95.0 %. The menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminophospholipids, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified glycolipids. The major fatty acids of strain THG-YT1T were C18 : 3 ω7c and anteiso-C17 : 0. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A1γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid plus alanine and glutamic acid. The cell-wall sugar was glucose. The DNA G+C content of strain THG-YT1T was determined to be 53.5 mol%. Based on the data presented here, strain THG-YT1T represents a novel species of a new genus of the family Bacillaceae , for which the name Camelliibacillus cellulosilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Camelliibacillus cellulosilyticus THG-YT1T(=KACC 19471T=CGMCC 1.16306T).

Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore forming bacteria have been isolated from flowers and the guts of adult wild bees in the families Megachilidae and Halictidae. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that these bacteria belong to the genus Lactobacillus , and are most closely related to the honey-bee associated bacteria Lactobacillus kunkeei (97.0 % sequence similarity) and Lactobacillus apinorum (97.0 % sequence similarity). Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA genes and six single-copy protein coding genes, in situ and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization, and fatty-acid profiling differentiates the newly isolated bacteria as three novel Lactobacillus species: Lactobacillus micheneri sp. nov. with the type strain Hlig3T (=DSM 104126T,=NRRL B-65473T), Lactobacillus timberlakei with the type strain HV_12T (=DSM 104128T,=NRRL B-65472T), and Lactobacillus quenuiae sp. nov. with the type strain HV_6T (=DSM 104127T,=NRRL B-65474T).

A Gram-variable, short-rod-shaped, motile, spore-forming, strictly aerobic and alkaliresistant bacterium, designed strain J-3T, was isolated from farmland soil sampled in Yancheng city, Jiangsu province, China. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, pH 7.0–8.0 and 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain J-3T was most closely related to Paenibacillusripae HZ1T (96.8 %), followed by Paenibacillussputi KIT00200-70066-1T (94.7 %). The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. The dominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 and the DNA G+C content was 41.2 mol%. The major polar lipids of strain J-3T were aminolipid, phospholipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphoaminolipid and phosphatidylethanolamine. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic data, strain J-3T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus , for which the name Paenibacillus yanchengensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is J-3T (=KCTC 33926T=CGMCC 1.16455T).

Three Gram-variable, moderately halophilic, motile, endospore-forming rods, designated P2-C2T, P3-H5T and P3-B8, were isolated from marine sediment of the Southwest Indian Ocean by using the microfluidic streak plate method. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains P2-C2T and P3-H5T formed a robust cluster within the genus Virgibacillus and exhibited 16S rRNA gene similarity levels of 95.3–96.8 and 94.9–96.3 % to the type strains of Virgibacillus species, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene similarity between P2-C2T and P3-H5T was 97.6 %. Strain P3-B8 has an identical 16S rRNA gene sequence to strain P3-H5T. For all the novel strains, the predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0, the main menaquinone was MK-7, and the polar lipid profiles contained diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains P2-C2T, P3-H5T and P3-B8 were 38.3, 37.3 and 37.5 mol%, respectively. Combined data from phenotypic and genotypic studies demonstrated that strains P2-C2T and P3-H5T/P3-B8 are representatives of two different novel species of the genus Virgibacillus , for which the name Virgibacillus indicus sp. nov. and Virgibacillus profundi are proposed. The type strains are P2-C2T (=CGMCC 1.16138T=NBRC 113014T) and P3-H5T (=CGMCC 1.16139T=NBRC 113015T).