- Volume 68, Issue 1, 2018
Volume 68, Issue 1, 2018
- New Taxa
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- Bacteroidetes
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Flavobacterium commune sp. nov., isolated from freshwater and emended description of Flavobacterium seoulense
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, yellow, facultatively-anaerobic, short, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated PK15T, was isolated from freshwater. Growth was observed at 4–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 6–9 (optimum, 8), and in the presence of 0–0.8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.4 %). Strain PK15T exhibited both catalase and oxidase activities and was able to reduce nitrate. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain PK15T was shown to belong to the genus Flavobacterium with close similarities to Flavobacterium palustre S44T (97.9 %) and Flavobacterium seoulense EM1321T (97.7 %). Menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was the major respiratory quinone, while the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 35.5 (±0.9) mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminolipids, one unidentified aminophospholipid and three unidentified polar lipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids (≥10 %) were anteiso-C15 : 0 (17.3 %), a summed feature comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c (15.1 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (10.0 %). Chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain PK15T to the genus Flavobacterium . The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain PK15T from strains of closely related species. It was, therefore, evident that PK15T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium commune sp. nov. is proposed with strain PK15T (=KCTC 52562T=JCM 32115T) as the type strain. Based on the results of the chemotaxonomic characterization in the present study, an emended description of Flavobacterium seoulense is also proposed.
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Mucilaginibacter panaciglaebae sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field
More LessA Gram-reaction-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain BXN5-31T, was isolated from soil of a ginseng field, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain BXN5-31T grew at 18–37 °C and at pH 6.0–8.0 on R2A medium. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain BXN5-31T was shown to belong to the genus Mucilaginibacter and was closely related to Mucilaginibacter soyangensis HME6664T, Mucilaginibacter ximonensis XM-003T and Mucilaginibacter puniceus WS71T. The DNA G+C content was 43.6 %. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain BXN5-31T and three reference strains ( M. soyangensis HME6664T, M. ximonensis XM-003T and M. puniceus WS71T) were 9.4±1.9, 8.2±1.3 and 5.7±0.7 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain BXN5-31T to the genus Mucilaginibacter . Moreover, the physiological and biochemical results and low level of DNA–DNA relatedness allowed the phenotypic and genotypic differentiation of strain BXN5-31T from recognized species of the genus Mucilaginibacter . The isolate therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Mucilaginibacter panaciglaebae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BXN5-31T (=KACC 14957T=JCM 17085T).
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Tenacibaculum insulae sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, designated JDTF-31T, was isolated from a tidal flat in Jindo, a South Korean island. Strain JDTF-31T grew optimally at 25 °C and in the presence of 2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain JDTF-31T fell within the cluster comprising the type strains of Tenacibaculum species, joining the type strain of Tenacibaculum soleae . The novel strain exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 98.3, 97.8 and 97.1 % to the type strains of T. soleae , Tenacibaculum haliotis and Tenacibaculum ovolyticum, respectively, and of 94.2–96.8 % to the type strains of the other Tenacibaculum species. Strain JDTF-31T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain JDTF-31T were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified lipid and one unidentified aminophospholipid. The DNA G+C content of strain JDTF-31T was 31.3 mol% and its DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of T. soleae , T. haliotis and T. ovolyticum were 16–27 %. The differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic data, revealed that strain JDTF-31T is separated from other recognized species of the genus Tenacibaculum . On the basis of the data presented, strain JDTF-31T represents a novel species of the genus Tenacibaculum , for which the name Tenacibaculum insulae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JDTF-31T (=KCTC 52749T=NBRC 112783T).
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Antarcticibacterium flavum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, yellow-pigmented, non-gliding, oval to rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated JB01H24T, belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae , was isolated from marine surface sediment collected from the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Strain JB01H24T grew at 4–40 °C (optimum 25–30 °C), pH 7.0–9.0 (optimum 7.5–8.0), and in the presence of 0–8 % NaCl (optimum 3 %, w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JB01H24T formed an independent linkage within the family Flavobacteriaceae and was closely related with the genus Gillisia . Strain JB01H24T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 95.3–91.5 % and 94.9–94.0 % to the type strains of the genera Gillisia and Salinimicrobium , respectively. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c), anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1 ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, seven unidentified lipids, two unidentified aminolipids and an unidentified aminophospholipid. Strain JB01H24T contained menaquinone-6 as the only ubiquinone. The DNA G+C content was 42.4 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic properties, strain JB01H24T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus within the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Antarcticibacterium flavum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Antarcticibacterium flavum is JB01H24T (=GDMCC 1.1229T=KCTC 52984T).
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Hymenobacter defluvii sp. nov., isolated from wastewater of an acidic water neutralization facility
More LessA non-motile, pink-coloured and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain POA9T, was isolated from a wastewater treatment facility, Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω5c, iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and anteiso-C15 : 0. The strain contained MK-7 as the only isoprenoid quinone, phosphatidylethanolamine as the major polar lipid and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. The DNA G+C content was 57 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain POA9T forms a distinct evolutionary lineage within the radiation enclosing the members of the genus Hymenobacter , sharing the highest similarity with Hymenobacter actinosclerus CCUG 39621T (95.5 % sequence similarity) followed by Hymenobacter seoulensis 16F7GT (95.5 %), Hymenobacter tibetensis XTM003T (95.4 %), Hymenobacter rutilus K2-33028T (95.4 %) and Hymenobacter psychrotolerans Tibet-IIU11T (94.9 %). A number of phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain POA9T from the related members of the genus Hymenobacter . On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, a novel species, Hymenobacter defluvii sp. nov., is proposed for strain POA9T (=KCTC 52270T=JCM 31658T).
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Flavobacterium naphthae sp. nov., isolated from oil-contaminated soil
More LessDuring a study of petroleum hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, a yellow-coloured, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain Brt-MT, was isolated from oil-contaminated soil of Biratnagar, Morang, Nepal. Strain Brt-MT was able to grow at 15–45 °C, pH 5.0–9.0 and 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl concentration. The strain was characterized by multiple taxonomic approaches. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain Brt-MT belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and shared highest sequence similarity with Flavobacterium cloacae wh15T (95.69 %) and Flavobacterium anatoliense MK3T (94.91 %). The only respiratory quinone was MK-6; the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine; and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 010-methyl), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The DNA G+C content was 37.2 mol%. The morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses clearly distinguished this strain from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. Thus, strain Brt-MT represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium naphthae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Brt-MT (=KEMB 9005-692T=KACC 19393T=JCM 32171T).
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Vicingus serpentipes gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the Flavobacteriales from the North Sea
A new member of the Flavobacteriales was isolated from the surface of a stone collected on the German North Sea shore. The bacterium, strain ANORD5T, is a mesophilic, chemoheterotrophic aerobic, typical marine bacterium. Optimal growth was observed at 20–30 °C, pH 7.0–8.5 and 1–2 % sea salt. The 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed a distant relationship with the representatives of the Cryomorphaceae , with less than 90 % sequence similarity. Strain ANORD5T forms a cluster together with Owenweeksia hongkongensis UST20020801T (89.9 %), Cryomorpha ignava 1-22T (87.9 %), Luteibaculum oceani CC-AMWY-103BT (88.1 %) and Phaeocystidibacter luteus PG2S01T (87.3 %). Strain ANORD5T has a low DNA G+C content (31 mol%). Based on morphological, physiological and phylogenetic data, strain ANORD5T is considered a type strain of a new species and a new genus of the family Cryomorphaceae for which the name Vicingus serpentipes is proposed. The type strain is ANORD5T (=NCIMB 15042T=DSM 103558T=MTCC 12686T).
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Gramella antarctica sp. nov., isolated from marine surface sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, yellow-coloured, motile by gliding, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated R17H11T, was isolated from surface sediment collected from the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Growth optimally occurred at 25–30 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 3 % NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain R17H11T clustered together with Gramella flava JLT2011T and fell within the genus Gramella . Strain R17H11T shared the highest 16S rRNA gene similarities (96.1 and 96.0 %) with the type strains of Gramella forsetii and G. flava , and 92.6–95.5 % similarities with those of other known Gramella species. Strain R17H11T contained menaquinone-6 as the only isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were summed feature 3 (17.5 %, comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), iso-C15 : 0 (14.0 %), summed feature 9 (11.8 %, comprising 10-methyl C16 : 0 and/or iso-C17 : 1 ω9c), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (11.8 %), iso-C16 : 0 (7.4 %), C17 : 1 ω6c (6.9 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (5.1 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified lipids, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content of strain R17H11T was 38.6 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain R17H11T represents a novel species in the genus Gramella , for which the name Gramella antarctica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is R17H11T (=GDMCC 1.1208T=KCTC 52925T).
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Mucilaginibacter amnicola sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater creek
More LessA pink-coloured bacterial strain, TAPP7T, was isolated from a freshwater creek in Taiwan. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TAPP7T belonged to the genus Mucilaginibacter and showed highest similarity with Mucilaginibacter ginsengisoli B4Y-8T (97.6 %) and Mucilaginibacter carri PR0008KT (96.9 %). Cells of strain TAPP7T were Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating and short-rod-shaped. Growth occurred at 10–30 °C (optimum, 15–20 °C), at pH 4–8 (optimum, pH 6) and with 0–1 % NaCl (optimum, 0.5 %). The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids and phospholipids. The major polyamine was homospermidine. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 45.6 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness of strain TAPP7T with respect to Mucilaginibacter ginsengisoli B4Y-8T was less than 35 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain TAPP7T should be classified as a novel species, for which the name Mucilaginibacter amnicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TAPP7T (=BCRC 80976T=LMG 29556T=KCTC 52238T).
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Pedobacter quisquiliarum sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, bacterium, C62-2T, was isolated from activated sludge in Fujian Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that it was closely related to Pedobacter duraquae WB 2.1-25T (97.92 %), Pedobacter bambusae THG-G118T (97.40 %), Pedobacter cryoconitis A37T (97.37 %) and Pedobacter caeni LMG 22862T (97.3 %). Cells grew aerobically at 20–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain C62-2T contained MK-7 as the major menaquinone and the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c, C16 : 1 ω7c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C content was 43.2 mol% (Tm ) and DNA–DNA reassociation values were 35.4 % between strain C62-2T and P. duraquae WB 2.1-25T. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic comparisons with the closely related species and DNA–DNA relatedness values, it was concluded that strain C62-2T represents a novel species within the genus Pedobacter , for which the name Pedobacter quisquiliarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is C62-2T (=CGMCC 1.15343T=NBRC 111767T).
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- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
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Streptococcus bovimastitidis sp. nov., isolated from a dairy cow with mastitis
Here we describe a new species of the genus Streptococcus that was isolated from a dairy cow with mastitis in New Zealand. Strain NZ1587T was Gram-positive, coccus-shaped and arranged as chains, catalase and coagulase negative, γ-haemolytic and negative for Lancefield carbohydrates (A-D, F and G). The 16S rRNA sequence did not match sequences in the NCBI 16S rRNA or GreenGenes databases. Taxonomic classification of strain NZ1587T was investigated using 16S rRNA and core genome phylogeny, genome-wide average nucleotide identity (ANI) and predicted DNA–DNA hybridisation (DDH) analyses. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA was unable to resolve the taxonomic position of strain NZ1587T, however NZ1587T shared 99.4 % identity at the 16S rRNA level with a distinct branch of S. pseudoporcinus . Importantly, core genome phylogeny demonstrated that NZ1587T grouped amongst the ‘pyogenic’ streptococcal species and formed a distinct branch supported by a 100 % bootstrap value. In addition, average nucleotide identity and inferred DNA–DNA hybridisation analyses showed that NZ1587T represents a novel species. Biochemical profiling using the rapid ID 32 strep identification test enabled differentiation of strain NZ1587T from closely related streptococcal species. In conclusion, strain NZ1587T can be classified as a novel species, and we propose a novel taxon named Streptococcus bovimastitidis sp. nov.; the type strain is NZ1587T. NZ1587T has been deposited in the Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG 69277T) and the Belgian Co-ordinated Collections of Micro-organisms/LMG (LMG 29747).
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Paenibacillus crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated LPB0068T, was isolated from a Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) in Korea. This isolate was found to share the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Paenibacillus macquariensis subsp. macquariensis DSM 2T (98.1 %) and Paenibacillus macquariensis subsp. defensor JCM 14954T (98.0 %). To establish the genomic relatedness of this isolate to its phylogenetic neighbours, its genome sequence and those of Paenibacillus antarcticus CECT 5836T, P. macquariensis subsp. macquariensis DSM 2T, P. macquariensis subsp. defensor JCM 14954T, and Paenibacillus glacialis DSM 22343T were determined. The low average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values exhibited by LPB0068T in relation to the other strains in this analysis revealed that it is distinct from other Paenibacillus species. The genome of strain LPB0068T consists of one chromosome and three circular plasmids, and had a DNA G+C content of 40.0 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 and the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid, one unidentified glycolipid, and two unidentified polar lipids. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C14 : 0, and C16 : 0. Based on genomic, phylogenetic, and phenotypic characteristics, this strain was clearly distinguished from other Paenibacillus species with validly published names and should therefore be classified as a novel species of the genus. The name Paenibacillus crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed, the type strain of which is LPB0068T (=KACC 18694T=JCM 31183T).
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Paenibacillus xanthanilyticus sp. nov., a xanthan-degrading bacterium isolated from soil
More LessA xanthan-degrading bacterium, strain AS7T, was isolated from soil and its taxonomic position was determined using a polyphasic approach. Strain AS7T was a Gram-stain-variable, spore-forming, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain AS7T belongs to the genus Paenibacillus , sharing the highest level of sequence similarity with Paenibacillus phyllosphaerae PALXIL04T (98.0 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. MK-7 was the dominant isoprenoid quinone and the major fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0. Polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and two unknown phospholipids. These chemotaxonomic characteristics were consistent with the isolate belonging to the genus Paenibacillus . The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 51.0 mol% and the DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain AS7T and P. phyllosphaerae PALXIL04T was only 14.4±2.5 %. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and DNA–DNA relatedness value, strain AS7T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus , for which the name Paenibacillus xanthanilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AS7T (=IBRC M 10987T=LMG 29451T).
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Characterization of Trichococcus paludicola sp. nov. and Trichococcus alkaliphilus sp. nov., isolated from a high-elevation wetland, by phenotypic and genomic analyses
Two psychrotolerant facultative anaerobes, strains B7-2T and B5T, were isolated from the Zoige Wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains B7-2T and B5T shared high similarity (>99 %) with those of the type strains of the genus Trichococcus, while their digital DNA–DNA hybridization values with each other (49 %) and with the reference type strains (48–23 %) were lower than 70 %, which suggest that they represent two novel species of the genus Trichococcus. Cells of strains B7-2T and B5T were immotile cocci, grew in the temperature range of 4–37 °C (optimum 25 °C) and were alkaliphilic with optimum growth at pH 9.0. The major components of the cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and C18 : 0 for strain B7-2T, and C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C18 : 0 for strain B5T. The genomic DNA G+C contents were 46.0 and 46.7 mol% for strains B7-2T and B5T, respectively. Based on physiological and genomic characteristics, it is suggested that strains B7-2T and B5T represent two novel species within the genus Trichococcus, for which the names Trichococcus paludicola sp. nov. and Trichococcus alkaliphilus sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are B7-2T (=DSM 104691T=KCTC 33886T) and B5T (=DSM 104692T=KCTC 33885T), respectively.
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Genome analysis-based reclassification of Bacillus weihenstephanensis as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus mycoides
More LessThe aim of this study was to clarify the taxonomic status of the species Bacillus weihenstephanensis . A complete genome sequence for the type strain of B. weihenstephanensis was compared against that of the closely related type strain of Bacillus mycoides . The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between the two type strains was greater than two recognized thresholds for bacterial species delineation, indicating that they should belong to the same genomospecies. The psychrotolerant characteristic and signature sequences of 16S rRNA and cspA genes were incapable of distinguishing B. weihenstephanensis from some non- B. weihenstephanensis strains. Meanwhile, the metabolic, physiological and chemotaxonomic features for the type strain of B. weihenstephanensis were shown to be congruent with those of B. mycoides . On this basis, the taxonomic affiliations of related strains from the Genbank database were determined using multilocus sequence typing and genomic analyses. Therefore, we propose Bacillus weihenstephanensis as a later heterotypic synonym of Bacillus mycoides and correction of erroneous species identifications for several strains.
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Salibacterium lacus sp. nov., a halophilic, non-spore-forming bacterium isolated from sediment of a saline lake
More LessA novel halophilic bacterium, strain GSS13T, capable of growing at salinities of 8–28 % (w/v) NaCl (optimally at 24 %, w/v) was isolated from Yuncheng Saline Lake in China. GSS13T was Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, motile and a non-spore-former. Growth occurred at pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum pH 7.0) and at 10–45 °C (optimum 30 °C). On the basis of the results of 16S rRNA gene sequences phylogenetic analyses, GSS13T represents a member of the genus Salibacterium and is closely related to Salibacterium halotolerans S7T, Salibacterium qingdaonense CM1T and Salibacterium halochares MSS4T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.7, 98.4 and 97.9 %, respectively. The results of DNA–DNA pairing studies revealed that GSS13T displayed 52, 43 and 48 % relatedness to S. halotolerans S7T, S. qingdaonense CM1T and S. halochares MSS4T, respectively. The polar lipids of GSS13 consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol unidentified glycolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7, and the major fatty acids were anteiso-C17 : 0 (32.0 %) and anteiso C15 : 0 (26.4 %). The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 52.1 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, a novel species of the genus Salibacterium is proposed, with the name Salibacterium lacus sp. nov. The type strain is GSS13T (=KCTC 33792T=MCCC 1K00567T).
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Bacillus populi sp. nov. isolated from Populus euphratica rhizosphere soil of the Taklamakan desert
More LessA rod-shaped, endospore-forming, aerobic bacterium, designated FJAT-45347T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil collected from the Taklamakan desert in Xinjiang (PR China). Growth was observed at 15–35 °C (optimum 25 °C), in 0 % and 20.0 % NaCl (optimum 8.0 %) and at pH 7.5–12.0 (optimum 8.0), respectively. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The main fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The main polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated FJAT-45347T to the genus Bacillus , and it showed the highest sequence similarities to Bacillus clarkii DSM 8720T (96.1 %). The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between FJAT-45347T and the most closely related species were 68.5 and 26.2 %, respectively, which were lower than the thresholds commonly used to define species (96 and 70 %, respectively), indicating that it represented a member of a different taxon. The DNA G+C content was 40.6 mol%. The phenotypic characters and taxono-genomics study revealed that FJAT-45347T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus populi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FJAT-45347T (=DSM 104632T=CCTCC AB 2016257T).
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Fictibacillus aquaticus sp. nov., isolated from downstream river water
A Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterial strain, GDSW-R2A3T, was isolated from a downstream water sample collected from the river Ganges, India. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GDSW-R2A3T revealed its affiliation to the family Bacillaceae . Further analysis using a polyphasic approach revealed that strain GDSW-R2A3T was most closely related to the genus Fictibacillus . Analysis of the almost-complete (1488 bp) 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GDSW-R2A3T revealed the highest level of sequence similarity with Fictibacillus phosphorivorans CCM 8426T (98.3 %) and Fictibacillus nanhaiensis KCTC 13712T (98.3 %) followed by Fictibacillus barbaricus DSM 14730T (98.0 %). The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain GDSW-R2A3T and the most closely related taxon, F. phosphorivorans CCM 8426T, were 20.3 and 78.2 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 44.2 mol%. The cell-wall amino acid was meso-diaminopimelic acid. Polar lipids present were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, three aminophospholipids, two phospholipids and one unidentified lipid; the major menaquinone was MK-7; iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0 were the major fatty acids. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, it can be concluded that strain GDSW-R2A3T represents a novel species of the genus Fictibacillus , for which the name Fictibacillus aquaticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GDSW-R2A3T (=VTCC-B-910015T=CCM 8782T).
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Pseudogracilibacillus endophyticus sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic and halophilic species isolated from plant root
More LessA Gram-stain-positive strain, designated DT7-02T, was isolated from the surface-sterilized root of Oenotherabiennis (evening primrose) and subjected to taxonomic characterization. Cells of DT7-02T were slender rod-shaped, motile by means of flagella, and oxidase- and catalase-positive. The colonies were circular, pinkish-yellow, opaque, glistering and 1–2 mm in diameter. The strain was moderately thermophilic and halophilic, as growth occurred at 20–44 °C (optimum 40 °C), pH 7–10 (optimum pH 8–9) and in the presence of 0–8 % of NaCl (optimum 4 %) in tryptic soy broth. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain represented a member of the genus Pseudogracilibacillus of the family Bacillaceae , and the sequence similarity was 96.5 % with Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis P-207T and 95.9 % with Pseudogracilibacillus marinus NIOT-bflm-S4T. Other related taxa were Ornithinibacillus contaminans DSM 22953T and Sinibacillus soli KCTC 33117T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 95.4 and 94.3 %, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of DT7-02T were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 35.1 mol%, and the respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The combination of chemotaxonomic properties enabled differentiation of DT7-02T from the other two species of the genus Pseudogracilibacillus . The results of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses demonstrate that strain DT7-02T (=KCTC 33854T=JCM 31192T) merits recognition as representing a novel species of the genus Pseudogracilibacillus , for which the name Pseudogracilibacillus endophyticus sp. nov. is proposed.
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Bacillus marinisedimentorum sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment
More LessA novel Gram-stain-positive, motile and facultatively anaerobic strain, designated NC2-31T, was isolated from sediment from the coast of Weihai, PR China. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 7.5 and with 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. MK-7 was the major respiratory quinone. Meso-diaminopimelic acid was a diagnostic diamino acid in the peptidoglycan. The major polar lipids of NC2-31T were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain was 46.3 mol%. The predominant cellular fatty acids (>10.0 %) of NC2-31T were iso-C15 : 0 (18.9 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (15.8 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) (15.3 %) and iso-C16 : 0 (10.3 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that NC2-31T should be classified as representing a member of the genus Bacillus . Based on data from the current polyphasic study, NC2-31T represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus marinisedimentorum sp. nov. is proposed with type strain NC2-31T (=KCTC 33721T=MCCC 1K01239T).
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