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Volume 66,
Issue 7,
2016
Volume 66, Issue 7, 2016
- New taxa
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- Proteobacteria
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Description of Variovorax humicola sp. nov., isolated from a forest topsoil
More LessEmploying a modified cultivation method, we studied two bacterial strains, UC10 and UC38T, found on the Kyonggi University campus, Suwon in Gyeonggi-Do province, South Korea. These strains were non-spore-forming, Gram-stain-negative, motile and rod-shaped. Growth occurred in the presence of 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 4–9 and a temperature range of 4–35 °C. On an R2A agar plate incubated for 5 days at 28 °C, irregular, raised and pale-yellowish colonies were observed. Comparative analysis of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains were closely related to Variovorax guangxiensis GXGD002T, with 98.6 % similarity. Strains UC10 and UC38T were 98.0 % similar to V.ariovorax soli GH9-3T; 97.8 % to V.ariovorax dokdonensis DS-43T; 97.3–97.7 % to V.ariovorax ginsengisoli Gsoil 3165T; 97.7–98.0 % to V.ariovorax paradoxus IAM 12373T; 97.4–97.6 % to V.ariovorax defluvii 2C1-bT; and 97.3–97.4 % to V.ariovorax boronicumulans BAM-48T. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-8. The primary polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C17 : 0 cyclo. DNA–DNA hybridization assays indicated 89.2–91.4 % genomic DNA similarity between strains UC10 and UC38T. Moreover, genomic DNA similarity between these novel strains and reference strains of the genus Variovoraxwas less than the 70 %. Based on these results, strain UC38T was designated a representative of a novel species of the genus Variovorax , with the proposed name Variovorax humicola sp. nov. The type strain is UC38T (=KACC 18501T=NBRC 111520T).
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Loktanella marina sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, coccoid- or short-rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial strain, designated MDM-7T, was isolated from seawater of the Yellow Sea, South Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain MDM-7T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MDM-7T fell within the clade comprising species of the genus Loktanella , clustering with the type strains of Loktanella vestfoldensisand Loktanella agnita , with which it exhibited 96.1 and 95.6 % similarity, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values between strain MDM-7T and the type strains of other Loktanella species were 93.1–95.0 %. The DNA G+C content of strain MDM-7T was 62.6 mol%. Strain MDM-7T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/ or C18 : 1 ω6c) as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified aminolipid. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain MDM-7T is distinguishable from recognized Loktanella species. On the basis of the data presented, strain MDM-7T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Loktanella , for which the name Loktanella marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MDM-7T (=KCTC 42722T=CECT 8899T).
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Corticibacterium populi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Phyllobacteriaceae, isolated from bark of Populus×euramericana
More LessTwo Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, motile, slimy, glossy bacterial strains were isolated from bark tissue of Populus×euramericana. The bacteria grew at 10–37 °C, pH 5–10, with optimal growth at 28–30 °C, pH 6.0–8.0. Both strains grew with 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl. In the maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree, the two isolates formed a distinct branch within the family Phyllobacteriaceae , and they were not closely related to any of the genera within the family Phyllobacteriaceae . The two novel isolates werepositive for oxidase andcatalase activity. The polar lipids profile revealed diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and five unknown lipids. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 56.4 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, the two strains represent a novel species belonging to a novel genus of the family Phyllobacteriaceae , for which the name Corticibacterium populi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is 16B10-2-7T (=CFCC 12884T=KCTC 42249T).
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Phenylobacterium panacis sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of rusty mountain ginseng
More LessA novel, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated as DCY109T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of rusty mountain ginseng root located on Hwacheon mountain of Gangwon province, South Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DCY109T belonged to the genus Phenylobacterium and was related closely to Phenylobacterium muchangponense KACC 15042T (98.2 % similarity), Phenylobacterium immobile DSM 1986T (96.9 %) and Phenylobacterium koreense KCTC 12206T (96.7 %). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone (Q-10) and the DNA G+C content was 66.9 mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid and an unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (which comprised C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and summed feature 8 (which comprised C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c). Mean DNA–DNA relatedness between strain DCY109T and its closest relative, P. muchangponense KACC 15042T, was 15.1±3.9 %. Based on the physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and genetic analyses, strain DCY109T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Phenylobacterium , for which the name Phenylobacterium panacis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DCY109T (=KCTC 42749T=JCM 31045T).
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Sulfurovum riftiae sp. nov., a mesophilic, thiosulfate-oxidizing, nitrate-reducing chemolithoautotrophic epsilonproteobacterium isolated from the tube of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent polychaete Riftia pachyptila
An anaerobic, nitrate-reducing, sulfur- and thiosulfate-oxidizing bacterium, designated strain 1812ET, was isolated from the vent polychaete Riftia pachyptila, which was collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent on the East Pacific Rise. Cells were Gram-stain-negative rods, measuring approximately 1.05±0.11 µm by 0.40±0.05 µm. Strain 1812ET grew at 25 – –45 °C (optimum 35 °C), with 1.5–4.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 3.0 %) and at pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum pH 6.0). The generation time under optimal conditions was 3 h. Strain 1812ET was an anaerobic chemolithotroph that grew with either sulfur or thiosulfate as the energy source and carbon dioxide as the sole carbon source. Nitrate was used as a sole terminal electron acceptor. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c, C18 : 1 ω7c and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone MK-6 and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene of strain 1812ET showed that the isolate belonged to the Epsilonproteobacteria , and its closest relatives were Sulfurovum lithotrophicum 42BKTT and Sulfurovum aggregans Monchim 33T (98.3 and 95.7 % sequence similarity, respectively). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain 1812ET and the type strain of S. lithotrophicum was 29.7 %, demonstrating that the two strains are not members of the same species. Based on the phylogenetic, molecular, chemotaxonomic and physiological evidence, strain 1812ET represents a novel species within the genus Sulfurovum , for which the name Sulfurovum riftiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1812ET (=DSM 101780T=JCM 30810T).
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Paludibacterium purpuratum sp. nov., isolated from wetland soil
More LessA novel bacterium, designated KJ031T, was isolated from a wetland soil sample taken from Jeju island, Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, curved rod shaped, oxidase- and catalase- positive, motile and facultatively anaerobic. Growth was observed at pH 6.0–8.0 and at 20–37 °C on R2A agar. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KJ031T is a member of the genus Paludibacterium , sharing highest sequence similarities with Paludibacterium paludis KBP-21T (96.2 %) and Paludibacterium. yongneupense 5YN8-15T (96.0 %). The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c). The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-8. The major polar lipids of strain KJ031T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, two unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified polar lipid. The DNA G+C content was 59.2 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain KJ031T represents a novel species of the genus Paludibacterium , for which the name Paludibacterium purpuratum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KJ031T (=KCTC 42852T =CECT 8976T).
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Description of Comamonas sediminis sp. nov., isolated from lagoon sediments
More LessStrain S3T was isolated from lagoon sediments, and appeared as transparent colonies on agar plates, with cells staining Gram-negative. Catalase and oxidase were positive. S3T hydrolyzed starch, casein and tween-20, while urea, chitin, gelatin and tween-80 were not hydrolysed. C18 : 1ω6c/C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 1ω6c/C16 : 1ω7c,C17 : 0 cyclo and C16 : 0 were the predominant fatty acids with minor amounts of C10 : 0 3-OH, C12 : 0, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0 2-OH. S3T contained diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as major polar lipids with minor amounts of unidentified phospholipid (PL) and unidentified lipids (L1–2). Genomic DNA G+C content was 68.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that S3T represents a member of the genus Comamonas in family Comamonadaceae of the class Betaproteobacteria . S3T has a sequence similarity of 98.96 % with Comamonas koreensis YH12T, 97.93 % with Comamonas guangdongensis CY01T and <96.97 % with other members of the genus Comamonas . DNA–DNA hybridization values between S3T and the type strains of the most closely related species were clearly below the 70 % threshold. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analysis, it is proposed that S3T represents a novel species of the genus Comamonas , for which the name Comamonas sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S3T (=KEMB 563–466T =JCM 31169T).
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Pseudoalteromonas fenneropenaei sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from sediment of a Fenneropenaeus chinensis pond
More LessA novel Gram-stain-negative, motile, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-spore-forming, non-pigmented, aerobic bacterium, designated rzy34T, was isolated from the sediment of a pond containing farmed Fenneropenaeus chinensis Rizhao, China. The strain was able to grow at pH 6–10 (optimum pH 7), 20–40 °C (optimum 30 °C) and in the presence of 1.0–6.0 % NaCl (optimum 1.0–2.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the nearest relative of strain rzy34T was Pseudoalteromonas xiamenensis Y2T, with the highest sequence similarity of 96.09 %. Within the genus Pseudoalteromonas , it showed the lowest similarity of 92.7 % to Pseudoalteromonas donghaensis . The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA of strain rzy34T was 45.3 mol%. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c), C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c). The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. Polar lipid analysis indicated the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain rzy34T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudoalteromonas , for which the name Pseudoalteromonas fenneropenaei sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is rzy34T (=CGMCC 1.15325T=KCTC 42730T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Moheibacter stercoris sp. nov., isolated from an input sample of a biogas plant
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 784B1_12E-CasoT, was isolated from a mixed manure sample used as input material of a German biogas plant. Phylogenetic identification based on the nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain within the family Flavobacteriaceae (Bacteroidetes) with highest sequence similarity to the type strain of Moheibacter sediminis (93.7 %) followed by Empedobacter brevis (90.7 %). Major cellular fatty acids of strain 784B1_12E-CasoT were iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The polyamine pattern contained predominantly sym-homospermidine and the quinone system consisted exclusively of menaquinone MK-6. Major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified polar lipid only detectable after staining for total lipids. The DNA G+C content was 34.5 mol%. Based on phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological analyses, a novel species of the genus Moheibacter is proposed, Moheibacter stercoris sp. nov. (type strain 784B1_12E-CasoT=CIP 110830T=LMG 28502T).
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Fulvivirga lutimaris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated TM-6T, was isolated from a tidal flat sediment in the Korean peninsula. Strain TM-6T was found to grow optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30 °C and in the presence of 2–3% (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TM-6T joined the clade comprising recognized species of the genus Fulvivirga , with which it exhibited 94.7– 95.2 % sequence similarity. Strain TM-6T was found to contain iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as major fatty acids. The only isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). The major polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain TM-6T was 50.9 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain TM-6T is distinguishable from recognized Fulvivirgaspecies. On the basis of the data presented, strain TM-6T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Fulvivirga , for which the name Fulvivirga lutimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TM-6T (=KCTC 42720T=CECT 9024T).
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Tenacibaculum sediminilitoris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, designated YKTF-3T, was isolated from a tidal flat on the Yellow Sea, South Korea. Strain YKTF-3T grew optimally at 30 °C and in the presence of 2.0–4.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YKTF-3T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of Tenacibaculumspecies. The novel strain exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.22–98.34 % to the type strains of Tenacibaculum gallaicum, Tenacibaculum ascidiaceicola , Tenacibaculum litoreum, Tenacibaculum discolor , Tenacibaculum aestuarii and Tenacibaculum lutimaris, and of 95.08–96.95 % to the type strains of the other Tenacibaculum species. Strain YKTF-3T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain YKTF-3T were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified lipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G+C content was 32.3 mol% and its mean DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of the six phylogenetically closely relatedTenacibaculum species were 10–27 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain YKTF-3T is separate from other recognized species of the genus Tenacibaculum . On the basis of the data presented, strain YKTF-3T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Tenacibaculum , for which the name Tenacibaculum sediminilitoris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YKTF-3T (=KCTC 52210T=NBRC 111991T).
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Kordia ulvae sp. nov., a bacterium isolated from the surface of green marine algae Ulva sp.
More LessA novel bacterial strain, SC2T, was isolated from Ulva sp., a green marine algae, which was collected from Dadeng island, Xiamen, China. Strain SC2T was Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and had no flagellum. Oxidase and catalase were positive. Strain SC2Twas able to degrade skimmed milk, agar, soluble starch, Tween 20 and Tween 80 but not colloidal chitin. Growth was observed at salinities of 1–6 % and temperatures of 15–37 °C, with optimal salinity and temperature of 2 % and 30 °C, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that strain SC2T was affiliated to the genus Kordia , with highest sequence similarity to Kordia algicida OT-1T (97.23 %), Kordia antarctica IMCC 3317T (97.23 %) and Kordia jejudonensis SSK3-3T (97.02 %); the type strains of other species of the genus Kordia shared 93.98–95.78 % gene sequence similarity with strain SC2T. The average nucleotide identity value and estimated DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain SC2T and the above three type strains ( K. algicida OT-1T, K. antarctica IMCC 3317T and K. jejudonensis SSK3-3T) were found to be 79.4–82.4 % and 24.2–27.0 %, respectively. The predominant fatty acids (>5.0 %) were C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1 ω7c/C18 : 1 ω6c) and summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1 ω9c/C16 : 0 10-methyl). The respiratory quinone was determined to be solely menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The polar lipid profile of strain SC2T consisted of four unknown lipids, three unidentified phospholipids, one unidentified aminolipid and phosphatidylethanolamine. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 34.5 mol%. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data showed that strain SC2T represents a novel species within the genus Kordia , for which the name Kordia ulvae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SC2T (= KCTC 42872T=MCCC 1A01772T=LMG 29123T).
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Flavobacterium tyrosinilyticum sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of wild strawberry
Juan Du and Tae-Hoo YiA Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated THG-DN8.8T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of a wild strawberry plant, located on Gyeryong Mountain, Daejeon, Republic of Korea. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, the isolate was identified as a member of the genus Flavobacterium and was related most closely to Flavobacterium banpakuense 15F3T (97.7 % sequence similarity), Flavobacterium ginsenosidimutans THG-01T(97.3 %), Flavobacterium ginsengiterrae DCY55T (96.9 %) and Flavobacterium chungbukense CS100T (96.7 %). Catalase and oxidase tests were positive. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness with its phylogenetically closest neighbours were below 40.0 %. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 39.1 mol%. Strain THG-DN8.8T also was found to be able to grow at 4–33 °C, with 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 5.5–9.5. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and C16 : 0. Menaquinone-6 (MK-6) was the dominant respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidyldiethanolamine were the main polar lipids. On the basis of the data presented, strain THG-DN8.8T represents a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium tyrosinilyticum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-DN8.8T (=KCTC 42726T=CCTCC AB 2015295T).
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Lentimicrobium saccharophilum gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic bacterium representing a new family in the phylum Bacteroidetes, and proposal of Lentimicrobiaceae fam. nov.
A novel, strictly anaerobic, short rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain TBC1T, was isolated from methanogenic granular sludge in a full-scale mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating high-strength starch-based organic wastewater. Cells of this strain were 2–4 µm long and 0.4–0.6 µm wide. They were non-motile and Gram-stain-negative. The optimum growth temperature was 30–37 °C, with a range of 20–40 °C. The optimum pH for growth was around pH 7.0, while growth occurred in a range of pH 6.5–9.0. Strain TBC1T grew chemo-organotrophically on a narrow range of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions. Yeast extract was required for its growth. The major fermentative end products from glucose, supplemented with yeast extract, were acetate, malate, propionate, formate and hydrogen. Doubling time under optimal growth conditions was estimated to be 1 day. The DNA G+C content of strain TBC1T was 49.2 mol% as determined by HPLC. Major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C16 : 1 ω9c and C18 : 1 ω9c. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain TBC1T was shown to represent a distinct lineage at the family level in the phylum Bacteroidetes . Among previously described species of this phylum, Mucilaginibacter boryungensis BDR-9T ( Sphingobacteriaceae ) displayed the highest sequence similarity (85.9 %) with strain TBC1T. Phylogenomic analyses using 38–83 single copy marker genes also supported the novelty of strain TBC1T at the family level. Based on its characteristics, strain TBC1T (=JCM 30898T=DSM 100618T) is considered to be the type strain of a novel species of a new genus, Lentimicrobium saccharophilum gen. nov., sp. nov. A new family, Lentimicrobiaceae fam. nov., is also proposed encompassing the strain and related environmental 16S rRNA gene clone sequences.
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Sphingobacterium zeae sp. nov., an endophyte of maize
More LessA yellow-pigmented strain (JM-1081T) isolated from healthy stem tissue of Zea mays was taxonomically characterized. Cells of the strain were rod-shaped and Gram-stain-negative. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed closest relationship to the type strains of Sphingobacterium multivorum (98.1 % similarity), Sphingobacterium mucilaginosum (97.9 %) and Sphingobacterium siyangense (97.8 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of all other Sphingobacterium species were below 97.8 %. Fatty acid analysis of whole-cell hydrolysates of the strain resulted in a pattern typical of the genus Sphingobacterium with iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C16 : 0 and as major compounds. The polyamine pattern contained predominantly sym-homospermidine. The major quinone was menaquinone MK-7 and the only identified lipids in the polar lipid profile were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. In addition, 15 unidentified lipids were detected in moderate to major amounts. Sphingolipid was detected. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. DNA–DNA hybridizations with two of the closely related type strains, those of S. multivorum and S. siyangense , as well as Sphingobacterium canadense resulted in values below 70 %. In addition to the genotypic differences, differential biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties confirmed that the isolate JM-1081T represents a novel species, for which the name Sphingobacterium zeae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JM-1081T (=LMG 29191T=CCM 8652T).
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Niabella pedocola sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessAn aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, orange-pigmented bacterium designated strain R384T was isolated from soil. Flexirubin-type pigments were present. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain R384T formed a lineage within the family Chitinophagaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes that was distinct from various species of the genus Niabella , including ‘ Niabella thaonhiensis ’ NHI-24 (98.47 % sequence similarity), Niabellaaurantiaca DSM 17617T (96.89 %), Niabelladrilacis E90T (96.63 %), Niabellahirudinis E96T (96.61 %), Niabellatibetensis 15-4T (95.53 %), Niabellasoli DSM 19437T (94.81 %), Niabellaginsengisoli GR10-1T (94.19 %) and Niabellayanshanensis CCBAU 05354T (93.67 %). The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C content of strain R384Twas 44.7 mol %. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain R384T and other members of the genus Niabella ranged from 26 to 55 %. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analysis, strain R384T represents a novel species of the genus Niabella , for which the name Niabellapedocola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R384T (=KEMB 9005-329T=KACC 18454T=JCM 31011T).
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Aquaticitalea lipolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic seawater
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated Ar-125T, was isolated from Antarctic seawater. It produced carotenoid-like pigments and did not produce Bchl a. Ar-125T was positive for hydrolysis of DNA, aesculin, gelatin, starch, Tween 40 and Tween 60. The sole respiratory quinone was MK-6. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid, one unidentified glycolipid and two unidentified lipids. The principal fatty acids were branched-chain fatty acids, including iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c), iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, as well as C15 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content was 31.8 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, Ar-125T is closely related to the species of the genera Bizionia (with 16S rRNA gene pairwise sequence similarity of 93.7–96.5 %), Formosa (94.3–95.8 %), Gaetbulibacter (94.2–95.7 %), Geojedonia (95.5 %), Gelidibacter (93.3–95.4 %), Meridianimaribacter (95.3 %) and Psychroserpens (94.8–95.3 %), of the family Flavobacteriaceae . Phylogenetic analysis indicated that it represented an independent lineage and that the closest relatives were members of the genus Gelidibacter . Differential phenotypic properties and chemotaxonomic differences, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, revealed that Ar-125T could be differentiated from members of closely related genera. Therefore, it is proposed that Ar-125T represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Aquaticitalea lipolytica gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain Ar-125T =CGMCC 1.15295T =JCM 30876T) is proposed.
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Roseivirga maritima sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated GM-5T, was isolated from seawater from near the Korean peninsula. Strain GM-5T was found to grow optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 25 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GM-5T falls within the clade comprising the genus Roseivirga , with which it exhibits 94.8–96.8 % sequence similarity. Strain GM-5T was found to contain MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain GM-5T was determined to be 42.3 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain GM-5T is distinguishable from species of the genus Roseivirga with validly published names. On the basis of the data presented, strain GM-5T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Roseivirga , for which the name Roseivirga maritima sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GM-5T (=KCTC 42718T =NBRC 111589T).
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Lutibacter profundi sp. nov., isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal system on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge and emended description of the genus Lutibacter
More LessA bacterial strain designated LP1T was isolated from a microbial mat growing on the surface of a black smoker chimney at the Loki’s Castle hydrothermal system, which is located on the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences positioned strain LP1T within the family Flavobacteriaceae with Lutibacter holmesii as the closest relative (97.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Strain LP1T was rod-shaped, Gram-reaction-negative and non-motile. It grew in a modified artificial seawater medium supplemented with tryptone and vitamins at pH 5.5–7.5 (optimum pH 6.0–6.5), within a temperature range of 13–34 °C (optimum 23 °C), and under microaerobic conditions. The most abundant fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C15 : 0 (25.2 %) and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (14.5 %). The genome of strain LP1T has a DNA G+C content of 29.8 mol%. Based on the results of the polyphasic characterization presented here, strain LP1T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Lutibacter , for which the name Lutibacter profundi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LP1T (=DSM 100437T =JCM 30585T). An emended description of the genus Lutibacter is also provided to fit the description of strain LP1T.
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Gramella sediminilitoris sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile by gliding and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated GHTF-27T, was isolated from a tidal flat at Goheung, South Korea, and subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. The novel strain grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0–5.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain GHTF-27T belongs to the genus Gramella . It exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.6–98.3 % to the type strains of Gramella aestuariivivens , Gramella echinicola , Gramella gaetbulicola , Gramella aquimixticola , Gramella aestuarii and Gramella portivictoriae , respectively, and of 93.8–96.7 % to the type strains of the other species of the genus Gramellawith validly published names. Strain GHTF-27T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain GHTF-27T were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain GHTF-27T was 39.7 mol% and DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of the six phylogenetically closely related species of the genus Gramellawere 12–28 %. The differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain GHTF-27T is separated from other species of the genus Gramella . On the basis of the data presented, strain GHTF-27T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gramella , for which the name Gramella sediminilitorissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GHTF-27T (=KCTC 52208T =NBRC 111992T).
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