- Volume 65, Issue Pt_3, 2015
Volume 65, Issue Pt_3, 2015
- Notification List
-
-
-
Notification that new names of prokaryotes, new combinations, and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 64, part 12, of the IJSEM
More LessThis listing of names of prokaryotes published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles).
-
-
- Validation List
-
-
-
List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
More LessThe purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following effectively published new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries. It should be noted that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in the nomenclature of prokaryotes. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.
-
-
- New Taxa
-
- Archaea
-
-
Halostagnicola bangensis sp. nov., an alkaliphilic haloarchaeon from a soda lake
More LessAn extremely haloalkaphilic archaeon, strain T26T, belonging to the genus Halostagnicola , was isolated from sediment of the soda lake Bange in the region of Tibet, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain T26T was closely related to Halostagnicola alkaliphila 167-74T (98.4 %), Halostagnicola larsenii XH-48T (97.5 %) and Halostagnicola kamekurae 194-10T (96.8 %). Strain T26T grew optimally in media containing 25 % (w/v) salts, at pH 9.0 and 37 °C in aerobic conditions. Mg2+ was not required for growth. The cells were motile, pleomorphic and Gram-stain-variable. Colonies of this strain were pink pigmented. Hypotonic treatment caused cell lysis. The polar lipids of the isolate consisted of C20C20 and C20C25 derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester and minor phospholipids components. Glycolipids were not detected, in contrast to the two neutrophilic species of this genus. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain T26T was 60.1 mol% and DNA–DNA hybridization showed a relatedness of 19 and 17 % with Halostagnicola alkaliphila CECT 7631T and Halostagnicola larsenii CECT 7116T, respectively. The comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences, detailed phenotypic characterization, polar lipid profile and DNA–DNA hybridization studies revealed that strain T26T belongs to the genus Halostagnicola , and represents a novel species for which the name Halostagnicola bangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T26T ( = CECT 8219T = IBRC-M 10759T = JCM 18750T).
-
-
-
Pyrobaculum ferrireducens sp. nov., a hyperthermophilic Fe(III)-, selenate- and arsenate-reducing crenarchaeon isolated from a hot spring
More LessA novel hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, archaeon was isolated from a terrestrial hot spring at Uzon Caldera, Kronotsky Nature Reserve, Kamchatka, Russia. The isolate, strain 1860T, grew optimally at 90–95 °C and pH 6.0–7.0. The cells were non-motile straight rods, 1.5–5.0 µm in length, covered with surface-layer lattice. Strain 1860T utilized complex proteinaceous compounds as electron donors and ferrihydrite, Fe(III) citrate, nitrate, thiosulfate, selenite, selenate and arsenate as electron acceptors for growth. The sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of strain 1860T had 97.9–98.7 % similarity with those of members of the genus Pyrobaculum . On the basis of its physiological properties and phylogenetic analyses including in silico genome to genome hybridization, the isolate is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Pyrobaculum ferrireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1860T ( = DSM 28942T = VKM B-2856T).
-
-
-
Haloarchaeobius salinus sp. nov., isolated from an inland salt lake, and emended description of the genus Haloarchaeobius
More LessThe halophilic archaeal strain, YC82T, was isolated from Yuncheng salt lake in Shanxi, PR China. Cells from strain YC82T were Gram-stain negative, pleomorphic rods, which lysed in distilled water and formed light-red colonies on solid media. Strain YC82T grew at 25–50 °C (optimum 37 °C), in 1.4–4.8 M NaCl (optimum 2.0 M), in 0–1.0 M MgCl2 (optimum 0.05 M) and at pH 6.0–9.5 (optimum pH 7.5). The major polar lipids of strain YC82T were phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and three glycolipids, which were chromatographically identical to those of Haloarchaeobius iranensis IBRC-M 10013T and Haloarchaeobius litoreus CGMCC 1.10390T. 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that strain YC82T had two dissimilar 16S rRNA genes and that it was phylogenetically related to Hab. iranensis IBRC-M 10013T (94.3–99.0 % nucleotide identity) and Hab. litoreus CGMCC 1.10390T (94.1–98.8 % nucleotide identity). The rpoB′ gene similarities between strain YC82T and Hab. iranensis IBRC-M 10013T and Hab. litoreus CGMCC 1.10390T were 96.5 % and 95.7 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain YC82T was 63.7 mol%. Strain YC82T showed low DNA–DNA relatedness with Hab. iranensis IBRC-M 10013T and Hab. litoreus CGMCC 1.10390T. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties of strain YC82T ( = CGMCC 1.12232T = JCM 18644T) suggest that it represents a novel species of the genus Haloarchaeobius , for which the name Haloarchaeobius salinus sp. nov. is proposed. An emended description of the genus Haloarchaeobius is also presented.
-
-
-
Methanoculleus taiwanensis sp. nov., a methanogen isolated from deep marine sediment at the deformation front area near Taiwan
A mesophilic, hydrogenotrophic methanogen, strain CYW4T, was isolated from deep-sea sediment obtained by the Ocean Researcher I cruiser, ORI-961, in 2011. The sediment was from the deformation front area offshore of south-western Taiwan. Here, seismic reflections indicated that methane hydrates were abundant. The methanogenic substrates utilized by strain CYW4T were formate and H2/CO2, but not acetate, secondary alcohols, methylamines, methanol and ethanol. Cells of strain CYW4T were non-motile, irregular cocci and 0.6–1.5 µm in diameter. The S-layer protein had an M r of 112 000. The optimum growth conditions were at 37 °C, pH 8.1 and 0.08 M NaCl. Growth of the strain was stimulated by acetate. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA of strain CYW4T was 61 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain CYW4T was most closely related to Methanoculleus marisnigri JR1T (96.82 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Based on the morphological, phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics presented here, it is evident that strain CYW4T represents a novel species of the genus Methanoculleus , and the name Methanoculleus taiwanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CYW4T ( = BCRC AR10043T = NBRC 110782T). The optical density of cultures of strain CYW4T dropped abruptly upon entering the stationary growth phase. During this time numerous particles of approximately 50 nm in diameter were observed on and around the cells. This suggests that strain CYW4T harbours a lytic virus that is induced in the stationary phase, which is of interest because only a few lytic viruses have been reported in methanogens.
-
- Actinobacteria
-
-
Description of Corynebacterium trachiae sp. nov., isolated from a white stork (Ciconia ciconia)
A Gram-stain-positive bacterial isolate, strain 280/10T was isolated from the trachea of a white stork. The isolate was morphologically rod- to coccoid-shaped, non-motile and showed no oxidase activity. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was found to the type strain of Corynebacterium ciconiae (97.3 % similarity) as the nearest relative of strain 280/10T, all other 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to type strains of species of the genus Corynebacterium were below 94.2 %. Strain 280/10T had a quinone system consisting predominantly of menaquinone MK-8(H2), minor quantities of MK-9(H2) and small amounts of MK-8. The diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major compounds in the polar lipid profiles were diphosphatidylglycerol, phoshatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an acidic glycolipid. Two phosphatidylinositol-mannosides and several unidentified lipids were also present. The strain contained corynemycolic acids, while only small amounts of cellular polyamines were detected. Spermidine and spermine were predominant in the polyamine pattern of 280/10T and putrescine was present in moderate amounts. In the fatty acid profile C18 : 1ω9c, and C16 : 0 were predominant. The strain was distinguishable from C. ciconiae , which is the most closely related species. In conclusion, strain 280/10T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium with the name Corynebacterium trachiae sp. nov. and the type strain 280/10T ( = CIP 110796T = LMG 28214T).
-
-
-
Seed-associated subspecies of the genus Clavibacter are clearly distinguishable from Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis
More LessThe genus Clavibacter contains one recognized species, Clavibacter michiganensis . Clavibacter michiganensis is subdivided into subspecies based on host specificity and bacteriological characteristics, with Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis causing bacterial canker of tomato. Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is often spread through contaminated seed leading to outbreaks of bacterial canker in tomato production areas worldwide. The frequent occurrence of non-pathogenic Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis -like bacteria (CMB) is a concern for seed producers because Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is a quarantine organism and detection of a non-pathogenic variant may result in destruction of an otherwise healthy seed lot. A thorough biological and genetic characterization of these seed-associated CMB strains was performed using standard biochemical tests, cell wall analyses, metabolic profiling using Biolog, and single-gene and multilocus sequence analyses. Combined, these tests revealed two distinct populations of seed-associated members of the genus Clavibacter that differed from each other, as well as from all other described subspecies of Clavibacter michiganensis . DNA–DNA hybridization values are 70 % or higher, justifying placement into the single recognized species, C. michiganensis , but other analyses justify separate subspecies designations. Additionally, strains belonging to the genus Clavibacter isolated from pepper also represent a distinct population and warrant separate subspecies designation. On the basis of these data we propose subspecies designations for separate non-pathogenic subpopulations of Clavibacter michiganensis : Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. californiensis subsp. nov. and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. chilensis subsp. nov. for seed-associated strains represented by C55T ( = ATCC BAA-2691T = CFBP 8216T) and ZUM3936T ( = ATCC BAA-2690T = CFBP 8217T), respectively. Recognition of separate subspecies is essential for improved international seed testing operations.
-
-
-
Actinokineospora spheciospongiae sp. nov., isolated from the marine sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda
A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic organism, isolated from the Red Sea sponge Spheciospongia vagabunda was investigated to determine its taxonomic position. On the basis of results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis strain EG49T was most closely related to Actinokineospora cibodasensis and Actinokineospora baliensis (both 97.3 % similarity) and Actinokineospora diospyrosa and Actinokineospora auranticolor (both 97.0 % similarity). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to all other species of the genus Actinokineospora was <97.0 %. The quinone system of strain EG49T contained the menaquinones MK-9(H4) (47 %), MK-9(H6) (27 %) and MK-9(H2) (15 %) in major amounts. Minor amounts of MK-7(H4) (2 %), MK-9(H0) (1 %), MK-9(H8) (3 %) and MK-10(H4) (3 %) were detected as well in addition to MK-8(H4), MK-8(H6), MK-10(H2) and MK-10(H6) (all <1 %). The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. In the polar lipid profile, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine were predominant. Phosphatidylinositol-mannoside, two unidentified phospholipids and two glycoglipids as well as one aminoglycolipid, one aminolipid and one unidentified lipid were found in addition. The fatty acid profile was composed of mainly iso-branched fatty acids: iso-C16 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 1H. All these findings clearly supported the classification of the strain as representing a member of the genus Actinokineospora . In addition, the results of physiological and biochemical tests also allowed phenotypic differentiation of strain EG49T from the most closely related species of the genus Actinokineospora . Strain EG49T represents a novel species of the genus Actinokineospora , for which we propose the name Actinokineospora spheciospongiae sp. nov., with strain EG49T ( = DSM 45935T = CCM 8480T = LMG 27700T) as the type strain.
-
-
-
Actinomadura rayongensis sp. nov., isolated from peat swamp forest soil
More LessA novel actinomycete strain RY35-68T, isolated from a peat swamp forest soil sample in Rayong Province, Thailand, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain belonged to the genus Actinomadura based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics. Cell-wall analysis revealed the presence of meso-diaminopimelic acid and N-acetylmuramic acid in the peptidoglycan layer. The diagnostic sugar in whole-cell hydrolysates was identified as madurose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H6), MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H4). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The genomic DNA G+C content was 73.7 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analysis, strain RY35-68T was closely related to the species Actinomadura atramentaria JCM 6250T (97.5 %). The value of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain RY35-68T and A. atramentaria JCM 6250T was 37.6–42.6 %. On the basis of its phenotypic characteristics and these results mentioned, this strain could be distinguished from the closely related type strain and represents a novel species of the genus Actinomadura , for which the name Actinomadura rayongensis sp. nov. (type strain RY35-68T = JCM 19830T = TISTR 2211T = PCU 332T) is proposed.
-
-
-
Arthrobacter liuii sp. nov., resuscitated from Xinjiang desert soil
More LessA Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile actinobacterium, designated DSXY973T, was isolated from soil samples collected from Xinjiang desert using medium supplemented with resuscitation-promoting factor, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that DSXY973T belonged to the genus Arthrobacter and was most closely related to Arthrobacter oryzae JCM 15922T with 97.1 % similarity. The DNA G+C content was 67.6 %. Cells of strain DSXY973T mainly contained MK-9(H2), and the cell wall contained l-lysine as the primary diamino acid. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. Strain DSXY973T was positive for catalase and negative for oxidase activity. On the basis of its phylogenetic position and phenotypic properties, strain DSXY973T represents a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter , for which the name Arthrobacter liuii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DSXY973T ( = CGMCC1.12778T = JCM 19864T).
-
-
-
Microbacterium panaciterrae sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of ginseng
More LessStrain DCY56T was isolated from a soil sample taken from a ginseng field. The strain was Gram-reaction positive, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, aerobic and non-motile. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, indicated that strain DCY56T belonged to the genus Microbacterium . The closest relatives were Microbacterium azadirachtae AI-S262T, Microbacterium aerolatum V-73T and Microbacterium phyllosphaerae DSM 13468T (98.0 %, 98.0 % and 97.5 % gene sequence similarity, respectively). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain DCY56T was 68.5 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain DCY56T and the most closely related type strains were lower than 36 %. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid. The predominant fatty acids contained iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The menaquinones were MK-12 and MK-13. The diagnostic diamino acid of strain DCY56T was ornithine. The dominant whole-cell sugars were glucose, rhamnose and ribose. The results of the genotypic analysis, in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data, demonstrate that strain DCY56T represents a novel species within the genus Microbacterium , for which the name Microbacterium panaciterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DCY56T ( = KCTC 19884T = JCM 17839T).
-
-
-
Sinomonas humi sp. nov., an amylolytic actinobacterium isolated from mangrove forest soil
Strain MUSC 117T was isolated from mangrove soil of the Tanjung Lumpur forest in Pahang, Malaysia. This bacterium was yellowish-white pigmented, Gram-staining-positive, rod–coccus shaped and non-motile. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain MUSC 117T exhibited highest sequence similarity to Sinomonas atrocyanea DSM 20127T (98.0 %), Sinomonas albida LC13T (97.9 %) and Sinomonas soli CW 59T (97.8 %), and lower (<97.6 %) sequence similarity to other species of the genus Sinomonas . DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (less than 27 %) between strain MUSC 117T and closely related species. Chemotaxonomically, the peptidoglycan type was A3α, containing the amino acids lysine, serine, glycine, alanine, glutamic acid and muramic acid. The whole-cell sugars detected were rhamnose, ribose, glucose, galactose and a smaller amount of mannose. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and five unidentified glycolipids. The major fatty acids (>10.0 %) of the cell membrane were anteiso-C15 : 0 (39.4 %), C18 : 1ω7c (17.7 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (17.2 %) and iso-C16 : 0 (11.4 %). The predominant respiratory quinones detected were MK-9(H2) and MK-9. The DNA G+C content was 67.3 mol%. A comparison of BOX-PCR fingerprints indicated that strain MUSC 117T represented a unique DNA profile. Results based on a polyphasic approach showed that strain MUSC 117T represents a novel species of the genus Sinomonas , for which the name Sinomonas humi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sinomonas humi sp. nov. is MUSC 117T ( = DSM 29362T = MCCC 1K00410T = NBRC 110653T).
-
-
-
Garicola koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from saeu-jeot, traditional Korean fermented shrimp
More LessA novel Gram-staining-positive, non-endospore-forming, aerobic bacterium, designated strain SJ5-4T, was isolated from seau-jeot, a traditional food that is made by fermentation of highly salted [approximately 25 % (w/v)] shrimp in Korea. Cells were moderately halophilic, non-motile cocci or short rods that showed catalase- and oxidase-positive reactions. Growth of strain SJ5-4T was observed at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.0–9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.0) and in the presence of 1–17 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 6 %). The major cellular fatty acids of strain SJ5-4T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. Phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unidentified phospholipid, three glycolipids and an unidentified lipid were detected as the polar lipids. Strain SJ5-4T belonged to the exceptionally small group of strains within the order Micrococcales that show a peptidoglycan cross-linked according to the A-type but containing 2,4-diaminobutyric acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.8 mol%. MK-7, MK-8 and MK-9 were detected as the isoprenoid quinones. Strain SJ5-4T was most closely related to members of the genus Nesterenkonia, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 93.1–94.8 %. However, phylogenetic inference based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SJ5-4T formed a phyletic lineage distinct from members of the genus Nesterenkonia within the family Micrococcaceae . On the basis of its phenotypic and molecular features, strain SJ5-4T represents a novel genus and species of the family Micrococcaceae , for which the name Garicola koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Garicola koreensis is SJ5-4T ( = KACC 16909T = JCM 18572T = DSM 28238T).
-
- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
-
-
Reclassification of Ruminococcus obeum as Blautia obeum comb. nov.
More LessDuring our previous studies we reclassified Clostridium coccoides and a number of misclassified ruminococci into a novel genus Blautia within the family Lachnospiraceae . However, the Rules of the Bacteriological Code currently require that the types of all species and subspecies with new names (including new combinations) be deposited in two different collections in two different countries. The type strain of Ruminococcus obeum was, at that period in time, only deposited in the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and a second independent deposit, as required by the Code, was not available. Consequently, the transfer of this species to the genus Blautia could not be made, because the resulting species name would not conform to the Rules governing the valid publication of species names and deposit of type material (Rules 27 and 30) and consequently would not be considered to be validly published. This resulted in a nomenclatural and taxonomic anomaly with R. obeum being phylogenetically placed among members of the genus Blautia with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of between 91.8 and 96.6 %. In order to rectify this unsatisfactory situation, through our discussions with the ATCC, the deposit of strain R. obeum ATCC 29174T to the DSMZ as strain number DSM 25238T was completed. Hence, the transfer of R. obeum to the genus Blautia as Blautia obeum comb. nov. is now proposed. The type strain is ATCC 29174T ( = DSM 25238T = KCTC 15206T).
-
-
-
Catenisphaera adipataccumulans gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Erysipelotrichaceae isolated from an anaerobic digester
More LessAn obligately anaerobic bacterium, designated strain GK12T, was isolated from an anaerobic digester in Fukagawa, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. The cells of strain GK12T were non-motile, non-spore-forming cocci that commonly occurred in chains. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain GK12T was affiliated with the family Erysipelotrichaceae in the phylum Firmicutes and showed 91.8 % sequence similarity to the most closely related species, Faecalicoccus acidiformans . The strain grew at 30–50 °C (optimally at 40 °C) and at pH 5.5–8.5 (optimally at pH 7.5). The main end product of glucose fermentation was lactate. Yeast extract was required for growth. The strain contained C14 : 0, C14 : 0 1,1-dimethoxyalkane (DMA), C16 : 0 DMA and C18 : 0 DMA as the major cellular fatty acids (>10 % of the total). The polar lipid profile was composed of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified phospholipid. The whole-cell sugars were galactose, rhamnose and ribose. The cell-wall murein contained alanine, glutamic acid, lysine, serine and threonine, but not diaminopimelic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.7 mol%. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic properties, a novel genus and species, Catenisphaera adipataccumulans gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate strain GK12T ( = NBRC 108915T = DSM 25799T).
-
-
-
Geobacillus icigianus sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring
A Gram-reaction-positive, motile, thermophilic spore-forming strain, G1w1T, was isolated from a hot spring of the Valley of Geysers, Kamchatka (Russia). Based on data from the present polyphasic taxonomic study, including phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and spo0A gene sequences, the strain is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Geobacillus , for which the name Geobacillus icigianus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G1w1T ( = VKM B-2853T = DSM 28325T).
-
-
-
Murimonas intestini gen. nov., sp. nov., an acetate-producing bacterium of the family Lachnospiraceae isolated from the mouse gut
Three strains of an anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive coccobacillus were isolated from the intestines of mice. These strains shared 100 % similarity in their 16S rRNA gene sequences, but were distantly related to any described members of the family Lachnospiraceae (<94 %). The most closely related species with names that have standing in nomenclature were Robinsoniella peoriensis , Ruminococcus gnavus , Blautia producta and Clostridium xylanolyticum . Phylogenetic relationships based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis were confirmed by partial sequencing of hsp60 genes. The use of an in-house database search pipeline revealed that the new isolates are most prevalent in bovine gut samples when compared with human and mouse samples for Ruminococcus gnavus and B. producta . All three isolated strains shared similar cellular fatty acid patterns dominated by C16 : 0 methyl ester. Differences in the proportions of C12 : 0 methyl ester, C14 : 0 methyl ester and C18 : 1 cis-11 dimethyl acetal were observed when compared with phylogenetically neighbouring species. The major short-chain fatty acid produced by strain SRB-530-5-HT was acetic acid. This strain tested positive for utilization of d-fructose, d-galacturonic acid, d-malic acid, l-alanyl l-threonine and l-glutamic acid but was negative for utilization of amygdalin, arbutin, α-d-glucose, 3-methyl d-glucose and salicin, in contrast to the type strain of the closest related species Robinsoniella peoriensis . The isolates were not able to use mannitol for growth. Based on genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we propose to create the new genus and species Murimonas intestini gen. nov., sp. nov. to accommodate the three strains SRB-530-5-HT ( = DSM 26524T = CCUG 63391T) (the type strain of Murimonas intestini), SRB-509-4-S-H ( = DSM 27577 = CCUG 64595) and SRB-524-4-S-H ( = DSM 27578 = CCUG 64594).
-
-
-
Clostridium oryzae sp. nov., from soil of a Japanese rice field
More LessAn obligately anaerobic bacterial strain designated KC3T was isolated from a rice straw-degrading culture, for which soil of a Japanese rice field was used as the inoculum. Cells of strain KC3T were determined to be non-cellulolytic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, ellipsoidal, spore-forming rods, 0.8–1×4–25 µm. Endospores were formed at a terminal position in elongated cells (12–25 µm, mean 15 µm). The temperature range for growth was 20–50 °C, with an optimum at 37 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.0–7.5, with an optimum at pH 6.0 (slightly acidophilic). Strain KC3T fermented cellobiose to lactate, butyrate, acetate, formate, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were C14 : 0, C16 : 0 and C19 : 0 cyclo 11,12 dimethylacetal. The DNA G+C content of strain KC3T was 37.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain KC3T shared low sequence similarity (<93 %) with type strains of the genus Clostridium sensu stricto (Clostridium rRNA cluster I). Analyses of the DNA gyrase A and ATP synthase beta subunit sequences supported the affiliation of strain KC3T to the genus Clostridium sensu stricto. The evidence presented here indicates that strain KC3T represents a novel species of the genus Clostridium , for which the name Clostridium oryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Clostridium oryzae is KC3T ( = DSM 28571T = NBRC 110163T).
-
- Proteobacteria
-
-
Aggregicoccus edonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an unusually aggregating myxobacterium isolated from a soil sample
A novel myxobacterium, MCy1366T (Ar1733), was isolated in 1981 from a soil sample collected from a region near Tokyo, Japan. It displayed general myxobacterial features like Gram-negative-staining, rod-shaped vegetative cells, gliding on solid surfaces, microbial lytic activity, fruiting-body-like aggregates and myxospore-like structures. The strain was mesophilic, aerobic and showed a chemoheterotrophic mode of nutrition. It was resistant to many antibiotics such as cephalosporin C, kanamycin, gentamicin, hygromycin B, polymyxin and bacitracin, and the key fatty acids of whole cell hydrolysates were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 2-OH. The genomic DNA G+C content of the novel strain was 65.6 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed highest similarity (97.60 %) to ‘Stigmatella koreensis’ strain KYC-1019 (GenBank accession no. EF112185). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and MALDI-TOF MS data revealed a novel branch in the family Myxococcaceae . DNA–DNA hybridization showed only 28 % relatedness between the novel strain and the closest recognized species, Corallococcus exiguus DSM 14696T (97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). A recent isolate from a soil sample collected in Switzerland, MCy10622, displayed 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with strain MCy1366T and showed almost the same characteristics. Since some morphological features like fruiting-body-like aggregates were barely reproducible in the type strain, the newly isolated strain, MCy10622, was also intensively studied. On the basis of a comprehensive taxonomic study, we propose a novel genus and species, Aggregicoccus edonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., for strains MCy1366T and MCy10622. The type strain of the type species is MCy1366T ( = DSM 27872T = NCCB 100468T).
-
-
-
Fodinicurvata halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a marine saltern
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain BA45ALT, was isolated from water of a saltern located in Santa Pola, Alicante, Spain. Cells were motile, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. Strain BA45ALT grew at temperatures in the range 14–45 °C (optimally at 37 °C), at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimally at pH 7.5), and in media containing 5–20 % (w/v) salts [optimally in media containing 10 % (w/v) salts]. Phylogenetic analysis based on the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BA45ALT is a member of the genus Fodinicurvata . The closest relatives to the novel strain were Fodinicurvata fenggangensis YIM D812T and Fodinicurvata sediminis YIM D82T with sequence similarities of 98.2 % and 97.4 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization between the novel isolate and these phylogenetically related species revealed relatedness values of 30 % and 15 %, respectively, with respect to the aforementioned species. The major cellular fatty acids of strain BA45ALT were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain BA45ALT was 58.0 mol%, and the polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and a number of unknown phospholipids and lipids. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented in this study, strain BA45ALT constituted a novel species of the genus Fodinicurvata , for which the name Fodinicurvata halophila sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is BA45ALT ( = CCM 8504T = CECT 8472T = JCM 19075T = LMG 27945T).
-
-
-
Psychrobacter ciconiae sp. nov., isolated from white storks (Ciconia ciconia)
Five beige bacterial strains (176/10T, 178/10, 182/10, 185/7 and 193/8) were isolated from white storks in Poland and found to share identical 16S rRNA gene sequences; they were also investigated in a polyphasic taxonomic study. The cells of all isolates were rod-shaped and Gram-stain-negative. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of these organisms with the sequences of the type strains of the most closely related species of the genus Psychrobacter showed highest sequence similarities to the type strains of Psychrobacter pulmonis and Psychrobacter faecalis (both 97.1 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to all other species of the genus Psychrobacter were below 96.3 %. All five isolates showed an identical profile of physiological reactions and almost identical fatty acid profiles consisting of mainly C18 : 1ω9c, but also C12 : 0 3-OH as a characteristic hydroxylated fatty acid. A quinone system with mainly ubiquinone Q-8 was detected and the polar lipid profile of the type strain, 176/10T, was mainly composed of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and diphosphatidylglycerol, plus some hitherto uncharacterized phospholipids and one aminolipid. The major polyamines were spermidine and putrescine. DNA–DNA hybridizations between 176/10T and the type strains of P. pulmonis and P. faecialis resulted in relatedness values below 70 %. These results indicate that the strains represent a novel species, for which the name Psychrobacter ciconiae sp. nov. (type strain 176/10T = CIP 110777T = LMG 28175T = CCM 8519T) is proposed.
-
-
-
Gemmobacter intermedius sp. nov., isolated from a white stork (Ciconia ciconia)
A cream-coloured, Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod- to irregular shaped bacterium, strain 119/4T, was isolated from a choana swab of a white stork nestling on sheep blood agar. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and subsequent comparisons showed that it was a member of the family Rhodobacteraceae, showing 94.9 % similarity to the type strain of Gemmobacter tilapiae and 94.6 % similarity to that of Gemmobacter nectariphilus , but also similarly low sequence similarity to the type strains of Rhodobacter viridis (94.8 %), Rhodobacter veldkampii (94.6 %) and Paenirhodobacter enshiensis (94.6 %). Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees showed that strain 119/4T clustered close to species of the genus Gemmobacter . The quinone system contained high amounts of ubiquinone Q-10 with traces of Q-8, Q-9 and Q-11, and the fatty acid profile consisted mainly of C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and C10 : 0 3-OH. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phoshatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. Major polyamines were putrescine and spermidine. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strain 119/4T represents a novel species of the genus Gemmobacter , for which the name Gemmobacter intermedius sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 119/4T ( = CIP 110795T = LMG 28215T = CCM 8510T).
-
-
-
Reclassification of Gemmobacter changlensis to a new genus as Cereibacter changlensis gen. nov., comb. nov.
More LessWe propose a new genus to accommodate the phototrophic bacterium Gemmobacter changlensis [Chen W. M., Cho, N. T., Huang, W. C., Young, C. C. & Sheu, S. Y. (2013) Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 63, 470–478] based on multiple strain analysis. Differences in the major diagnostic properties such as ability to grow phototrophically, the presence of internal photosynthetic membranes, the light harvesting complexes, fatty acids, carotenoids, bacterial chlorophylls, polar lipid composition and some other phenotypic properties warrant the creation of a new genus, designated Cereibacter gen. nov., to accommodate the phototrophic members of the genus Gemmobacter , as represented by the type species Cereibacter changlensis comb. nov.
-
-
-
Lysobacter mobilis sp. nov., isolated from abandoned lead-zinc ore
More LessAn aerobic and Gram-stain-negative bacterial strain, designated 9NM-14T, was isolated from abandoned lead-zinc ore from Meizhou, Guangdong Province, south China. Strain 9NM-14T was motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed that strain 9NM-14T was affiliated with the genus Lysobacter and was most closely related to Lysobacter xinjiangensis RCML-52T and Lysobacter bugurensis ZLD-29T (97.4 % and 96.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). The DNA–DNA relatedness value between strain 9NM-14T and L. xinjiangensis RCML-52T was 30.1±7.6 %. The major respiratory quinone was unbiquinone 8 (Q-8) and the major cellular fatty acids consisted of iso-C17 : 1ω9c (29.1 %), iso-C15 : 0 (28.9 %), iso-C17 : 0 (9.4 %), iso-C16 : 0 (8.6 %), iso-C11 : 0 3-OH (6.9 %) and iso-C11 : 0 (5.8 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and five unidentified phospholipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 9NM-14T was 70.7±0.1 mol%. On the basis of the data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain 9NM-14T should be assigned to a novel species of the genus Lysobacter , for which the name Lysobacter mobilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 9NM-14T ( = GIMCC 1.659T = CCTCC AB 2014273T = DSM 27574T).
-
-
-
Glycocaulis alkaliphilus sp. nov., a dimorphic prosthecate bacterium isolated from crude oil
A bacterial strain designated 6B-8T was isolated from crude oil from Daqing oilfield, China. Cells of strain 6B-8T were Gram-negative, aerobic, dimorphic and reproduced by means of binary fission. Strain 6B-8T could grow at 20–37 °C, pH 8–10 and 1–5 % (w/v) NaCl. Its genomic DNA G+C content was 62.0 mol%. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 0, C18 : 0 and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c and the main hydroxy fatty acids were C12 : 0 3-OH and C12 : 1 3-OH when grown on marine agar 2216. The major quinone was Q-10 and the major polar lipids were three unidentified glycolipids. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain 6B-8T was a member of the family Hyphomonadaceae , sharing 99.6 and 99.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Glycocaulis abyssi LMG 27140T and Glycocaulis albus SLG210-30A1T, respectively, and less than 94.4 % similarity with the type strains of other members of the family Hyphomonadaceae . However, the DNA–DNA relatedness between strain 6B-8T and related strains G. abyssi LMG 27140T and G. albus SLG210-30A1T was 36±5 and 42±5 %, respectively. In addition, several phenotypic and genotypic features allowed differentiation of strain 6B-8T from G. abyssi LMG 27140T and G. albus SLG210-30A1T. Therefore, strain 6B-8T represents a novel species of genus Glycocaulis , for which the name Glycocaulis alkaliphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 6B-8T ( = CGMCC 1.12428T = LMG 27410T).
-
-
-
Lysobacter caeni sp. nov., isolated from the sludge of a pesticide manufacturing factory
More LessStrain BUT-8T, a Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped aerobic bacterium, was isolated from the activated sludge of a herbicide-manufacturing wastewater treatment facility. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain BUT-8T clustered with species of the genus Lysobacter and was closely related to Lysobacter ruishenii DSM 22393T (98.3 %) and Lysobacter daejeonensis KACC 11406T (98.7 %). The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.6 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8, and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an aminolipid. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, iso-C11 : 0, iso-C11 : 0 3OH and summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 010-methyl). The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain BUT-8T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours was below 70 %. Phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic results clearly demonstrated that strain BUT-8T belongs to the genus Lysobacter and represents a novel species for which the name Lysobacter caeni sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BUT-8T ( = CCTCC AB 2013087T = KACC 17141T).
-
-
-
Acinetobacter variabilis sp. nov. (formerly DNA group 15 sensu Tjernberg & Ursing), isolated from humans and animals
We aimed to define the taxonomic status of 16 strains which were phenetically congruent with Acinetobacter DNA group 15 described by Tjernberg & Ursing in 1989. The strains were isolated from a variety of human and animal specimens in geographically distant places over the last three decades. Taxonomic analysis was based on an Acinetobacter -targeted, genus-wide approach that included the comparative sequence analysis of housekeeping, protein-coding genes, whole-cell profiling based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), an array of in-house physiological and metabolic tests, and whole-genome comparative analysis. Based on analyses of the rpoB and gyrB genes, the 16 strains formed respective, strongly supported clusters clearly separated from the other species of the genus Acinetobacter . The distinctness of the group at the species level was indicated by average nucleotide identity values of ≤82 % between the whole genome sequences of two of the 16 strains (NIPH 2171T and NIPH 899) and those of the known species. In addition, the coherence of the group was also supported by MALDI-TOF MS. All 16 strains were non-haemolytic and non-gelatinase-producing, grown at 41 °C and utilized a rather limited number of carbon sources. Virtually every strain displayed a unique combination of metabolic and physiological features. We conclude that the 16 strains represent a distinct species of the genus Acinetobacter , for which the name Acinetobacter variabilis sp. nov. is proposed to reflect its marked phenotypic heterogeneity. The type strain is NIPH 2171T ( = CIP 110486T = CCUG 26390T = CCM 8555T).
-
-
-
Chelatococcus caeni sp. nov., isolated from a biofilm reactor sludge sample
More LessA polyphasic taxonomic study was carried out on strain EBR-4-1T, which was isolated from a biofilm reactor in the Republic of Korea. The cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, motile and rod-shaped. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed a clear affiliation of this strain to the Alphaproteobacteria , and it was most closely related to Chelatococcus daeguensis CCUG 54519T, Chelatococcus sambhunathii HT4T, and Chelatococcus asaccharovorans DSM 6462T with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of these species of 98.8 %, 98.7 %, and 96.3 %, respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain EBR-4-1T was 68.7 mol%. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data [Q-10 as the major ubiquinone; C19 : 0cycloω8c, C18 : 1 2-OH, and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) as the major fatty acids] supported the affiliation of strain EBR-4-1T to the genus Chelatococcus . On the basis of the polyphasic evidence, it is proposed that strain EBR-4-1T should be assigned to a new species, Chelatococcus caeni sp. nov. The type strain is EBR-4-1T ( = KCTC 32487T = JCM 30181T).
-
-
-
Pseudomonas matsuisoli sp. nov., isolated from a soil sample
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and polar-flagellated bacterium, designated strain CC-MHH0089T, was isolated from a soil sample taken on Matsu Island (Taiwan). Strain CC-MHH0089T grew at 15–30 °C and pH 5.0–10.0 and tolerated ≤8 % (w/v) NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed high pairwise sequence similarity to Pseudomonas azotifigens 6H33bT (97.3 %) and Pseudomonas balearica SP1402T (96.7 %) and lower sequence similarity to other strains (<96.0 %). In DNA–DNA reassociation experiments, the relatedness of strain CC-MHH0089T to P. azotifigens JCM 12708T was 38.3 % (reciprocal value 19.5 %). Evolutionary trees reconstructed on the basis of 16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoB gene sequences revealed a varying phylogenetic neighbourhood of strain CC-MHH0089T with regard to the most closely related type strains. The predominant quinone system was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9) and the DNA G+C content was 63.6 mol%. The major fatty acids were C12 : 0, C16 : 0, C17 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and summed features 2 (C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1 I), 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c) and 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol. According to its distinct phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features, strain CC-MHH0089T is proposed to represent a novel species within the genus Pseudomonas , for which the name Pseudomonas matsuisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-MHH0089T ( = BCRC 80771T = JCM 30078T).
-
-
-
Neptunomonas phycophila sp. nov. isolated from a culture of Symbiodinium sp., a dinoflagellate symbiont of the sea anemone Aiptasia tagetes
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, strain SYM1T, was isolated from a culture of Symbiodinium sp., an algal symbiont of the sea anemone Aiptasia tagetes collected in Puerto Rico. Growth was observed at 4–40 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 5.0–11.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and with 0.5–8 % (optimum 2 %) (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SYM1T was a member of the genus Neptunomonas with the type strain of Neptunomonas naphthovorans as the closest phylogenetic relative with a pairwise sequence similarity of 98.15 %. However, DNA–DNA relatedness between strain SYM1T and N. naphthovorans CIP 106451T was 24 %. Moreover, strain SYM1T could be distinguished from its closest relative by several phenotypic characteristics such as NaCl, pH and temperature tolerance, nitrate reduction and utilization of carbon substrates. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain SYM1T was 45 mol%. Ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) was the only respiratory quinone detected. Based on a polyphasic taxonomic characterization, strain SYM1T represents a novel species of the genus Neptunomonas , for which the name Neptunomonas phycophila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SYM1T ( = LMG 28329T = CECT 8716T).
-
-
-
Acinetobacter seifertii sp. nov., a member of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus–Acinetobacter baumannii complex isolated from human clinical specimens
More LessThis study aimed to define the taxonomic status of a phenetically distinct group of 16 strains that corresponds to Acinetobacter genomic species ‘close to 13TU’, a provisional genomic species of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus–Acinetobacter baumannii (ACB) complex recognized by Gerner-Smidt and Tjernberg in 1993. These strains have been isolated in different countries since the early 1990s and were mostly recovered from human clinical specimens. They were compared with 45 reference strains representing the known taxa of the ACB complex using taxonomic methods relevant to the genus Acinetobacter . Based on sequence analysis of the concatenated partial sequences (2976 bp) of seven housekeeping genes, the 16 strains formed a tight and well-supported cluster (intracluster sequence identity of ≥98.4 %) that was clearly separated from the other members of the ACB complex (≤94.7 %). The species status of the group was supported by average nucleotide identity values of ≤91.7 % between the whole genome sequence of representative strain NIPH 973T (NCBI accession no. APOO00000000) and those of the other species. In addition, whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS analyses indicated the distinctness of the group at the protein level. Metabolic and physiological tests revealed several typical features of the group, although they did not allow its reliable differentiation from the other members of the ACB complex. We conclude that the 16 strains represent a distinct novel species, for which we propose the name Acinetobacter seifertii sp. nov. The type strain is NIPH 973T ( = CIP 110471T = CCUG 34785T = CCM 8535T).
-
-
-
Burkholderia megalochromosomata sp. nov., isolated from grassland soil
More LessA Gram-stain negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, obligate aerobic bacterial strain, JC2949T, was isolated from grassland soil in Gwanak Mountain, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA sequences, indicated that strain JC2949T belongs to the genus Burkholderia , showing highest sequence similarities with Burkholderia grimmiae R27T (98.8 %), Burkholderia cordobensis LMG 27620T (98.6 %), Burkholderia jiangsuensis MP-1TT (98.6 %), Burkholderia zhejiangensis OP-1T (98.5 %), Burkholderia humi LMG 22934T (97.5 %), Burkholderia terrestris LMG 22937T (97.3 %), Burkholderia telluris LMG 22936T (97.2 %) and Burkholderia glathei ATCC 29195T (97.0 %). The major fatty acids of strain JC2949T were C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. Its predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and an unknown amino phospholipid. The dominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. The pairwise average nucleotide identity values between strain JC2949T and the genomes of 30 other species of the genus Burkholderia ranged from 73.4–90.4 %, indicating that the isolate is a novel genomic species within this genus. Based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic comparisons, it is clear that strain JC2949T represents a novel species of the genus Burkholderia . We propose the name for this novel species to be Burkholderia megalochromosomata sp. nov. The type strain is JC2949T ( = KACC 17925T = JCM 19905T).
-
-
-
Rickettsia buchneri sp. nov., a rickettsial endosymbiont of the blacklegged tick Ixodes scapularis
We obtained a rickettsial isolate from the ovaries of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis. The isolate (ISO7T) was grown in the Ixodes ricinus embryonic cell line IRE11. We characterized the isolate by transmission electron microscopy and gene sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of 11 housekeeping genes demonstrated that the isolate fulfils the criteria to be classified as a representative of a novel rickettsial species closely related to ‘Rickettsia monacensis’. These rickettsiae form a clade separate from other species of rickettsiae. Gene sequences indicated that several genes important in rickettsial motility, invasiveness and temperature adaptation were mutated (e.g. sca2, rickA, hsp22, pldA and htrA). We propose the name Rickettsia buchneri sp. nov. for this bacterium that infects the ovaries of the tick I. scapularis to acknowledge the pioneering contributions of Professor Paul Buchner (1886–1978) to research on bacterial symbionts. The type strain of R. buchneri sp. nov. is strain ISO-7T ( = DSM 29016T = ATCC VR-1814T).
-
-
-
Hafnia psychrotolerans sp. nov., isolated from lake water
A psychrotolerant, Gram-stain-negative, motile, aerobic, peritrichous bacterium, strain DJC1-1T, was isolated from Lake Dajiaco, Tibetan Plateau, China. The strain was negative for citrate utilization, lipase activity and α-glucosidase, but positive for the Voges–Proskauer reaction and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that Hafnia paralvei ATCC 29927T, Hafnia alvei ATCC 13337T, Serratia grimesii DSM 30063T and Serratia plymuthica DSM 4540T were the closest relatives of strain DJC1-1T, with similarities of 97.76, 96.80, 97.71 and 97.58 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain DJC1-1T was 53.9 mol%. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C17 : 0 cyclo. Based on these characteristics, strain DJC1-1T can be assigned to the genus Hafnia . In DNA–DNA hybridization tests, strain DJC1-1T shared 50.6, 35.1, 36.5 and 18.1 % DNA–DNA relatedness with the type strains of H. paralvei , H. alvei , S. grimesii and S. plymuthica , respectively. The growth temperature ranged from 0 to 40 °C, with optimum growth at 15 °C. Physiological and biochemical tests differentiated strain DJC1-1T from the type strains of recognized species of the genus Hafnia . Therefore, strain DJC1-1T is identified as representing a novel species of the genus Hafnia, for which the name Hafnia psychrotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DJC1-1T ( = JCM 30077T = CGMCC1.12806T).
-
-
-
Campylobacter iguaniorum sp. nov., isolated from reptiles
More LessDuring sampling of reptiles for members of the class Epsilonproteobacteria , strains representing a member of the genus Campylobacter not belonging to any of the established taxa were isolated from lizards and chelonians. Initial amplified fragment length polymorphism, PCR and 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that these strains were most closely related to Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter hyointestinalis . A polyphasic study was undertaken to determine the taxonomic position of five strains. The strains were characterized by 16S rRNA and atpA sequence analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and conventional phenotypic testing. Whole-genome sequences were determined for strains 1485ET and 2463D, and the average nucleotide and amino acid identities were determined for these strains. The strains formed a robust phylogenetic clade, divergent from all other species of the genus Campylobacter . In contrast to most currently known members of the genus Campylobacter , the strains showed growth at ambient temperatures, which might be an adaptation to their reptilian hosts. The results of this study clearly show that these strains isolated from reptiles represent a novel species within the genus Campylobacter , for which the name Campylobacter iguaniorum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1485ET ( = LMG 28143T = CCUG 66346T).
-
-
-
Pseudomonas zhaodongensis sp. nov., isolated from saline and alkaline soils
Strain NEAU-ST5-21T was isolated from saline and alkaline soils in Zhaodong City, Heilongjiang Province, China. It was aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and motile with a polar flagellum. It produced yellow–orange colonies with a smooth surface, and grew in the presence of 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0 %, w/v), at temperatures of 20–40 °C (optimum 28 °C) and at pH 7–11 (optimum pH 7). Phylogenetic analyses based on the separate 16S rRNA gene sequences and concatenated 16S rRNA, gyrB and rpoD gene sequences indicated that strain NEAU-ST5-21T belongs to the genus Pseudomonas in the class Gammaproteobacteria . The most closely related species is Pseudomonas xanthomarina , whose type strain (KMM 1447T) showed gene sequence similarities of 99.0 % for 16S rRNA, 81.8 % for gyrB and 85.0 % for rpoD with strain NEAU-ST5-21T. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain NEAU-ST5-21T and P. xanthomarina DSM 18231T, Pseudomonas kunmingensis CGMCC 1.12273T, Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM 5190T, Pseudomonas oleovorans subsp. lubricantis DSM 21016T, Pseudomomas chengduensis CGMCC 2318T, Pseudomonas alcaliphila DSM 17744T and Pseudomonas toyotomiensis DSM 26169T were 52±0 % to 25±2 %. The DNA G+C content of strain NEAU-ST5-21T was 65 mol%. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c, C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c and C16 : 0, the predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 9, and polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unknown phospholipid, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown aminolipid, one unknown lipid and a glycolipid. The proposed name is Pseudomonas zhaodongensis sp. nov., NEAU-ST5-21T ( = ACCC 06362T = DSM 27559T) being the type strain.
-
-
-
Burkholderia susongensis sp. nov., a mineral-weathering bacterium isolated from weathered rock surface
More LessA novel type of mineral-weathering bacterium was isolated from the weathered surface of rock (mica schist) collected from Susong (Anhui, China). Cells of strain L226T were Gram-stain-negative. The strain grew optimally at 30 °C, with 1 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7.0 in trypticase soy broth. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, strain L226T was shown to belong to the genus Burkholderia and the closest phylogenetic relatives were Burkholderia sprentiae WSM5005T (98.3 %), Burkholderia acidipaludis NBRC 101816T (98.2 %), Burkholderia tuberum STM678T (97.2 %) and Burkholderia diazotrophica JPY461T (97.1 %). The DNA G+C content was 63.5 mol% and the respiratory quinone was Q-8. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The polar lipid profile of strain L226T consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, unknown lipids and unidentified aminophospholipids. Based on the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (ranging from 25.8 % to 34.4 %) to the tested type strains of species of the genus Burkholderia and unique phenotypic characteristics, it is suggested that strain L226T represents a novel species of the genus Burkholderia , for which the name Burkholderia susongensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is L226T ( = CCTCC AB2014142T = JCM 30231T).
-
-
-
Gynuella sunshinyii gen. nov., sp. nov., an antifungal rhizobacterium isolated from a halophyte, Carex scabrifolia Steud
More LessAn antifungal bacterial strain, designated YC6258T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of a halophyte (Carex scabrifolia Steud.) growing in a tidal flat area of Namhae Island, Korea. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, moderately halophilic, rod-shaped and motile by a single polar flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YC6258T formed a phyletic lineage distinct from members of the most closely related genera, Saccharospirillum and Reinekea, with less than 91.2 % sequence similarities. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and Summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/ C16 : 1ω6c). The quinone system of strain YC6258T consisted mainly of ubiquinone Q-8. The polar lipid profile exhibited phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and unknown lipids. The DNA G+C content was 48.9 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, strain YC6258T should be classified as a representative of a novel species in a novel genus for which the name Gynuella sunshinyii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6258T (KCCM 43015T = NBRC 109345T).
-
- Bacteroidetes
-
-
Flavicella marina gen. nov., sp. nov., a carotenoid-producing bacterium from surface seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped or spherical bacterium, strain 2A-7T, was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto city, Kochi prefecture, Japan. The strain produced a pigment(s), the absorption spectrum of which closely resembled that of β-carotene. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Flavobacteriaceae and clustered distantly with the type strains of species of the genus Lutibacter (up to 93.9 % similarity). The DNA G+C content was 34.1 mol%. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified lipids. Menaquinone 6 was detected as the sole isoprenoid quinone. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 2A-7T represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Flavicella marina gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Flavicella marina is 2A-7T ( = NBRC 110145T = KCTC 42197T).
-
-
-
Dyadobacter sediminis sp. nov., isolated from a subterranean sediment sample
More LessA Gram-reaction-negative, flexirubin-type-pigmented, rod-shaped, aerobic, non-motile bacterium, designated strain Z12T, was isolated from a subsurface sediment sample. In a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain Z12T formed a distinct clade with the members of the genus Dyadobacter (<96.7 % sequence similarity). The G+C content of genomic DNA was 45.4 %. The major fatty acids of strain Z12T were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c (summed feature 3) and anteiso-C17 : 1 B and/or iso-C17 : 1 I (summed feature 4). The major respiratory quinone was MK-7 and the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic features, strain Z12T is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Dyadobacter sediminis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is Z12T ( = JCM 30073T = CGMCC 1.12895T).
-
-
-
Hydrobacter penzbergensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from purified water
More LessA Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium, designated strain EM 4T, which varied in shape from rod-shaped to curved or helical with frequently observed bulb-shaped protuberances, was isolated from purified water. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the novel strain belongs to the family Chitinophagaceae within the phylum Bacteroidetes ; the closest relative among bacterial species with validly published names was determined to be Sediminibacterium salmoneum NBRC 103935T, with 93.4 % sequence identity. The main fatty acids of strain EM 4T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, aminolipids, aminophospholipids and unknown lipids; the quinone system consisted of menaquinone MK-7. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and the polar lipid and fatty acid profiles suggest that the strain represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Hydrobacter penzbergensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Hydrobacter penzbergensis is strain EM 4T ( = DSM 25353T = CCUG 62278T).
-
-
-
Mucilaginibacter gotjawali sp. nov., isolated from soil of a lava forest
A novel bacterial strain, designated SA3-7T, was isolated from soil of a lava forest located in Jeju, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain SA3-7T were Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-motile rods and produced creamy white colonies on ten-fold-diluted R2A agar. The isolate contained menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 43.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain SA3-7T was related most closely to Mucilaginibacter frigoritolerans FT22T (96.7 % sequence similarity) and that it formed a separate lineage in the genus Mucilaginibacter . Combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics supported the conclusion that strain SA3-7T represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter , for which the name Mucilaginibacter gotjawali sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is SA3-7T ( = KCTC 32515T = CECT 8628T = DSM 29289T).
-
-
-
Flavobacterium daemonensis sp. nov., isolated from Daemo Mountain soil
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, obligately aerobic, motile by gliding, bright yellow and rod-shaped bacterial strain was isolated from soil of Daemo Mountain (Daemosan) in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic study. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain THG–DJ7T was found to be most closely related to Flavobacterium denitrificans ED5T (97.9 % sequence similarity), Flavobacterium ginsenosidimutans THG 01T (97.6 %), Flavobacterium kyungheensis THG-107T (97.5 %), Flavobacterium anhuiense D3T (97.1 %) and Flavobacterium ginsengisoli DCY54T (97.0 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain THG–DJ7T and its phylogenetically closest neighbours was below 40.0 %. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 32.6 mol%. The only isoprenoid quinone detected in strain THG–DJ7T was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The major component in the polyamine pattern was sym-homospermidine. The major polar lipids were found to be phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, an unidentified aminophosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylserine and an unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). These data support the affiliation of strain THG–DJ7T to the genus Flavobacterium . We report the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characterization of strain THG–DJ7T. Based on the findings presented, a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , Flavobacterium daemonensis sp. nov. is proposed, with THG–DJ7T ( = KACC 17651T = JCM 19455T) as the type strain.
-
-
-
Mucinivorans hirudinis gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, mucin-degrading bacterium isolated from the digestive tract of the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana
More LessThree anaerobic bacterial strains were isolated from the digestive tract of the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana, using mucin as the primary carbon and energy source. These strains, designated M3T, M4 and M6, were Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming and non-motile. Cells were elongated bacilli approximately 2.4 µm long and 0.6 µm wide. Growth only occurred anaerobically under mesophilic and neutral pH conditions. All three strains could utilize multiple simple and complex sugars as carbon sources, with glucose fermented to acid by-products. The DNA G+C contents of strains M3T, M4 and M6 were 44.9, 44.8 and 44.8 mol%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acid of strain M3T was iso-C15 : 0. Phylogenetic analysis of full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the three strains shared >99 % similarity with each other and represent a new lineage within the family Rikenellaceae of the order Bacteroidales , phylum Bacteroidetes . The most closely related bacteria to strain M3T based on 16S rRNA gene sequences were Rikenella microfusus DSM 15922T (87.3 % similarity) and Alistipes finegoldii AHN 2437T (87.4 %). On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and physiological evidence, strains M3T, M4 and M6 are proposed as representing a novel species of a new genus within the family Rikenellaceae , for which the name Mucinivorans hirudinis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Mucinivorans hirudinis is M3T ( = ATCC BAA-2553T = DSM 27344T).
-
-
-
Flavobacterium palustre sp. nov., isolated from wetland soil
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, yellow-coloured, rod-shaped bacterium, designated S44T, was isolated from bankside soil of Xixi wetland, located in Zhejiang province, China. Growth of strain S44T was observed at 6–37 °C (optimum, 28 °C) and at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, 7.0). No growth occurred in the presence of >2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain S44T represented a member of the genus Flavobacterium , showing the highest sequence similarities to the sequences from Flavobacterium succinicans DSM 4002T (96.9 %), Flavobacterium reichenbachii WB 3.2-61T (96.6 %) and Flavobacterium glycines NCBI 105008T (96.5 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 33.6 mol%. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), and the major respiratory quinone was menaquinone 6 (MK-6). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids, two unknown aminophospholipids and four unknown polar lipids. On the basis of the phenotypic and genotypic data, it is proposed that the isolate S44T be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium palustre sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S44T ( = CGMCC 1.12811T = NBRC 110389T).
-
-
-
Pedobacter ureilyticus sp. nov., isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and pinkish-yellow bacterium, which was motile by gliding and designated strain THG–T11T, was isolated from tomato rhizosphere soil in Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain THG-T11T was found to be most closely related to ‘Pedobacter zeaxanthinifaciens’ TDMA-5 (95.9 % sequence similarity), Pedobacter agri PB92T (94.9 %), Pedobacter rhizosphaerae 01-96T (94.6 %) and Pedobacter alluvionis NWER-II11T (94.5 %). The DNA G+C content was 38.4 mol%. The only isoprenoid quinone detected in strain THG-T11T was menaquinone-7 (MK-7). The major component in the polyamine pattern was sym-homospermidine. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified glycolipid, an unidentified lipid, unidentified aminophospholipids and unidentified aminolipids. The major ceramide was found to be ceramide phosphorylethanolamine. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. These data support the affiliation of strain THG-T11T to the genus Pedobacter . Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, it is proposed that strain THG-T11T represents a novel species of the genus Pedobacter for which the name Pedobacter ureilyticus sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-T11T as the type strain ( = KACC 17660T = JCM 19461T).
-
- Other Bacteria
-
-
Thermogutta terrifontis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Thermogutta hypogea sp. nov., thermophilic anaerobic representatives of the phylum Planctomycetes
Two novel strains of thermophilic planctomycetes were recovered from terrestrial and subterranean habitats. Strain R1T was isolated from a hot spring (Kunashir Island, Russia) and strain SBP2T was isolated from a deep gold mine (South Africa). Both isolates grew in the temperature range 30–60 °C and pH range 5.0–8.0. Strain R1T grew optimally at 60 °C and pH 6.0–6.5; for SBP2T optimal conditions were at 52 °C and pH 7.5–8.0. Both strains were capable of anaerobic respiration with nitrate and nitrite as electron acceptors as well as of microaerobic growth. They also could grow by fermentation of mono-, di- and polysaccharides. Based on their phylogenetic position and phenotypic features we suggest that the new isolates represent two novel species belonging to a new genus in the order Planctomycetales , for which the names Thermogutta terrifontis gen. nov., sp. nov. and Thermogutta hypogea sp. nov. are proposed. The type strain of Thermogutta terrifontis, the type species of the genus, is R1T ( = DSM 26237T = VKM B-2805T), and the type strain of Thermogutta hypogea is SBP2T ( = JCM 19991T = VKM B-2782T).
-
- EVOLUTION, PHYLOGENY AND BIODIVERSITY
-
-
-
Phylogenomic analyses and molecular signatures for the class Halobacteria and its two major clades: a proposal for division of the class Halobacteria into an emended order Halobacteriales and two new orders, Haloferacales ord. nov. and Natrialbales ord. nov., containing the novel families Haloferacaceae fam. nov. and Natrialbaceae fam. nov.
More LessThe Halobacteria constitute one of the largest groups within the Archaea . The hierarchical relationship among members of this large class, which comprises a single order and a single family, has proven difficult to determine based upon 16S rRNA gene trees and morphological and physiological characteristics. This work reports detailed phylogenetic and comparative genomic studies on >100 halobacterial (haloarchaeal) genomes containing representatives from 30 genera to investigate their evolutionary relationships. In phylogenetic trees reconstructed on the basis of 32 conserved proteins, using both neighbour-joining and maximum-likelihood methods, two major clades (clades A and B) encompassing nearly two-thirds of the sequenced haloarchaeal species were strongly supported. Clades grouping the same species/genera were also supported by the 16S rRNA gene trees and trees for several individual highly conserved proteins (RpoC, EF-Tu, UvrD, GyrA, EF-2/EF-G). In parallel, our comparative analyses of protein sequences from haloarchaeal genomes have identified numerous discrete molecular markers in the form of conserved signature indels (CSI) in protein sequences and conserved signature proteins (CSPs) that are found uniquely in specific groups of haloarchaea. Thirteen CSIs in proteins involved in diverse functions and 68 CSPs that are uniquely present in all or most genome-sequenced haloarchaea provide novel molecular means for distinguishing members of the class Halobacteria from all other prokaryotes. The members of clade A are distinguished from all other haloarchaea by the unique shared presence of two CSIs in the ribose operon protein and small GTP-binding protein and eight CSPs that are found specifically in members of this clade. Likewise, four CSIs in different proteins and five other CSPs are present uniquely in members of clade B and distinguish them from all other haloarchaea. Based upon their specific clustering in phylogenetic trees for different gene/protein sequences and the unique shared presence of large numbers of molecular signatures, members of clades A and B are indicated to be distinct from all other haloarchaea because of their uniquely shared evolutionary histories. Based upon these results, it is proposed that clades A and B be recognized as two new orders, Natrialbales ord. nov. and Haloferacales ord. nov., within the class Halobacteria , containing the novel families Natrialbaceae fam. nov. and Haloferacaceae fam. nov. Other members of the class Halobacteria that are not members of these two orders will remain part of the emended order Halobacteriales in an emended family Halobacteriaceae .
-
-
-
-
Proposal to consistently apply the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) to names of the oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria), including those validly published under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN)/International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN), and proposal to change Principle 2 of the ICNP
More LessThis taxonomic note was motivated by the recent proposal [Oren & Garrity (2014) Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 64, 309–310] to exclude the oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (cyanobacteria) from the wording of General Consideration 5 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP), which entails unilateral coverage of these prokaryotes by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN; formerly the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, ICBN). On the basis of key viewpoints, approaches and rules in the systematics, taxonomy and nomenclature of prokaryotes it is reciprocally proposed to apply the ICNP to names of cyanobacteria including those validly published under the ICBN/ICN. For this purpose, a change to Principle 2 of the ICNP is proposed to enable validation of cyanobacterial names published under the ICBN/ICN rules.
-
Volumes and issues
-
Volume 74 (2024)
-
Volume 73 (2023)
-
Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
-
Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
-
Volume 70 (2020)
-
Volume 69 (2019)
-
Volume 68 (2018)
-
Volume 67 (2017)
-
Volume 66 (2016)
-
Volume 65 (2015)
-
Volume 64 (2014)
-
Volume 63 (2013)
-
Volume 62 (2012)
-
Volume 61 (2011)
-
Volume 60 (2010)
-
Volume 59 (2009)
-
Volume 58 (2008)
-
Volume 57 (2007)
-
Volume 56 (2006)
-
Volume 55 (2005)
-
Volume 54 (2004)
-
Volume 53 (2003)
-
Volume 52 (2002)
-
Volume 51 (2001)
-
Volume 50 (2000)
-
Volume 49 (1999)
-
Volume 48 (1998)
-
Volume 47 (1997)
-
Volume 46 (1996)
-
Volume 45 (1995)
-
Volume 44 (1994)
-
Volume 43 (1993)
-
Volume 42 (1992)
-
Volume 41 (1991)
-
Volume 40 (1990)
-
Volume 39 (1989)
-
Volume 38 (1988)
-
Volume 37 (1987)
-
Volume 36 (1986)
-
Volume 35 (1985)
-
Volume 34 (1984)
-
Volume 33 (1983)
-
Volume 32 (1982)
-
Volume 31 (1981)
-
Volume 30 (1980)
-
Volume 29 (1979)
-
Volume 28 (1978)
-
Volume 27 (1977)
-
Volume 26 (1976)
-
Volume 25 (1975)
-
Volume 24 (1974)
-
Volume 23 (1973)
-
Volume 22 (1972)
-
Volume 21 (1971)
-
Volume 20 (1970)
-
Volume 19 (1969)
-
Volume 18 (1968)
-
Volume 17 (1967)
-
Volume 16 (1966)
-
Volume 15 (1965)
-
Volume 14 (1964)
-
Volume 13 (1963)
-
Volume 12 (1962)
-
Volume 11 (1961)
-
Volume 10 (1960)
-
Volume 9 (1959)
-
Volume 8 (1958)
-
Volume 7 (1957)
-
Volume 6 (1956)
-
Volume 5 (1955)
-
Volume 4 (1954)
-
Volume 3 (1953)
-
Volume 2 (1952)
-
Volume 1 (1951)