- Volume 64, Issue Pt_7, 2014
Volume 64, Issue Pt_7, 2014
- Obituary
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- Validation List
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List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
More LessThe purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following effectively published new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries. It should be noted that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in the nomenclature of prokaryotes. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.
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- Notification List
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Notification that new names of prokaryotes, new combinations and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 64, part 4, of the IJSEM
More LessThis listing of names of prokaryotes published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles).
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- List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion
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Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM
More LessThe Bacteriological Code deals with the nomenclature of prokaryotes. This may include existing names (the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names) as well as new names and new combinations. In this sense the Code is also dealing indirectly with taxonomic opinions. However, as with most codes of nomenclature there are no mechanisms for formally recording taxonomic opinions that do not involve the creation of new names or new combinations. In particular, it would be desirable for taxonomic opinions resulting from the creation of synonyms or emended descriptions to be made widely available to the public. In 2004, the Editorial Board of the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM) agreed unanimously that it was desirable to cover such changes in taxonomic opinions (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) previously published outside the IJSEM, and to introduce a List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion [Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM; Euzéby et al. (2004). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 1429–1430]. Scientists wishing to have changes in taxonomic opinion included in future lists should send one copy of the pertinent reprint or a photocopy or a PDF file thereof to the IJSEM Editorial Office or to the Lists Editor. It must be stressed that the date of proposed taxonomic changes is the date of the original publication not the date of publication of the list. Taxonomic opinions included in the List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission. The names that are to be used are those that are the ‘correct names’ (in the sense of Principle 6) in the opinion of the bacteriologist, with a given circumscription, position and rank. A particular name, circumscription, position and rank does not have to be adopted in all circumstances. Consequently, the List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion must be considered as a service to bacteriology and it has no ‘official character’, other than providing a centralized point for registering/indexing such changes in a way that makes them easily accessible to the scientific community.
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Nocardioides pacificus sp. nov., isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium, designated strain XH274T, was isolated from a deep sub-seafloor sediment sample collected from the South Pacific Gyre (41° 58′ S 163° 11′ W) during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 329. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain XH274T belonged to the genus Nocardioides and shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Nocardioides kribbensis KSL-2T (96.81 %), Nocardioides daedukensis MDN22T (96.74 %) and Nocardioides psychrotolerans RHLT2-1T (96.61 %). The DNA G+C content of strain XH274T was 74.6 mol%. The cell wall of strain XH274T contained ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid, and ribose, glucose, galactose and mannose as the major whole-cell sugars. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 1ω8c. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-8(H4). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and two unknown phospholipids. On the basis of data from the polyphasic analysis, strain XH274T is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Nocardioides , for which the name Nocardioides pacificus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XH274T ( = DSM 27278T = JCM 19260T).
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Microbacterium kyungheense sp. nov. and Microbacterium jejuense sp. nov., isolated from salty soil
More LessTwo novel strains, THG-C26T and THG-C31T, were characterized using a polyphasic approach to determine their taxonomic positions. These two isolates were aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. 16S rRNA gene sequences and phenotypic features including chemotaxonomic characteristics indicated that the two isolates clearly represented members of the genus Microbacterium . The quinone systems of strains THG-C26T and THG-C31T contained MK-12/MK-13 as major menaquinones. The diamino acid in cell-wall hydrolysates of the two strains was ornithine. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The polyamine pattern had spermidine as the predominant component. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and unidentified glycolipids. Phenotypic characteristics supported the affiliation of strains THG-C26T and THG-C31T to the genus Microbacterium . Chemotaxonomic data and DNA–DNA relatedness values allowed differentiation of these strains from other species of the genus Microbacterium with validly published names. Strains THG-C26T and THG-C31T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Microbacterium resistens DMMZ 1710T (98.5 %) and Microbacterium trichothecenolyticum IFO 15077T (98.8 %), respectively, and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between them was 99.0 %. DNA–DNA hybridization values between the novel isolates and strains of other species of the genus Microbacterium with validly published names were 4–25 %. Therefore, strains THG-C26T and THG-C31T are considered to represent two novel species of the genus Microbacterium , for which the names Microbacterium kyungheense sp. nov. [type strain THG-C26T ( = KACC 17124T = JCM 18735T)] and Microbacterium jejuense sp. nov. [type strain THG-C31T ( = KACC 17123T = JCM 18734T)] are proposed.
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Cellulomonas pakistanensis sp. nov., a moderately halotolerant Actinobacteria
A rod-shaped, motile, facultatively anaerobic and moderately halotolerant plant-growth-promoting actinobacterial strain, designated NCCP-11T, was isolated from paddy grains. To delineate its taxonomic position, the strain was subjected to a polyphasic characterization. Cells of strain NCCP-11T grew at 10–37 °C (optimum 28–32 °C), at pH 6–9 (optimum pH 7) and in 0–12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1–2 %) in broth medium. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NCCP-11T showed highest similarity to the type strains of Cellulomonas hominis (98.99 %) and Cellulomonas denverensis (98.09 %) and less than 97 % with other closely related taxa. The chemotaxonomic data [major menaquinone: MK-9(H4); cell-wall peptidoglycan: type A4β; major fatty acids: anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C14 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0; major polar lipids: diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositolmannosides and two unknown polar lipids] also supported the affiliation of strain NCCP-11T to the genus Cellulomonas . The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain NCCP-11T and the two type strains mentioned above was less than 42.7 %. On the basis of DNA–DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical characteristics and phylogenetic position, strain NCCP-11T can be differentiated from species of the genus Cellulomonas with validly published names and thus represents a novel species, for which the name Cellulomonas pakistanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NCCP-11T ( = DSM 24792T = JCM 18755T = KCTC 19798T).
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Tomitella cavernea sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil
A Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, irregular rod-shaped actinobacterium, designated YIM C00895T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Jiuxiang Scenic Region, Yunnan province, south-west China. The strain was able to grow at 10–28 °C, pH 6.0–10.0 and 0–11 % NaCl (w/v). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA (95.3 %) gene sequences revealed the highest similarity to Tomitella biformata AHU1821T. The whole-cell hydrolysates of strain YIM C00895T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose, indicating chemotype IV. The muramic acids in the peptidoglycan were glycolated. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified glycolipid. MK-9(H2) was the predominant menaquinone. The major fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1 and C18 : 1ω9c and tuberculostearic acid (10-methyl C18 : 0) was present in relatively small amounts (4.5 %). TLC analysis of its cellular mycolic acids showed a similar profile to Tomitella biformata DSM 45403T. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 67.5 mol%. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed strain YIM C00895T to be differentiated phenotypically from Tomitella biformata DSM 45403T. On the basis of evidence from this polyphasic study, the novel species Tomitella cavernea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Tomitella cavernea is YIM C00895T ( = DSM 45788T = JCM 18542T).
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Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens sp. nov., a urolithin-producing bacterium isolated from the human gut
More LessUrolithins are dibenzopyranone metabolites that exert anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and are produced by the gut microbiota from the dietary polyphenols ellagic acid (EA) and ellagitannins. However, the bacteria involved in this process remain unknown. We report here a novel bacterium, strain CEBAS 1/15PT, capable of metabolizing EA to urolithins, that was isolated from healthy human faeces and characterized by determining phenotypic, biochemical and molecular methods. The strain was related to Gordonibacter pamelaeae 7-10-1-bT, the type and only reported strain of the only species of the genus Gordonibacter, with about 97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity; they were both obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, Gram-stain-positive, short-rods/coccobacilli and metabolized only small numbers of carbon sources. l-Fucose, d-fructose, turanose, d-galacturonic acid and α-ketobutyric acid were metabolized by strain CEBAS 1/15PT, while G. pamelaeae was negative for metabolism of these compounds. The whole-cell fatty acids consisted predominantly of saturated fatty acids (70 %); strain CEBAS 1/15PT differed significantly from G. pamelaeae in the major fatty acid, which was C18 : 1ω9c, while anteiso-C15 : 0 was the major component for G. pamelaeae . The presence of a number of different fatty acid peaks, especially C19 : 0 cyclo and C18 : 1ω6c, was also indicative of distinct species. Six glycolipids (GL1–6) were recognized, while, in G. pamelaeae, only four glycolipids were described. On the basis of these data, the novel species Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens sp. nov. is described, with strain CEBAS 1/15PT ( = DSM 27213T = CCUG 64261T) as the type strain.
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Janibacter indicus sp. nov., isolated from hydrothermal sediment of the Indian Ocean
More LessA Gram-staining-positive, aerobic and non-motile strain, 0704P10-1T, was isolated from hydrothermal sediment of the Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data for the organism supported that it belonged to the genus Janibacter . Strain 0704P10-1T showed 97.2–98.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type strains of recognized members of the genus Janibacter . It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell wall. MK-8(H4) was the only menaquinone detected. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and 10-methyl C17 : 0. Meanwhile, the results of DNA–DNA hybridization studies and other physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 0704P10-1T from closely related species. Thus, strain 0704P10-1T represents a novel species of the genus Janibacter , for which the name Janibacter indicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 0704P10-1T ( = LMG 27493T = CGMCC 1.12511T).
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Oryzihumus terrae sp. nov., isolated from soil and emended description of the genus Oryzihumus
A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-flagellated bacterium, designated KIS22-12T, was isolated from a soil sample of Baengnyeong Island in Onjin county, Republic of Korea. Cells were non-spore-forming cocci showing catalase-positive and oxidase-negative reactions. Growth of strain KIS22-12T was observed between 10 and 35 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C), between pH 5.0 and 9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain KIS22-12T contained MK-8(H4) as the predominant menaquinone, and C17 : 1ω8c, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acids. Strain KIS22-12T contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, one unknown aminophospholipid, one unknown aminolipid, two unknown phospholipids and one unknown lipid. The peptidoglycan type was A1γ. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 75.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KIS22-12T formed a phyletic lineage with Oryzihumus leptocrescens KV-628T. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two strains was 96.5 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strain KIS22-12T represents a novel species within the genus Oryzihumus , for which the name Oryzihumus terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KIS22-12T ( = KACC 16543T = DSM 27161T = NBRC 109596T). An emended description of the genus Oryzihumus is also provided.
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Streptosporangium jomthongense sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from rhizospheric soil and emendation of the genus Streptosporangium
A novel actinomycete, strain 30EHST, was isolated from the rhizospheric soil under an elephant ear plant (Caladium bicolor) in Jomthong district, Bangkok, Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 30EHST fell within the cluster of the genus Streptosporangium . Chemical composition analysis confirmed that the strain represented a member of the genus Streptosporangium even though this strain produced a tightly packed single spore on aerial hyphae. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain 30EHST was most closely related to Streptosporangium fragile NBRC 14311T (98.1 %), Streptosporangium carneum NBRC 15562T (97.8 %) and Streptosporangium violaceochromogenes NBRC 15560T (97.4 %). The DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness values between strain 30EHST and the above three strains were below 70 %. Based on combined data for phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness and physiological characteristics, it was concluded that strain 30EHST should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Streptosporangium . We propose the name Streptosporangium jomthongense sp. nov., with the type strain 30EHST ( = BCC 53154T = NBRC 110047T). An emended description of the genus Streptosporangium is also proposed.
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Glycomyces fuscus sp. nov. and Glycomyces albus sp. nov., actinomycetes isolated from a hypersaline habitat
More LessTwo actinomycete strains, designated TRM 49117T and TRM 49136T, were isolated from a hypersaline habitat in Xinjiang Province, north-west China and were characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic study. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain TRM 49117T had 93.93 % similarity with the type strain Glycomyces halotolerans TRM 40137T (GenBank accession no. HQ651156) and TRM 49136T had 94.32 % similarity with G. halotolerans TRM 40137T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two new isolates was 93 %. The isolates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as major cellular fatty acids. The predominant menaquinones of the isolates were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). The whole-cell sugar patterns of these strains contained xylose and ribose, and strain TRM 49136T also contained arabinose. The polar lipid pattern of strain TRM 49117T comprised phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol and three additional unknown phospholipids. The polar lipid pattern of strain TRM 49136T comprised phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipids and two phosphoglycolipids of unknown composition. Genotypic and phenotypic data confirmed that strains TRM 49117T and TRM 49136T represent two novel species, clearly different from related species of the genus Glycomyces , for which the names Glycomyces fuscus sp. nov. (type strain TRM 49117T = CCTCC AA 2013003T = NRRL B-59998T = KACC 17682T) and Glycomyces albus sp. nov. (type strain TRM 49136T = CCTCC AA 2013004T = NRRL B-24927T = KACC 17681T) are proposed.
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Nonomuraea muscovyensis sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessA novel actinomycete, strain FMN03T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Yuga Zapadnaya South-West Forest Park, Moscow, Russia. The isolate had chemical and morphological properties typical of members of the genus Nonomuraea and formed a distinct 16S rRNA gene subclade with the type strains Nonomuraea roseoviolacea subsp. carminata NBRC 15903T and Nonomuraea roseoviolacea subsp. roseoviolacea NBRC 14098T. The organism formed extensively branched substrate and aerial hyphae, which generated spiral chains of spores with smooth surfaces. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole cell sugars were glucose, galactose and trace amounts of madurose, mannose and xylose. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified phospholipids, four unidentified glycolipids and one unidentified lipid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 2-OH, C17 : 0 10-methyl, C17 : 1 cis9 and iso-C16 : 0. Analyses of its morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, together with DNA–DNA relatedness data, confirmed that strain FMN03T is a representative of a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea , which is distinct from closely related reference strains. Strain FMN03T ( = DSM 45913T = KCTC 29233T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Nonomuraea muscovyensis sp. nov. is proposed.
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Nocardioides zeae sp. nov., isolated from the stem of Zea mays
More LessA Gram-stain-positive aerobic organism, isolated from the healthy stem of a Zea mays plant was studied for its taxonomic position. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis strain JM-1068T was most closely related to Nocardioides alkalitolerans (97.2 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to all other species of the genus Nocardioides was ≤96.1 %. The quinone system of strain JM-1068T contained the major menaquinone MK-8(H4). The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was ll-diaminopimelic acid. In the polar lipid profile, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and two unidentified phospholipids were predominant. The polyamine pattern contained predominantly spermidine and spermine. The fatty acid profile was composed of iso-C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω9c in addition to C16 : 0, C17 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c and low amounts of C16 : 0 2-OH and C17 : 0 2-OH. This supported the allocation of the strain to the genus Nocardioides . In addition, the results of physiological and biochemical tests also allowed phenotypic differentiation of strain JM-1068T from N. alkalitolerans . It is concluded that JM-1068T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides , for which we propose the name Nocardioides zeae sp. nov., with JM-1068T ( = CIP 110696T = LMG 28079T) as the type strain.
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- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
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Megasphaera indica sp. nov., an obligate anaerobic bacteria isolated from human faeces
More LessTwo coccoid, non-motile, obligately anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative bacteria, occurring singly or in pairs, or as short chains, with a mean size of 1.4–2.5 µm were isolated from the faeces of two healthy human volunteers, aged 26 and 56 years, and were designated NMBHI-10T and BLPYG-7, respectively. Both the strains were affiliated to the sub-branch Sporomusa of the class Clostridia as revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolates NMBHI-10T and BLPYG-7 showed 99.1 and 99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively, with Megasphaera elsdenii JCM 1772T. DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic analysis showed that both the strains were distinct from their closest relative, M. elsdenii JCM 1772T (42 and 53 % DNA–DNA relatedness with NMBHI-10T and BLPYG-7, respectively), but belong to the same species (DNA–DNA relatedness of 80.9 % between the isolates). According to DNA–DNA hybridization results, the coccoid strains belong to the same genospecies, and neither is related to any of the recognized species of the genus Megasphaera . Strains NMBHI-10T and BLPYG-7 grew in PYG broth at temperatures of between 15 and 40 °C (optimum 37 °C), but not at 45 °C. The strains utilized a range of carbohydrates as sources of carbon and energy including glucose, lactose, cellobiose, rhamnose, galactose and sucrose. Glucose fermentation resulted in the formation of volatile fatty acids, mainly caproic acid and organic acids such as succinic acid. Phylogenetic analysis, specific phenotypic characteristics and/or DNA G+C content also differentiated the strains from each other and from their closest relatives. The DNA G+C contents of strains NMBHI-10T and BLPYG-7 are 57.7 and 54.9 mol%, respectively. The major fatty acids were 12 : 0 FAME and 17 : 0 CYC FAME. On the basis of these data, we conclude that strains NMBHI-10T and BLPYG-7 should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Megasphaera , for which the name Megsphaera indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NMBHI-10T ( = DSM 25563T = MCC 2481T).
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Alicyclobacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov., a thermophilic, cellulolytic bacterium isolated from steamed Japanese cedar chips from a lumbermill
A thermophilic bacterium, strain SueokaT, was isolated from steamed Japanese cedar chips from a lumber mill in Gobo, Japan. The strain was able to grow on carboxymethyl cellulose at 60 °C, was Gram-stain-negative, and grew between 40.0 and 67.5 °C (optimum at 55 °C) and between pH 3.5 and 6.5 (optimum at pH 4.8). Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed 91.9 , 90.9 , and 90.8 % similarity to Alicyclobacillus macrosporangiidus T , Alicyclobacillus pomorum T , and Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius T , respectively. The major quinone was MK-7 and the predominant cellular fatty acids were ω-cyclohexane C19 : 0 and ω-cyclohexane C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 60.8 mol%. Based on the results of this study, strain SueokaT is a novel species of the genus Alicyclobacillus , and the namehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1601/nm.5071 Alicyclobacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov. (type strain SueokaT = JCM 18487T = KCTC 33007T) is proposed.
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Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays
More LessA Gram-positive-staining, aerobic, endospore-forming bacterium, strain P-207T, was isolated from a rhizosphere soil sample in Auburn, AL, USA. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain P-207T was grouped in the vicinity of representatives of the genera Virgibacillus , Ornithinibacillus , Cerasibacillus , Lentibacillus and Oceanobacillus , but could not be assigned clearly to any of these genera. The highest similarity was found to the sequence of Virgibacillus carmonensis LMG 20964T (94.4 %); however, the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain of the type species of Virgibacillus , Virgibacillus pantothenticus , was only 92.9 %. The quinone system of strain P-207T consisted predominantly of menaquinone MK-7. The polar lipid profile exhibited the major lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine and moderate to minor amounts of several unidentified phospholipids, glycolipids and phosphoglycolipids, an aminophospholipid and an aminolipid. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid and the polyamine pattern contained predominantly spermidine and spermine. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 34 mol%. Because of the low sequence similarity of strain P-207T to all representatives of Virgibacillus , Ornithinibacillus , Cerasibacillus , Lentibacillus and Oceanobacillus , which was always <95 %, and its unique lipid pattern, we propose that strain P-207T represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Pseudogracilibacillus auburnensis is P-207T ( = CCM 8509T = LMG 28212T = CIP 110797T).
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Ercella succinigenes gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic succinate-producing bacterium
A novel anaerobic succinate-producing bacterium, strain ZWBT, was isolated from sludge collected from a biogas desulfurization bioreactor (Eerbeek, the Netherlands). Cells were non-spore-forming, motile, slightly curved rods (0.4–0.5 µm in diameter and 2–3 µm in length), and stained Gram-negative. The temperature range for growth was 25–40 °C, with an optimum at 37 °C. The pH range for growth was 7.0–9.0, with an optimum at pH 7.5. Strain ZWBT was able to ferment glycerol and several carbohydrates mainly to H2, succinate and acetate. Sulfur and fumarate could be used as electron acceptors by strain ZWBT. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.6 mol%. The most abundant fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 DMA. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain ZWBT belongs to the family Ruminococcaceae and it is distantly related to Saccharofermentans acetigenes JCM 14006T (92.1 %). Based on the physiological features and phylogenetic analysis, strain ZWBT represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Ercella succinigenes gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Ercella succinigenes is ZWBT ( = DSM 27333T = JCM 19283T).
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Bacillus qingshengii sp. nov., a rock-weathering bacterium isolated from weathered rock surface
More LessA novel type of rock-weathering bacterium was isolated from weathered rock (tuff) surface collected from Dongxiang (Jiangxi, eastern China). Cells of strain G19T were Gram-reaction-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming and non-motile. The strain was aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, and grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7.0. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain G19T was shown to belong to the genus Bacillus and the closest phylogenetic relatives were Bacillus aryabhattai B8W22T (97.4 %) and Bacillus megaterium IAM 13418T (97.1 %). The DNA G+C content was 36.7 mol% and the predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile of strain G19T contained phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid. Based on the low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (ranging from 49.4 % to 55.0 %) to these type strains of species of the genus Bacillus and unique phenotypic characteristics, strain G19T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus , for which the name Bacillus qingshengii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G19T ( = CCTCC AB 2013273T = JCM 19454T).
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Streptococcus moroccensis sp. nov. and Streptococcus rifensis sp. nov., isolated from raw camel milk
Two catalase- and oxidase-negative Streptococcus -like strains, LMG 27682T and LMG 27684T, were isolated from raw camel milk in Morocco. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing assigned these bacteria to the genus Streptococcus with Streptococcus rupicaprae 2777-2-07T as their closest phylogenetic neighbour (95.9 % and 95.7 % similarity, respectively). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the two strains was 96.7 %. Although strains LMG 27682T and LMG 27684T shared a DNA–DNA hybridization value that corresponded to the threshold level for species delineation (68 %), the two strains could be distinguished by multiple biochemical tests, sequence analysis of the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthase (pheS), RNA polymerase (rpoA) and ATP synthase (atpA) genes and by their MALDI-TOF MS profiles. On the basis of these considerable phenotypic and genotypic differences, we propose to classify both strains as novel species of the genus Streptococcus , for which the names Streptococcus moroccensis sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 27682T = CCMM B831T) and Streptococcus rifensis sp. nov. (type strain, LMG 27684T = CCMM B833T) are proposed.
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Streptococcus cuniculi sp. nov., isolated from the respiratory tract of wild rabbits
Biochemical and molecular genetic studies were performed on four unknown Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative, coccus-shaped organisms isolated from tonsils (n = 3) and nasal samples (n = 1) of four wild rabbits. The micro-organism was identified as a streptococcal species based on its cellular morphological and biochemical tests. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed its identification as a member of the genus Streptococcus , but the organism did not correspond to any recognized species of this genus. The closest phylogenetic relative of the unknown cocci from wild rabbits was Streptococcus acidominimus NCIMB 702025T (97.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). rpoB and sodA sequence analysis of the novel isolate showed interspecies divergence of 16.2 % and 20.3 %, respectively, from the type strain of its closest 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic relative, S. acidominimus . The novel bacterial isolate could be distinguished from the type strain of S. acidominimus by several biochemical characteristics, such as the production of esterase C4, acid phosphatase and naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase and acidification of different sugars. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be classified as a novel species of the genus Streptococcus , Streptococcus cuniculi sp. nov. The type strain is NED12-00049-6BT ( = CECT 8498T = CCUG 65085T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Lysobacter panacisoli sp. nov., isolated from ginseng soil
More LessA novel bacterial strain, designated CJ29T, was isolated from ginseng soil of Anseong in South Korea. Cells of strain CJ29T were Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile. Strain CJ29T grew optimally at 28–30 °C and pH 7.0. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain CJ29T was shown to belong to the genus Lysobacter within the class Gammaproteobacteria and was related most closely to Lysobacter soli DCY21T (98.5 % similarity) and Lysobacter niastensis GH41-7T (98.2 %). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CJ29T and its closest relatives was below 55.6 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain CJ29T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.6 mol%. Phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics strongly supported the differentiation of strain CJ29T from related species of the genus Lysobacter . On the basis of data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain CJ29T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Lysobacter , for which the name Lysobacter panacisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CJ29T ( = KACC 17502T = JCM 19212T).
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Rhodoplanes oryzae sp. nov., a phototrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from the rhizosphere soil of paddy
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, phototrophic bacterium, strain JA793T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of paddy. The strain was capable of growing phototrophically and chemotrophically. Bacteriochlorophyll-a and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series were present as photosynthetic pigments. The major fatty acid of strain JA793T was C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c (>65.7 %), with minor amounts of C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C20 : 2ω6,9c, C16 : 0 3-OH, C14 : 0 and C18 : 0 also present. Ubiquinone-10 and rhodoquinone-10 were present as primary quinones. Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine were the major polar lipids, while minor amounts of amino lipids and unidentified lipids were also present. The G+C content of genomic DNA of strain JA793T was 68.7 mol%. 16S rRNA gene-based EzTaxon-e blast search analysis of strain JA793T indicated highest sequence similarity with members of the genus Rhodoplanes in the family Hyphomicrobiaceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria . Strain JA793T had high sequence similarity with Rhodoplanes elegans AS130T (98.6 %), Rhodoplanes roseus 941T (98 %), Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli JA415T (97.5 %) and Rhodoplanes piscinae JA266T (97.3 %) and other members of the genus Rhodoplanes (<97 %). However, strain JA266T was related by <59 % (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) to Rhodoplanes elegans DSM 11907T ( = AS130T), Rhodoplanes roseus DSM 5909T ( = 941T), Rhodoplanes pokkaliisoli JA415T and Rhodoplanes piscinae JA266T. The genomic information was well supported by phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data to classify strain JA793T as a representative of a novel species in the genus Rhodoplanes , for which the name Rhodoplanes oryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JA793T ( = NBRC 109406T = KCTC 15260T).
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Aquisalimonas halophila sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a hypersaline mine
A Gram-negative, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic strain, designated YIM 95345T, was isolated from a soil sample of a hypersaline mine in Yunnan province, PR China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain YIM 95345T grew at 15–45 °C (optimum 30–35 °C), 3.0–23.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 10.0–11.0 %, w/v) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–8.0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the organism belongs to the genus Aquisalimonas and exhibited sequence similarity of 96.6 % to the sole type strain Aquisalimonas asiatica CG12T. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, three aminolipids and three unidentified phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 59.4 mol%. Based on the results of our comparative phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and physiological analyses, the new isolate is assigned to a novel species of the genus Aquisalimonas , for which the name Aquisalimonas halophila sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain YIM 95345T ( = DSM 25902T = CCTCC AB 2012043T).
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Sphingopyxis contaminans sp. nov., isolated from a contaminated Petri dish
More LessStrain JC216T was isolated from a contaminated Petri dish. Colonies were of pale yellow colour and cells were Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-positive and catalase-positive. Chitin, starch and gelatin were not hydrolysed. Strain JC216T contained C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c, C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C14 : 0 2-OH and C16 : 0 as the major (≥8 %) fatty acids with minor amounts of C12 : 0, C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 1 2-OH, C17 : 1ω6c, C17 : 1ω8c and C17 : 1ω9c. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and sphingoglycolipid were the major polar lipids. Minor amounts of unidentified amino lipids and unidentified lipids were also detected. The major hopanoids identified were bacterial hopane derivatives and diplopterol. Minor amounts of diploptene and an unidentified hopanoid were also present. Spermidine was the major polyamine with minor amounts of sym-homospermidine and putrescine. N-Acetylglucosamine and fructose were identified as major cell-wall sugars along with minor amounts of mannose and galactose. The genomic DNA G+C content was 55 mol%. Comparisons of the16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain JC216T represents a member of the genus Sphingopyxis in the family Sphingomonadaceae within the class Alphaproteobacteria . Strain JC216T had a sequence similarity of 97.28 % with Sphingopyxis wooponensis 03SU3-PT and <96.71 % with other members of the family Sphingomonadaceae . Furthermore, strain JC216T had 33±1 % relatedness (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) with S. wooponensis KCTC 23340T ( = 03SU3-PT). Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from the previously described taxa support the classification of strain JC216T as a representative of a novel species in the genus Sphingopyxis , for which the name Sphingopyxis contaminans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC216T ( = KCTC 32445T = LMG 27671T).
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Achromobacter sediminum sp. nov., isolated from deep subseafloor sediment of South Pacific Gyre
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, motile bacterium with a subpolar or lateral flagellum, designated strain XH089T, was isolated from deep-sea sediment sample collected from the South Pacific Gyre (41°51′ S 153°06′ W) during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 329. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain XH089T belonged to the genus Achromobacter and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Achromobacter ruhlandii ATCC 15749T (96.95 %), Achromobacter denitrificans DSM 30026T (96.70 %) and Achromobacter marplatensis B2T (96.66 %). The DNA G+C content of strain XH089T was 66.5 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C17 : 0 cyclo. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unknown phospholipids and four unknown polar lipids. On the basis of data from the polyphasic analysis, strain XH089T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Achromobacter , for which the name Achromobacter sediminum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XH089T ( = DSM 27279T = JCM 19223T).
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Dickeya aquatica sp. nov., isolated from waterways
More LessPectinolytic Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from different waterways in the UK and Finland. Three strains (174/2T, 181/2 and Dw054) had the same 16S rRNA gene sequences which shared 99 % sequence similarity to species of the genus Dickeya , and a phylogeny of related genera confirmed attribution to this genus. Fatty acid profile analysis of all three strains found a high proportion of C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0 fatty acids, and library profile searches found closest matches to Dickeya chrysanthemi . Production of a concatenated phylogeny using six loci, recA, gapA, atpD, gyrB, infB and rpoB, provided a high-resolution phylogeny which placed strains 174/2T and 181/2 as a distinct clade, separated from the other species of the genus Dickeya by a relatively long branch-length. DNA–DNA hybridization analysis with a limited number of reference species also supported the distinctiveness of strains 174/2T and 181/2 within the genus Dickeya . All three strains could be phenotypically distinguished from other species of the genus by fermentation of melibiose and raffinose but not d-arabinose or mannitol. The name Dickeya aquatica sp. nov. is proposed for the new taxon; the type strain is 174/2T ( = NCPPB 4580T = LMG 27354T).
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Endozoicomonas atrinae sp. nov., isolated from the intestine of a comb pen shell Atrina pectinata
More LessA novel bacterium, designated strain WP70T, was isolated from the gut of a comb pen shell (Atrina pectinata) collected from the southern sea of Yeosu in Korea. The isolate was Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain WP70T belonged to the genus Endozoicomonas . The highest level of sequence similarity (98.4 %) was shared with Endozoicomonas elysicola MKT110T. Optimal growth occurred in 2 % (w/v) NaCl at 30 °C and at pH 7. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The main respiratory quinone was Q-9. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 50.5 mol% and DNA–DNA hybridization values indicated <11 % genomic relatedness to the closest species. Physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and genotypic analyses indicated that strain WP70T represents a novel species of the genus Endozoicomonas , for which the name Endozoicomonas atrinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WP70T ( = KACC 17474T = JCM 19190T).
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Novosphingobium kunmingense sp. nov., isolated from a phosphate mine
A yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, round-ended bacterium, designated strain 18-11HKT, was isolated from a phosphate mine situated in the suburb of Kunming in Yunnan province in south-western China. The taxonomic status of this strain was evaluated by using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain 18-11HKT was shown to belong to the genus Novosphingobium , showing the highest levels of sequence similarity with respect to ‘Novosphingobium ginsenosidimutans’ FW-6 (97.2 %), Novosphingobium subterraneum DSM 12447T (96.7 %), Novosphingobium aromaticivorans DSM 12444T (96.7 %) and Novosphingobium tardaugens DSM 16702T (96.3 %). Strain 18-11HKT had a genomic DNA G+C content of 65.3 mol% and Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. DNA–DNA hybridizations of strain 18-11HKT with N. subterraneum DSM 12447T, N. aromaticivorans DSM 12444T and N. tardaugens DSM 16702T showed low relatedness values of 29.6, 33.5 and 32.3 %, respectively. The predominant fatty acids of strain 18-11HKT were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0, and the major 2-hydroxy fatty acid was C14 : 0 2-OH. The polar lipid profile revealed the presence of sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and some unidentified lipids. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain 18-11HKT represents a novel species of the genus Novosphingobium , for which the name Novosphingobium kunmingense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 18-11HKT ( = CGMCC 1.12274T = DSM 25975T).
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Pseudomonas hussainii sp. nov., isolated from droppings of a seashore bird, and emended descriptions of Pseudomonas pohangensis, Pseudomonas benzenivorans and Pseudomonas segetis
More LessTwo Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterial strains that are motile by a monopolar flagellum, designated CC-AMH-11T and CC-AMHZ-5, were isolated from droppings of a seashore bird off the coast of Hualien, Taiwan. The strains showed 99.7 % mutual pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, while exhibiting <96.2 % sequence similarity to strains of other species of the genus Pseudomonas (95.7–95.9 % similarity with type species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa LMG 1242T), and formed a distinct co-phyletic lineage in the phylogenetic trees. The common major fatty acids (>5 % of the total) were C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8), C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c (summed feature 3), C16 : 0 and C12 : 0. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, an unidentified lipid and an unidentified phospholipid were detected as common polar lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains CC-AMH-11T and CC-AMHZ-5 were 61.1 and 61.6 mol%, respectively. The common major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9), and the predominant polyamine was putrescine. The DNA–DNA hybridization obtained between the two strains was 79.0 % (reciprocal value 89.4 % using CC-AMHZ-5 DNA as the probe). The very high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and DNA–DNA relatedness and the poorly distinguishable phenotypic features witnessed between CC-AMH-11T and CC-AMHZ-5 suggested unambiguously that they are two distinct strains of a single genomic species. However, the strains also showed several genotypic and phenotypic characteristics that distinguished them from other closely related species of Pseudomonas . Thus, the strains are proposed to represent a novel species of Pseudomonas , for which the name Pseudomonas hussainii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-AMH-11T ( = JCM 19513T = BCRC 80696T); a second strain of the same species is CC-AMHZ-5 ( = JCM 19512 = BCRC 80697). In addition, emended descriptions of the species Pseudomonas pohangensis , Pseudomonas benzenivorans and Pseudomonas segetis are also proposed.
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Pseudomonas helmanticensis sp. nov., isolated from forest soil
A bacterial strain, OHA11T, was isolated during the course of a study of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria occurring in a forest soil from Salamanca, Spain. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain OHA11T shared 99.1 % similarity with respect to Pseudomonas baetica a390T, and 98.9 % similarity with the type strains of Pseudomonas jessenii , Pseudomonas moorei , Pseudomonas umsongensis , Pseudomonas mohnii and Pseudomonas koreensis . The analysis of housekeeping genes rpoB, rpoD and gyrB confirmed its phylogenetic affiliation to the genus Pseudomonas and showed similarities lower than 95 % in almost all cases with respect to the above species. Cells possessed two polar flagella. The respiratory quinone was Q9. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The strain was oxidase-, catalase- and urease-positive, positive for arginine dihydrolase but negative for nitrate reduction, β-galactosidase production and aesculin hydrolysis. It was able to grow at 31 °C and at pH 11. The DNA G+C content was 58.1 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization results showed values lower than 49 % relatedness with respect to the type strains of the seven closest related species. Therefore, the combined genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data support the classification of strain OHA11T to a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas , for which the name Pseudomonas helmanticensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OHA11T ( = LMG 28168T = CECT 8548T).
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Bradyrhizobium manausense sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of Vigna unguiculata grown in Brazilian Amazonian rainforest soils
Root nodule bacteria were trapped within cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in soils with different cultivation histories collected from the Amazonian rainforest in northern Brazil. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of six strains (BR 3351T, BR 3307, BR 3310, BR 3315, BR 3323 BR and BR 3361) isolated from cowpea nodules showed that they formed a distinct group within the genus Bradyrhizobium , which was separate from previously identified type strains. Phylogenetic analyses of three housekeeping genes (glnII, recA and rpoB) revealed that Bradyrhizobium huanghuaihaiense CCBAU 23303T was the most closely related type strain (96 % sequence similarity or lower). Chemotaxonomic data, including fatty acid profiles (predominant fatty acids being C16 : 0 and summed feature 8), the slow growth rate and carbon compound utilization patterns supported the assignment of the strains to the genus Bradyrhizobium . The results of DNA–DNA hybridizations, antibiotic resistance and physiological tests differentiated these novel strains from the most closely related species of the genus Bradyrhizobium with validly published names. Symbiosis-related genes for nodulation (nodC) and nitrogen fixation (nifH) grouped the novel strains of the genus Bradyrhizobium together with Bradyrhizobium iriomotense strain EK05T, with 94 % and 96 % sequence similarity, respectively. Based on these data, these six strains represent a novel species for which the name Brabyrhizobium manausense sp. nov. (BR 3351T = HAMBI 3596T), is proposed.
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Loktanella maritima sp. nov. isolated from shallow marine sediments
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile bacterium, KMM 9530T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the Sea of Japan seashore. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis positioned novel strain KMM 9530T in the genus Loktanella as a separate line adjacent to Loktanella sediminilitoris KCTC 32383T, Loktanella tamlensis JCM 14020T and Loktanella maricola JCM 14564T with 98.5–98.2 % sequence similarity. Strain KMM 9530T was characterized by its weak hydrolytic capacity and inability to assimilate most organic substrates. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10, polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unknown phospholipid, an unknown aminolipid and unknown lipids, and the major fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic characterization, it can be concluded that the novel strain KMM 9530T represents a novel species in the genus Loktanella , for which the name Loktanella maritima sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the species is KMM 9530T ( = NRIC 0919T = JCM 19807T).
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Methylobacterium pseudosasicola sp. nov. and Methylobacterium phyllostachyos sp. nov., isolated from bamboo leaf surfaces
More LessTwo strains of Gram-negative, methylotrophic bacteria, isolated because of their abilities to promote plant growth, were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. The isolates were strictly aerobic, motile, pink-pigmented, facultatively methylotrophic, non-spore-forming rods. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolates included the presence of C18 : 1ω7c as the major cellular fatty acid. The DNA G+C contents of strains BL36T and BL47T were 69.4 and 69.8 mol%, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strains BL36T and BL47T placed them under the genus Methylobacterium, with the pairwise sequence similarity between them and the type strains of closely related species ranging from 97.2 to 99.0 %. On the basis of their phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness and the results of DNA–DNA hybridization analysis, the isolates represent two novel species within the genus Methylobacterium , for which the names Methylobacterium pseudosasicola sp. nov. (type strain BL36T = NBRC 105203T = ICMP 17621T) and Methylobacterium phyllostachyos sp. nov. (type strain BL47T = NBRC 105206T = ICMP 17619T) are proposed.
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Acetobacter sicerae sp. nov., isolated from cider and kefir, and identification of species of the genus Acetobacter by dnaK, groEL and rpoB sequence analysis
Five acetic acid bacteria isolates, awK9_3, awK9_4 ( = LMG 27543), awK9_5 ( = LMG 28092), awK9_6 and awK9_9, obtained during a study of micro-organisms present in traditionally produced kefir, were grouped on the basis of their MALDI-TOF MS profile with LMG 1530 and LMG 1531T, two strains currently classified as members of the genus Acetobacter . Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences as well as on concatenated partial sequences of the housekeeping genes dnaK, groEL and rpoB indicated that these isolates were representatives of a single novel species together with LMG 1530 and LMG 1531T in the genus Acetobacter , with Acetobacter aceti , Acetobacter nitrogenifigens , Acetobacter oeni and Acetobacter estunensis as nearest phylogenetic neighbours. Pairwise similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequences between LMG 1531T and the type strains of the above-mentioned species were 99.7 %, 99.1 %, 98.4 % and 98.2 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridizations confirmed that status, while amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) data indicated that LMG 1531T, LMG 1530, LMG 27543 and LMG 28092 represent at least two different strains of the novel species. The major fatty acid of LMG 1531T and LMG 27543 was C18 : 1ω7c. The major ubiquinone present was Q-9 and the DNA G+C contents of LMG 1531T and LMG 27543 were 58.3 and 56.7 mol%, respectively. The strains were able to grow on d-fructose and d-sorbitol as a single carbon source. They were also able to grow on yeast extract with 30 % d-glucose and on standard medium with pH 3.6 or containing 1 % NaCl. They had a weak ability to produce acid from d-arabinose. These features enabled their differentiation from their nearest phylogenetic neighbours. The name Acetobacter sicerae sp. nov. is proposed with LMG 1531T ( = NCIMB 8941T) as the type strain.
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Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp. nov., an agar-degrading bacterium from surface seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, strain 8-8T, was isolated from surface seawater at Muroto, Kochi, Japan. The strain exhibited agar-degrading activity. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain fell within the family Alteromonadaceae and clustered distantly with members of the genus Glaciecola (≤94.0 % similarity). The DNA G+C content was 41.8 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c and the major hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified polar lipid; lysophosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified polar lipids were found as minor components. The major quinone was Q-8. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 8-8T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Agaribacter marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Agaribacter marinus is 8-8T ( = NBRC 110023T = LMG 28167T).
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Proposal of Vespertiliibacter pulmonis gen. nov., sp. nov. and two genomospecies as new members of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from European bats
More LessFive bacterial strains isolated from bats of the family Vespertilionidae were characterized by phenotypic tests and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using the 16S rRNA gene and four housekeeping genes (rpoA, rpoB, infB, recN). Phylogenetic analyses of individual and combined datasets indicated that the five strains represent a monophyletic cluster within the family Pasteurellaceae . Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated a high degree of similarity (98.3–99.9 %) among the group of bat-derived strains, while searches in nucleotide databases indicated less than 96 % sequence similarity to known members of the Pasteurellaceae . The housekeeping genes rpoA, rpoB, infB and recN provided higher resolution compared with the 16S rRNA gene and subdivided the group according to the bat species from which the strains were isolated. Three strains derived from noctule bats shared 98.6–100 % sequence similarity in all four genes investigated, whereas, based on rpoB, infB and recN gene sequences, 91.8–96 % similarity was observed with and between the remaining two strains isolated from a serotine bat and a pipistrelle bat, respectively. Genome relatedness as deduced from recN gene sequences correlated well with the results of MLSA and indicated that the five strains represent a new genus. Based on these results, it is proposed to classify the five strains derived from bats within Vespertiliibacter pulmonis gen. nov., sp. nov. (the type species), Vespertiliibacter genomospecies 1 and Vespertiliibacter genomospecies 2. The genus can be distinguished phenotypically from recognized genera of the Pasteurellaceae by at least three characteristics. All strains are nutritionally fastidious and require a chemically defined supplement with NAD for growth. The DNA G+C content of strain E127/08T is 38.2 mol%. The type strain of Vespertiliibacter pulmonis gen. nov., sp. nov. is E127/08T ( = CCUG 64585T = DSM 27238T). The reference strains of Vespertiliibacter genomospecies 1 and 2 are E145/08 and E157/08, respectively.
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Rhizobium lemnae sp. nov., a bacterial endophyte of Lemna aequinoctialis
More LessBacterial strain L6-16T was isolated from Lemna aequinoctialis. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and motile with monopolar flagella. The phylogenetic analysis of its nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain L6-16T was a member of the genus Rhizobium . Its closest relative was Rhizobium tarimense PL-41T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 98.3 %. Sequence similarity analysis of the housekeeping recA and atpD genes showed low levels of sequence similarity (<93.9 %) between strain L6-16T and other species of the genus Rhizobium . Strain L6-16T was able to grow between pH 5 and 11 (optimum 7.0) and at temperatures ranging from 20 to 41 °C (optimum 30 °C). It tolerated NaCl up to 1 % (w/v) (optimum 0.5 %). C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8; 79.5 %) were found as predominant cellular fatty acids. The DNA G+C content of strain L6-16T was 58.1 mol% (T m). Based on low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness, strain L6-16T was distinct from members of phylogenetically related species including R. tarimense PL-41T (38.3±0.8 %), Rhizobium rosettiformans W3T (6.9±0.4 %) and Rhizobium pseudoryzae J3-A127T (12.3±0.6 %). Strain L6-16T was unable to nodulate the roots of Phaseolus vulgaris, and nodC and nifH genes were not detected. The results obtained from phylogenetic analyses, phenotypic characterization and DNA–DNA hybridization indicated that strain L6-16T represents a novel species of the genus Rhizobium , for which the name Rhizobium lemnae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L6-16T ( = NBRC 109339T = BCC 55143T).
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Liberibacter crescens gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultured member of the genus Liberibacter
The Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial isolate BT-1T is the closest relative to the genus ‘Candidatus Liberibacter ’ cultured to date. BT-1T was recovered from the phloem sap of a defoliating mountain papaya in Puerto Rico. The BT-1T 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain BT-1T is most closely related to members of the genus ‘Ca. Liberibacter ’ sharing 94.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with ‘Ca. Liberibacter americanus ’ and ‘Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus ’. Additionally, average nucleotide identity, 16S rRNA gene sequences and conserved protein sequences supported inclusion of the previously described species of the genus ‘Ca. Liberibacter ’ in a genus with BT-1T. The prominent fatty acids of isolate BT-1T were C18 : 1ω7c (77.2 %), C16 : 0 OH (4.8 %), C18 : 0 (4.4 %) and C16 : 0 (3.5 %). Both physiological and genomic characteristics support the creation of the genus Liberibacter , as well as the novel species Liberibacter crescens gen. nov., sp. nov. with type strain BT-1T ( = ATCC BAA-2481T = DSM 26877T).
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Paludibacterium paludis sp. nov., isolated from a marsh
More LessA bacterial strain, designated KBP-21T, was isolated from a water sample taken from the Banping Lake Wetland Park in Taiwan and characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain KBP-21T were Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, motile rods that formed yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 8.0) and with 0–2 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KBP-21T belonged to the genus Paludibacterium within the family Neisseriaceae of the class Betaproteobacteria and the closest related neighbour was Paludibacterium yongneupense 5YN8-15T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value of 96.4 %. Strain KBP-21T contained summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c as the predominant fatty acids. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 62.1 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one uncharacterized aminophospholipid and several uncharacterized phospholipids. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain KBP-21T represents a novel species in the genus Paludibacterium , for which the name Paludibacterium paludis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KBP-21T ( = BCRC 80514T = LMG 27230T = KCTC 32182T).
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Reyranella graminifolii sp. nov., isolated from bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides) litter
More LessA novel strain designated Wo-34T was isolated from bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides) litter. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, catalase-negative and oxidase-positive rods. The isolate grew aerobically at 15–35 °C (optimum 28 °C), pH 4.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0.1 % NaCl). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain Wo-34T belonged to the genus Reyranella with the sequence similarities of 97.9 % and 97.3 % to the other species of the genus Reyranella , Reyranella massiliensis 521T and Reyranella soli KIS14-15T, respectively. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10. Major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C18 : 1 2-OH and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The polar lipids contained phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown aminolipid, unidentified phospholipids and unknown lipids. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain Wo-34T and R. massiliensis DSM 23428T and R. soli KACC 13034T were 35 % and 29 %, respectively. On the basis of polyphasic analysis from this study, strain Wo-34T represents a novel species of the genus Reyranella for which the name Reyranella graminifolii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Wo-34T ( = KACC 17605T = NBRC 109813T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Saccharicrinis carchari sp. nov., isolated from a shark, and emended descriptions of the genus Saccharicrinis and Saccharicrinis fermentans
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, gliding, yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated SS12T, was isolated from shark gill homogenate and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Optimal growth occurred at 28–30 °C, pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2–4 % (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C content was 40.0 mol%. The strain contained MK-7 as the prevailing menaquinone; iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acids; and phosphatidylethanolamine and an unknown lipid as the predominant polar lipids. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that the novel isolate showed the highest sequence similarity (94.68 %) to Saccharicrinis fermentans DSM 9555T and the sequence similarities among the type strains of all other species studied were less than 92 %. A phylogenetic tree, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, showed that strain SS12T and Saccharicrinis fermentans DSM 9555T formed a distinct cluster within the family Marinilabiliaceae . On the basis of its phylogenetic position and phenotypic traits, strain SS12T represents a novel species of genus Saccharicrinis , for which the name Saccharicrinis carchari sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SS12T ( = CICC 10590T = DSM 27040T). Emended descriptions of the genus Saccharicrinis and Saccharicrinis fermentans are also provided.
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Mucilaginibacter pineti sp. nov., isolated from Pinus pinaster wood from a mixed grove of pines trees
Bacterial strain M47C3BT was isolated from the endophytic microbial community of a Pinus pinaster tree branch from a mixed grove of pines. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this organism represented one distinct branch within the family Sphingobacteriaceae , most closely related to the genus Mucilaginibacter . Strain M47C3BT formed a distinct lineage, closely related to Mucilaginibacter dorajii KACC 14556T, with which it shared 97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The other members of the genus Mucilaginibacter included in the same clade were Mucilaginibacter lappiensis ATCC BAA-1855T sharing 97.0 % similarity and Mucilaginibacter composti TR6-03T that had a lower similarity (95.7 %). The novel strain was Gram-staining-negative, formed rod-shaped cells, grew optimally at 26 °C and at pH 7, and was able to grow with up to 0.3 % (w/v) NaCl. The respiratory quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the major fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, representing 73.5 % of the total fatty acids. The major components of the polar lipid profile of strain M47C3BT consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified aminophospholipids, one unidentified aminolipid and three unidentified polar lipids. The G+C content of the DNA was 40.6 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics we propose the name Mucilaginibacter pineti sp. nov. for the novel species represented by strain M47C3BT ( = CIP 110632T = LMG 28160T).
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Arcticibacter pallidicorallinus sp. nov. isolated from glacier ice
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium (strain Hh36T) was isolated from the No. 1 glacier in Xinjiang, north-west China. Colonies of strain Hh36T were pink, convex and round on PYG medium plates. Strain Hh36T was able to grow at 4–30 °C and pH 6.0–8.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Hh36T was related to members of the genus Arcticibacter . The major cellular fatty acids of the novel strain were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 44.0 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, strain Hh36T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Arcticibacter , for which the name Arcticibacter pallidicorallinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Hh36T ( = CGMCC 1.9313T = KCTC 32542T).
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Spirosoma arcticum sp. nov., isolated from high Arctic glacial till
More LessA novel orange-pigmented strain, designated R2-35T, was isolated from a glacier till near Ny-Alesund, Svalbard Archipelago, Norway. The cells were aerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped and sometimes filamentous. Growth occurred at 4–28 °C (optimum, 20 °C), at pH 7.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0) and with 0–1 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain R2-35T belonged to the genus Spirosoma with sequence similarity to related species ranging from 91.65 to 95.19 %. Strain R2-35T contained C16 : 0 (10.7 %), C18 : 0 (9.2 %), C16 : 1ω5c (16.5 %) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) (24.6 %) as the major cellular fatty acids, MK-7 as the major respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylethanolamine as the main polar lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain R2-35T was 54.9 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, strain R2-35T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Spirosoma , for which the name Spirosoma arcticum sp. nov., is proposed, The type strain is R2-35T ( = CCTCC AB 2012849T = LMG 28141T).
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Mucilaginibacter koreensis sp. nov., isolated from leaf mould
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, pale-pink pigmented bacterial strain, designated TF8T, was isolated from leaf mould in Cheonan, Republic of Korea. Its taxonomic position was determined through a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth occurred on R2A agar without NaCl supplementation, at 25–28 °C and at pH 6.0–7.0. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TF8T belongs to the genus Mucilaginibacter in the family Sphingobacteriaceae . The sequence similarity between 16S rRNA genes of strain TF8T and the type strains of other species of the genus Mucilaginibacter ranged from 92.1 to 94.7 %. The closest relatives of strain TF8T were Mucilaginibacter lutimaris BR-3T (94.7 %), M. soli R9-65T (94.5 %), M. litoreus BR-18T (94.5 %), M. rigui WPCB133T (94.0 %) and M. daejeonensis Jip 10T (93.8 %). The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (33.0 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 24.8 %) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c; 13.0 %). The major polar lipids of TF8T were phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified aminophospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46.2 mol%. On the basis of the data presented here, strain TF8T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter , for which the name Mucilaginibacter koreensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TF8T ( = KACC 17468T = JCM 19323T).
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Pedobacter huanghensis sp. nov. and Pedobacter glacialis sp. nov., isolated from Arctic glacier foreland
More LessTwo psychrotolerant, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strains, designed M1-27T and 8-24T, were subjected to polyphasic taxonomic studies. Strain M1-27T was isolated from the foreland of the Midtre Lovénbreen glacier, whereas strain 8-24T was isolated from the foreland of the Austre Lovénbreen glacier. Both were Arctic glacier forelands, near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard Archipelago, Norway. Strains M1-27T and 8-24T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 91.0–96.0 % and 92.3–96.7 %, respectively, to type strains of recognized species of the genus Pedobacter . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the two strains were grouped with members of the genus Pedobacter, but represented distinct taxa. Both strains contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The DNA G+C contents of strains M1-27T and 8-24T were 43.8 % and 39.4 %, respectively. The phenotypic characteristics, biochemical properties and polygenetic analysis, clearly indicated that strains M1-27T ( = CCTCC AB 2012936T = LMG 28205T) and 8-24T ( = CCTCC AB 2012941T = NRRL B-59993T) represent two novel species of the genus Pedobacter , for which the names Pedobacter huanghensis sp. nov. and Pedobacter glacialis sp. nov., respectively, are proposed.
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- Eukaryotic Micro-organisms
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Survey on diversity of marine/saline anaerobic Heterolobosea (Excavata: Discoba) with description of seven new species
More LessDiversity of the anaerobic Heterolobosea (Excavata: Discoba) is only poorly understood, especially in marine environments. We have isolated and cultured 16 strains of anaerobic heteroloboseid amoebae and flagellates from brackish, marine and saline anoxic habitats worldwide. Phylogenetic analyses of SSU rDNA sequences and light-microscopic observations showed that all the strains belong to the family Psalteriomonadidae, the main anaerobic lineage of Heterolobosea, and that they represent eight species from the genera Monopylocystis, Harpagon and Pseudoharpagon. Seven species are newly isolated and described here as Monopylocystis minor n. sp., Monopylocystis robusta n. sp., Monopylocystis elegans n. sp., Monopylocystis disparata n. sp., Harpagon salinus n. sp., Pseudoharpagon longus n. sp. and Pseudoharpagon tertius n. sp. Amoebae, cysts and the ultrastructure of the genus Pseudoharpagon are presented for the first time.
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Hanseniaspora nectarophila sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from ephemeral flowers
More LessSeven apiculate yeast strains that were isolated from the flowers of Syphocampylus corymbiferus Pohl in Brazil are genetically, morphologically and phenotypically distinct from recognized species of the genera Hanseniaspora and Kloeckera. Genetic discontinuities between the novel strains and their closest relatives were found using a networking approach based on the concatenated sequences of the rRNA gene (internal transcribed spacer and D1/D2 of the LSU), and the protein-coding genes for actin and translation elongation factor-1α. Phylogenetic analysis based on the rRNA and the actin gene placed the novel species represented by the strains in close relationship to Hanseniaspora meyeri and Hanseniaspora clermontiae. PCR fingerprinting with microsatellite primers confirmed the genetic heterogeneity of the novel species. The name Hanseniaspora nectarophila sp. nov. is proposed, with UFMG POG a.1T ( = ZIM 2311T = CBS 13383T) as the type strain; MycoBank no. MB807210. As the current description of the genus does not allow the presence of multilateral budding, an emended diagnosis of the genus Hanseniaspora Zikes is proposed.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 64 (2014)
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Volume 63 (2013)
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Volume 62 (2012)
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Volume 61 (2011)
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Volume 60 (2010)
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Volume 59 (2009)
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Volume 58 (2008)
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Volume 57 (2007)
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Volume 56 (2006)
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Volume 55 (2005)
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Volume 54 (2004)
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Volume 53 (2003)
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Volume 52 (2002)
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Volume 51 (2001)
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Volume 50 (2000)
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Volume 49 (1999)
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Volume 48 (1998)
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Volume 47 (1997)
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Volume 46 (1996)
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Volume 45 (1995)
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Volume 44 (1994)
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Volume 43 (1993)
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Volume 42 (1992)
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Volume 41 (1991)
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Volume 40 (1990)
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Volume 39 (1989)
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Volume 38 (1988)
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Volume 37 (1987)
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Volume 36 (1986)
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Volume 35 (1985)
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Volume 34 (1984)
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Volume 33 (1983)
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Volume 32 (1982)
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Volume 31 (1981)
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Volume 30 (1980)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 28 (1978)
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Volume 27 (1977)
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Volume 26 (1976)
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Volume 25 (1975)
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Volume 24 (1974)
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Volume 23 (1973)
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Volume 22 (1972)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 20 (1970)
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Volume 19 (1969)
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Volume 18 (1968)
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Volume 17 (1967)
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Volume 16 (1966)
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Volume 15 (1965)
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Volume 14 (1964)
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Volume 13 (1963)
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Volume 12 (1962)
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Volume 11 (1961)
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Volume 10 (1960)
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Volume 9 (1959)
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Volume 8 (1958)
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Volume 7 (1957)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 5 (1955)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 3 (1953)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)