- Volume 63, Issue Pt_6, 2013
Volume 63, Issue Pt_6, 2013
- Notification List
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Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 63, part 3, of the IJSEM
This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.
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- New Taxa
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- Archaea
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Palaeococcus pacificus sp. nov., an archaeon from deep-sea hydrothermal sediment
More LessA hyperthermophilic, anaerobic, piezophilic archaeon (strain DY20341T) was isolated from a sediment sample collected from an East Pacific Ocean hydrothermal field (1° 37′ S 102° 45′ W) at a depth of 2737 m. The cells were irregular cocci, 0.8–1.5 µm in diameter. Growth was observed between 50 and 90 °C (optimum 80 °C), pH 5.0 and 8.0 (optimum pH 7.0), 1 % and 7 % (w/v) sea salts (Sigma, optimum 3 %), 1 % and 4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 3 %) and 0.1 and 80 MPa (optimum 30 MPa). The minimum doubling time was 66 min at 30 MPa and 80 °C. The isolate was an obligate chemoorganoheterotroph, capable of utilizing complex organic compounds and organic acids including yeast extract, peptone, tryptone, casein, starch, Casamino acids, citrate, lactate, acetate, fumarate, propanoate and pyruvate for growth. It was strictly anaerobic and facultatively dependent on elemental sulfur or sulfate as electron acceptors, but did not reduce sulfite, thiosulfate, Fe(III) or nitrate. The presence of elemental sulfur enhanced growth. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 43.6±1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the closest relative of the isolated organism was Palaeococcus ferrophilus DMJT (95.7 % 16S rRNA gene similarity). On the basis of its physiological properties and phylogenetic analyses, the isolate is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Palaeococcus pacificus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain DY20341T ( = JCM 17873T = DSM 24777T).
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Halopelagius fulvigenes sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a lake
Two extremely halophilic archaea, designated YIM 94188T and YIM 94189, were isolated from Qijiaojing lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China and subjected to taxonomic characterization using a polyphasic approach. The cells of the two strains were coccoid, non-motile and Gram-stain-negative. Colonies were pink–white-pigmented and aerobic. Growth occurred at 10–30 % (w/v) NaCl, 20–55 °C and pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum: 20–25 % NaCl, 37–42 °C, pH 6.5–7.0). Magnesium was necessary for growth in the range of 0.2–1.2 M. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains belonged to the genus Halopelagius showing 98.5 % sequence similarity to the closest phylogenetic neighbour, Halopelagius inordinatus RO5-2T. In addition, the DNA–DNA hybridization values of strains YIM 94188T and YIM 94189 to Halopelagius inordinatus RO5-2T were 35.7 % and 37.7 %, respectively. Polar lipid analyses revealed that the two strains contained phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester (PGP-Me), sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether (S-DGD-1) and mannosyl glucosyl diether (DGD-1). The DNA G+C contents of strains YIM 94188T and YIM 94189 were 66.3 mol% and 64.6 mol%, respectively. On the basis of physiological and chemotaxonomic data, and phylogenetic analysis, strains YIM 94188T and YIM 94189 were classified as representing a novel species in the genus Halopelagius . The name Halopelagius fulvigenes sp. nov. is proposed, with YIM 94188T ( = CCTCC AB 2010456T = JCM 17506T) as the type strain.
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- Actinobacteria
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Tamlicoccus marinus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA novel actinobacterial strain was isolated from a seawater sample collected on Mara Island, Jeju, Republic of Korea. Cells of this organism were aerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile cocci that occurred singly or in pairs. Colonies were circular, smooth, convex and white–cream in colour. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the organism belonged to the family Dermacoccaceae and formed a monophyletic clade between the type strains of Demetria terragena (96.8 % similarity) and Branchiibius hedensis (95.2 % similarity). The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained l-lysine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and serine, indicating that the isolate possessed peptidoglycan type A4α. The whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, arabinose, ribose and rhamnose. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unknown phospholipid and five unknown lipids. The cellular fatty acid profile was represented by large amounts of iso-methyl branched and monounsaturated iso- and anteiso-methyl branched acids, along with the presence of a diagnostic 10-methyl acid. The G+C content of the DNA was 71 mol%. On the basis of data from polyphasic analyses presented here, strain MSW-24T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Dermacoccaceae , for which the name Tamlicoccus marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Tamlicoccus marinus is MSW-24T ( = KCTC 19485T = DSM 21415T).
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Arcanobacterium phocisimile sp. nov., isolated from harbour seals
A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on two previously unidentified Arcanobacterium -like Gram-positive strains isolated from harbour seals. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that both bacteria belonged to the genus Arcanobacterium and were most closely related to Arcanobacterium haemolyticum CIP 103370T (98.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), A. canis P6775T (97.4 %), A. phocae DSM 10002T (97.4 %), A. pluranimalium M430/94/2T (95.7 %) and A. hippocoleae CCUG 44697T (95.5 %). The presence of the major menaquinone MK-9(H4) supported the affiliation of the isolates with the genus Arcanobacterium . The polar lipid profile consisted of major amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside, an unidentified phospholipid and two unidentified glycolipids. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c and summed feature 5 (comprising C18 : 2ω6,9c and/or anteiso-C18 : 0). Physiological and biochemical tests clearly distinguished the isolates from other members of the genus Arcanobacterium . Based on the common origin and various physiological properties comparable to those of A. phocae , it is proposed that the isolates are classified as members of a novel species with the name Arcanobacterium phocisimile sp. nov. The type strain is 2698T ( = LMG 27073T = CCM 8430T).
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Pontimonas salivibrio gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Microbacteriaceae isolated from a seawater reservoir of a solar saltern
More LessA Gram-staining-positive, non-motile, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, vibrio-shaped bacterial strain, CL-TW6T, was isolated from a reservoir seawater sample from a solar saltern in Korea. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CL-TW6T revealed a clear affiliation with the family Microbacteriaceae . Strain CL-TW6T showed the closest phylogenetic relationships with the genera Yonghaparkia and Microcella , with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.8–95.3 %. The strain grew in the presence of 1–9 % sea salts, at 15–35 °C and at pH 7.0–9.0. The major cellular fatty acids of strain CL-TW6T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (32.6 %), iso-C16 : 0 (20.4 %), iso-C15 : 0 (13.2 %) and iso-C14 : 0 (11.8 %) and the major menaquinones were MK-9 and MK-10. Cell-wall analysis showed that the peptidoglycan of strain CL-TW6T contained 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, alanine, glycine and glutamic acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CL-TW6T was 60.0 mol%. The combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data showed clearly that strain CL-TW6T could be distinguished from members of the family Microbacteriaceae with validly published names. Thus, strain CL-TW6T should be classified as representing a novel genus and species in the family Microbacteriaceae , for which the name Pontimonas salivibrio gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Pontimonas salivibrio is CL-TW6T ( = KCCM 90105T = JCM 18206T).
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Xiangella phaseoli gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Micromonosporaceae
A novel endophytic actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-J5T was isolated from roots of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that NEAU-J5T is phylogenetically related to members of the family Micromonosporaceae . The whole-cell sugars were galactose, mannose and glucose. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C17 : 1ω7c, iso-C15 : 0 and C17 : 0. The phospholipids were phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. The DNA G+C content was 72.2 mol%. On the basis of the morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and characteristic patterns of 16S rRNA gene signature nucleotides, strain NEAU-J5T represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Micromonosporaceae , for which the name Xiangella phaseoli gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Xiangella phaseoli is strain NEAU-J5T ( = CGMCC 4.7038T = DSM 45730T).
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Emendation of the description of the species Corynebacterium propinquum to include strains which produce urease
More LessCorynebacterium propinquum is a Gram-positive rod occasionally recovered from clinical infections which, according to 16S rRNA gene sequencing, is most closely related (>99 % sequence similarity) to Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum . The two species are very similar biochemically, commonly differentiated by a single test, the detection of urease, where strains of C. propinquum are described as being urease-non-producing and strains of C. pseudodiphtheriticum are described as urease-producing. In this study, historical and contemporary strains of C. propinquum and C. pseudodiphtheriticum from this laboratory were definitively characterized, which included use of rpoB sequencing. Urease-producing strains of C. propinquum as well as typical urease-non-producing isolates were identified after rpoB sequencing, with six of these being originally identified as C. pseudodiphtheriticum . Based on these observations, we propose emendation of the description of C. propinquum to include strains which produce urease. MALDI-TOF analysis may be a useful tool to differentiate these taxa. Existing commercial databases should be updated to include urease-positive strains of C. propinquum .
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Acrocarpospora phusangensis sp. nov., isolated from a temperate peat swamp forest soil
More LessA novel actinomycete, strain PS33-18T, that formed club-shaped and spherical structures borne on the tip of the aerial mycelia was isolated from a temperate peat swamp forest soil in Phu-Sang National Park, Phayao Province, Thailand. The isolate contained glutamic acid, alanine and meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The whole-cell sugars of strain PS33-18T were glucose, madurose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose. The characteristic phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and ninhydrin-positive phosphoglycolipids. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The major cellular fatty acids were C17 : 1ω8c, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain PS33-18T was 71.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PS33-18T should be classified in the genus Acrocarpospora . The level of similarity between this strain and the closely related species Acrocarpospora macrocephala NBRC 16266T was 98.3 %, Acrocarpospora pleiomorpha NBRC 16267T was 97.9 %, Acrocarpospora corrugata NBRC 13972T was 97.6 %, Herbidospora sakaeratensis NBRC 102641T was 97.6 % and Planotetraspora kaengkrachanensis NBRC 104272T was 97.3 %. DNA–DNA hybridization results and physiological and biochemical properties indicated that strain PS33-18T could be distinguished readily from its closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, this strain represents a novel species, for which the name Acrocarpospora phusangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PS33-18T ( = BCC 46906T = NBRC 108782T).
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Modestobacter roseus sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the coastal halophyte Salicornia europaea Linn., and emended description of the genus Modestobacter
A novel actinomycete, designated strain KLBMP 1279T, was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of a coastal halophyte, Salicornia europaea Linn., collected from Jiangsu Province, in the east of China. The taxonomic status of this organism was established using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain KLBMP 1279T was closely related to Modestobacter marinus 42H12-1T (99.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Modestobacter versicolor CP153-2T (98.4 %) and Modestobacter multiseptatus AA-826T (97.5 %). Chemotaxonomic characteristics were consistent with its assignment to the genus Modestobacter in that the isolate had meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell wall, MK-9(H4) as major menaquinone and a polar lipid profile containing diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, two unknown aminophospholipids and an unknown phospholipid. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c. The DNA G+C content was 71.7 mol%. However, DNA–DNA hybridization assays as well as physiological and biochemical analyses differentiated strain KLBMP 1279T from its closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, the isolate KLBMP 1279T represents a novel species of the genus Modestobacter , for which the name Modestobacter roseus sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is KLBMP 1279T ( = KCTC 19887T = NBRC 108673T = DSM 45764T). An emended description of the genus Modestobacter is also proposed.
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Geodermatophilus telluris sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from Saharan desert sand
A novel Gram-positive, multiloculated thalli-forming, aerobic, actinobacterial strain, CF9/1/1T, was isolated in 2007 during environmental screening for xerophilic fungi in arid desert soil from the Sahara desert, Chad. The isolate grew best at a temperature range of 20–35 °C and at pH 6.0–8.5 and with 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl, forming black-coloured and irregular colonies on GYM agar. Chemotaxonomic and molecular characteristics of the isolate matched those described for members of the genus Geodermatophilus . The DNA G+C content of the novel strain was 75.4 mol%. The peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as a diagnostic diamino acid. The main phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, a not yet structurally identified aminophospholipid and a small amount of phosphatidylglycerol; MK-9(H4) was identified as the dominant menaquinone and galactose was a diagnostic sugar. The major cellular fatty acids were branched-chain saturated acids: iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate showed 94.6–97.0 % sequence similarities with those of five members of the genus: Geodermatophilus ruber DSM 45317T (94.6 %), Geodermatophilus obscurus DSM 43160T (94.8 %), Geodermatophilus siccatus DSM 45419T (96.2 %), Geodermatophilus nigrescens DSM 45408T (96.7 %) and Geodermatophilus arenarius DSM 45418T (97.0 %). Based on the evidence from this polyphasic taxonomic study, a novel species, Geodermatophilus telluris sp. nov., is proposed; the type strain is CF9/1/1T ( = DSM 45421T = CCUG 62764T).
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Mycobacterium parakoreense sp. nov., a slowly growing non-chromogenic species related to Mycobacterium koreense , isolated from a human clinical specimen
A previously undescribed, slowly growing, non-chromogenic Mycobacterium strain (299T) was isolated from the sputum sample of a patient with a symptomatic pulmonary infection. Phenotypically, strain 299T was generally similar to Mycobacterium koreense DSM 45576T and Mycobacterium triviale ATCC 23292T. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 299T was similar to that of M. koreense DSM 45576T (GenBank accession no. AY734996, 99.5 % similarity); however, it differed substantially from that of M. triviale ATCC 23292T (X88924, 98.2 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 299T clustered together with M. koreense DSM 45576T and M. triviale ATCC 23292T, supported by high bootstrapping values (99 %). Unique mycolic acid profiles and phylogenetic analysis based on two different chronometer molecules, the hsp65 and rpoB genes, strongly supported the taxonomic status of this strain as representing a distinct species. These data support the conclusion that strain 299T represents a novel mycobacterial species, for which the name Mycobacterium parakoreense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 299T ( = DSM 45575T = KCTC 19818T).
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- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
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Oscillibacter ruminantium sp. nov., isolated from the rumen of Korean native cattle
More LessA strictly anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated GH1T, was isolated from the rumen of Korean native cattle (HanWoo). Cells were straight to slightly curved rods (2.0–4.5 µm long) and were motile by peritrichous flagella. The isolate grew at 30–45 °C (optimum 40 °C), at pH 5.5–6.5 (optimum pH 6.0) and with up to 3.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain GH1T produced acid from d-glucose, d-ribose and d-xylose, with butyric acid being the major end product. The genomic DNA G+C content was 54.6 mol%. Based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain GH1T was most closely related to Oscillibacter valericigenes Sjm18-20T (97.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization between strain GH1T and O. valericigenes DSM 18026T showed 24 % reassociation. The major fatty acids were iso-C13 : 0 (13.0 %), iso-C15 : 0 (17.6 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (8.4 %) and C14 : 0 (4.1 %), and the cellular fatty acid methyl esters as dimethylacetals (DMAs) were C16 : 0 DMA (17.8 %), iso-C15 : 0 DMA (15.2 %) and C14 : 0 DMA (4.52 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain GH1T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major cell-wall sugar was galactose. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, phylogenetic analysis, DNA G+C content, DNA–DNA relatedness and distinct phenotypic characteristics, strain GH1T is classified in the genus Oscillibacter as a member of a novel species, for which the name Oscillibacter ruminantium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GH1T ( = KCTC 15176T = NBRC 108824T = JCM 18333T).
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Fonticella tunisiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a hot spring
More LessA strictly anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, halotolerant rod, designated BELH25T, was isolated from a water sample of a Tunisian hot spring. Cells were non-motile, 2–6 µm long and 0.4–0.6 µm wide, appearing singly or in pairs. The isolate grew at 45–70 °C (optimum 55 °C), at pH 6.2–8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and with 0–4 % NaCl (optimum 0–2.0 %). Sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite, nitrate and nitrite were not used as terminal electron acceptors. Strain BELH25T used cellobiose, fructose, galactose, glucose, maltose, mannose, sucrose, starch and yeast extract as electron donors. The main fermentation products from glucose metabolism were formate, acetate, ethanol and CO2. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 37.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain BELH25T was most closely related to Caloramator viterbiensis JW/MS-VS5T and Fervidicella metallireducens AeBT (92.2 and 92.1 % sequence similarity, respectively), and the isolate was positioned approximately equidistantly between these genera. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain BELH25T is proposed to be a member of a novel species of a novel genus within the order Clostridiales , family Clostridiaceae , for which the name Fonticella tunisiensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is BELH25T ( = DSM 24455T = JCM 17559T).
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Polycladomyces abyssicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic filamentous bacterium isolated from hemipelagic sediment
A novel filamentous bacterium, designated strain JIR-001T, was isolated from hemipelagic sediment in deep seawater. This strain was non-motile, Gram-positive, aerobic, heterotrophic and thermophilic; colonies were of infinite form and ivory coloured with wrinkles between the centre and the edge of the colony on ISP2 medium. The isolate grew aerobically at 55–73 °C with the formation of aerial mycelia; spores were produced singly along the aerial mycelium. These morphological features show some similarities to those of the type strains of some species belonging to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that strain JIR-001T belongs to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae within the class Bacilli . Similarity levels between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JIR-001T and those of the type strains of Thermoactinomycetaceae species were 85.5–93.5 %; highest sequence similarity was with Melghirimyces algeriensis NariEXT. In the DNA–DNA hybridization assays between strain JIR-001T and its phylogenetic neighbours the mean hybridization levels with Melghirimyces algeriensis NariEXT, Planifilum fimeticola H0165T, Planifilum fulgidum 500275T and Planifilum yunnanense LA5T were 5.3–7.5, 2.3–4.7, 2.1–4.8 and 2.5–4.9 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain JIR-001T was 55.1 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, glucolipid, phosphatidylserine, an amino-group containing phospholipid, an unknown phospholipid and two unknown lipids. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7 and the cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strain JIR-001T is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae , for which the name Polycladomyces abyssicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Polycladomyces abyssicola is JIR-001T ( = JCM 18147T = CECT 8074T).
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Caldicoprobacter guelmensis sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic, xylanolytic bacterium isolated from a hot spring
A hyperthermophilic anaerobic bacterium, designated D2C22T, was isolated from the hydrothermal hot spring of Guelma in north-east Algeria. The isolate was a Gram-stain-positive, non-sporulating, non-motile rod, appearing singly or in pairs (0.3–0.4×8.0–9.0 µm). Strain D2C22T grew anaerobically at 45–85 °C (optimum 65 °C), at pH 5–9 (optimum pH 6.8) and with 0–20 g NaCl l−1. Strain D2C22T used glucose, galactose, lactose, fructose, ribose, xylose, arabinose, maltose, cellobiose, mannose, melibiose, sucrose, xylan and pyruvate (only in the presence of yeast extract or biotrypticase) as electron donors. The end products from glucose fermentation were acetate, lactate, CO2 and H2. Nitrate, nitrite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfate and sulfite were not used as electron acceptors. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 41.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain D2C22T was most closely related to Caldicoprobacter oshimai JW/HY-331T, Caldicoprobacter algeriensis TH7C1T and Acetomicrobium faecale DSM 20678T (95.5, 95.5 and 95.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain D2C22T is proposed to be a representative of a novel species of the genus Caldicoprobacter within the order Clostridiales , for which the name Caldicoprobacter guelmensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D2C22T ( = DSM 24605T = JCM 17646T).
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Domibacillus robiginosus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a pharmaceutical clean room
More LessA novel red-pigmented bacterial strain, designated WS 4628T, was isolated from a pharmaceutical clean room of a vaccine-producing company and was investigated in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. The strain was Gram-stain-positive, strictly aerobic, motile, catalase-positive and produced spherical to slightly ellipsoidal endospores in rods. The genomic DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 and the predominant quinone was MK-6. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid and an unidentified phospholipid. meso-diaminopimelic acid (type A1γ) was present in the cell-wall peptidoglycan and the major whole-cell sugars were glucose and ribose. The closest phylogenetic neighbours were identified as Bacillus badius ATCC 14574T (95.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Bacillus indicus Sd/3T (94.8 %), Jeotgalibacillus alimentarius YKJ-13T (94.8 %) and Bacillus cibi JG-30T (94.8 %). Phylogenetic, physiological, biochemical and morphological differences between strain WS 4628T and its closest relatives in the families Bacillaceae and Planococcaceae suggest that this strain represents a novel species in a new genus in the family Bacillaceae for which the name Domibacillus robiginosus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of the type species is WS 4628T ( = DSM 25058T = LMG 26645T).
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Halanaerobium sehlinense sp. nov., an extremely halophilic, fermentative, strictly anaerobic bacterium from sediments of the hypersaline lake Sehline Sebkha
A strictly anaerobic, extremely halophilic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the hypersaline (>20 % NaCl) surface sediments of Sehline Sebkha in Tunisia. The strain, designated 1SehelT, was strictly halophilic and proliferated at NaCl concentrations of between 5 % and 30 % (saturation), with optimal growth at 20 % NaCl. Strain 1SehelT was non-spore-forming, non-motile, appearing singly or in pairs, or occasionally as long chains and measured 0.5–0.8 µm by 3–10 µm. Strain 1SehelT grew optimally at pH values of 7.4 but had a very broad pH range for growth (pH 5.2–9.4). It grew at temperatures between 20 and 50 °C with an optimum at 43 °C. Strain 1SehelT required yeast extract for growth. The isolate fermented glucose, galactose, fructose, glycerol, mannose, maltose, ribose, pyruvate and sucrose. The fermentation products from glucose utilization were lactate, acetate, formate, ethanol, CO2 and H2. The G+C ratio of the DNA was 32.7 mol%. The major fatty acids were C15 : 1ω6c/7c, C16 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and C15 : 0. On the basis of phylogenetic and physiological properties, strain 1SehelT ( = DSM 25582T = JCM 18213T) is proposed as the type strain of Halanaerobium sehlinense sp. nov., within the family Halanaerobiaceae .
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Desulfotomaculum peckii sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic member of the genus Desulfotomaculum , isolated from an upflow anaerobic filter treating abattoir wastewaters
A novel anaerobic thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium designated strain LINDBHT1T was isolated from an anaerobic digester treating abattoir wastewaters in Tunisia. Strain LINDBHT1T grew at temperatures between 50 and 65 °C (optimum 55–60 °C), and at pH between 5.9 and 9.2 (optimum pH 6.0–6.8). Strain LINDBHT1T required salt for growth (1–40 g NaCl l−1), with an optimum of 20–30 g l−1. In the presence of sulfate as terminal electron acceptor, strain LINDBHT1T used H2/CO2, propanol, butanol and ethanol as carbon and energy sources but fumarate, formate, lactate and pyruvate were not utilized. Butanol was converted to butyrate, while propanol and ethanol were oxidized to propionate and acetate, respectively. Sulfate, sulfite and thiosulfate were utilized as terminal electron acceptors but elemental sulfur, iron (III), fumarate, nitrate and nitrite were not used. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 44.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the small-subunit rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain LINDBHT1T was affiliated to the genus Desulfotomaculum with the type strains of Desulfotomaculum halophilum and Desulfotomaculum alkaliphilum as its closest phylogenetic relatives (about 89 % similarity). This strain represents a novel species of the genus Desulfotomaculum , Desulfotomaculum peckii sp. nov.; the type strain is LINDBHT1T ( = DSM 23769T = JCM 17209T).
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Desulfotomaculum defluvii sp. nov., a sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from the subsurface environment of a landfill
A novel sulfate-reducing, strictly anaerobic and endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain A5LFS102T, was isolated from a subsurface landfill sample. The strain was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth was observed at 37 °C and pH 7.5 with sulfate as an electron acceptor. Sulfite and thiosulfate were utilized as electron acceptors. The respiratory isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone MK-7. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis assigned strain A5LFS102T to the genus Desulfotomaculum . Both 16S rRNA and dissimilatory sulfate reductase (dsr) genes were compared with those of representative members of the genus Desulfotomaculum . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain A5LFS102T was closely related to Desulfotomaculum aeronauticum DSM 10349T (94.6 % sequence similarity). The G+C content of the DNA was 45.4 mol%. The total cellular fatty acid profile was dominated by C16 fatty acids. These phenotypic and genotypic data showed that strain A5LFS102T should be recognized as representative of a novel species of the genus Desulfotomaculum , for which the name Desulfotomaculum defluvii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A5LFS102T ( = DSM 23699T = JCM 14036T = MTCC 7767T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Belnapia soli sp. nov., a proteobacterium isolated from grass soil
More LessA Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, cocci-shaped, red-pigmented bacterium, designated strain PB-K8T, was isolated from grass soil sampled in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that the isolate was clearly affiliated with the class Alphaproteobacteria , and was most closely related to Belnapia moabensis DSM 16746T and Belnapia rosea DSM 23312T, showing a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of each species of 98.4 and 97.2 %, respectively. The cells of strain PB-K8T formed red colonies on R2A agar, contained Q-9 as the predominant ubiquinone and included summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c), C18 : 1 2-OH and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c as the major fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain PB-K8T was 72.1 mol%. Thus, the combined genotypic and phenotypic data supported the conclusion that strain PB-K8T represents a novel species of the genus Belnapia , for which the name Belnapia soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PB-K8T ( = KCTC 23765T = JCM 18033T).
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Dissulfuribacter thermophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, autotrophic, sulfur-disproportionating, deeply branching deltaproteobacterium from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent
A thermophilic, anaerobic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium (strain S69T) was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney located on the Eastern Lau Spreading Center and Valu Fa Ridge, Pacific Ocean, at a depth of 1910 m using anoxic medium with elemental sulfur as the only energy source. Cells of strain S69T were Gram-negative short rods, 0.4–0.6 µm in diameter and 1.0–2.5 µm in length, motile with a single polar flagellum. The temperature range for growth was 28–70 °C, with an optimum at 61 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.6–7.9, with optimum growth at pH 6.8. Growth of strain S69T was observed at NaCl concentrations ranging from 0.9 to 5.0 %, with an optimum at 1.8–2.7 (w/v). Strain S69T grew anaerobically with elemental sulfur as an energy source and bicarbonate/CO2 as a carbon source. Elemental sulfur was disproportionated to sulfide and sulfate. Growth was enhanced in the presence of poorly crystalline Fe(III) oxide (ferrihydrite) as a sulfide-scavenging agent. Strain S69T was also able to grow by disproportionation of thiosulfate and sulfite. Sulfate was not used as an electron acceptor either with H2 or with organic electron donors. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the isolate formed a distinct phylogenetic branch within the Deltaproteobacteria . On the basis of its physiological properties and results of phylogenetic analyses, strain S69T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Dissulfuribacter thermophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Dissulfuribacter thermophilus is S69T ( = DSM 25762T = VKM B-2760T).
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Brevundimonas abyssalis sp. nov., a dimorphic prosthecate bacterium isolated from deep-subsea floor sediment
A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, psychrotolerant, alkali-tolerant, heterotrophic and dimorphic prosthecate bacterium, designated strain TAR-001T, was isolated from deep-sea floor sediment in Japan. Cells of this strain had a dimorphic life cycle and developed an adhesive stalk at a site not coincident with the centre of the cell pole, and the other type of cell, a swarm cell, had a polar flagellum. Colonies were glossy, viscous and yellowish-white in colour. The temperature, pH and salt concentration range for growth were 2–41 °C, pH 6.5–10.0 and 1–4 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that strain TAR-001T belongs to the family Caulobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria , and lies between the genus Brevundimonas and the genus Caulobacter . Levels of similarity between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain TAR-001T and those of the type strains of Brevundimonas species were 93.3–95.7 %; highest sequence similarity was with the type strain of Brevundimonas diminuta . Levels of sequence similarity between those of the type strains of Caulobacter species were 94.9–96.0 %; highest sequence similarity was with the type strain of Caulobacter mirabilis . The G+C content of strain TAR-001T was 67.6 mol%. Q-10 was the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0, and the presence of 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-[d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-α-d-glucopyranuronosyl]glycerol suggests strain TAR-001T is more closely to the genus Brevundimonas than to the genus Caulobacter . The mean DNA–DNA hybridization levels between strain TAR-001T and the type strains of two species of the genus Brevundimonas were higher than that of the genus Caulobacter . On the basis of polyphasic biological features and the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison presented here, strain TAR-001T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Brevundimonas , for which the name Brevundimonas abyssalis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is TAR-001T ( = JCM 18150T = CECT 8073T).
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Mesorhizobium qingshengii sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of Astragalus sinicus
In a study on the diversity of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Astragalus sinicus, five strains showed identical 16S rRNA gene sequences. They were related most closely to the type strains of Mesorhizobium loti , Mesorhizobium shangrilense , Mesorhizobium ciceri and Mesorhizobium australicum , with sequence similarities of 99.6–99.8 %. A polyphasic approach, including 16S–23S intergenic spacer (IGS) RFLP, comparative sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII and recA genes, DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic tests, clustered the five isolates into a coherent group distinct from all recognized Mesorhizobium species. Except for strain CCBAU 33446, from which no symbiotic gene was detected, the four remaining strains shared identical nifH and nodC gene sequences and nodulated with Astragalus sinicus. In addition, these five strains showed similar but different fingerprints in IGS-RFLP and BOX-repeat-based PCR, indicating that they were not clones of the same strain. They were also distinguished from recognized Mesorhizobium species by several phenotypic features and fatty acid profiles. Based upon all the results, we suggest that the five strains represent a novel species for which the name Mesorhizobium qingshengii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCBAU 33460T ( = CGMCC 1.12097T = LMG 26793T = HAMBI 3277T). The DNA G+C content of the type strain is 59.52 mol% (T m).
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Cultivation and characterization of the gut symbionts of honey bees and bumble bees: description of Snodgrassella alvi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Neisseriaceae of the Betaproteobacteria , and Gilliamella apicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of Orbaceae fam. nov., Orbales ord. nov., a sister taxon to the order ‘ Enterobacteriales ’ of the Gammaproteobacteria
More LessGut-associated bacteria were isolated in axenic culture from the honey bee Apis mellifera and the bumble bees Bombus bimaculatus and B. vagans and are here placed in the novel genera and species Snodgrassella alvi gen. nov., sp. nov. and Gilliamella apicola gen. nov., sp. nov. Two strains from A. mellifera were characterized and are proposed as the type strains of Snodgrassella alvi (type strain wkB2T = NCIMB 14803T = ATCC BAA-2449T = NRRL B-59751T) and Gilliamella apicola (type strain wkB1T = NCIMB 14804T = ATCC BAA-2448T), representing, respectively, phylotypes referred to as ‘Betaproteobacteria’ and ‘Gammaproteobacteria-1’/‘Gamma-1’ in earlier publications. These strains grew optimally under microaerophilic conditions, and did not grow readily under a normal atmosphere. The predominant fatty acids in both strains were palmitic acid (C16 : 0) and cis-vaccenic acid (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), and both strains had ubiquinone-8 as their major respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C contents were 41.3 and 33.6 mol% for wkB2T and wkB1T, respectively. The Snodgrassella alvi strains from honey bees and bumble bees formed a novel clade within the family Neisseriaceae of the Betaproteobacteria , showing about 94 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to their closest relatives, species of Stenoxybacter , Alysiella and Kingella . The Gilliamella apicola strains showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to Orbus hercynius CN3T (93.9 %) and several sequences from uncultured insect-associated bacteria. Phylogenetic reconstruction using conserved, single-copy amino acid sequences showed Gilliamella apicola as sister to the order ‘Enterobacteriales’ of the Gammaproteobacteria . Given its large sequence divergence from and basal position to the well-established order ‘Enterobacteriales’, we propose to place the clade encompassing Gilliamella apicola and O. hercynius in a new family and order, Orbaceae fam. nov. and Orbales ord. nov.
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Litorisediminicola beolgyonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a coastal sediment
More LessA Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, aerobic, non-flagellated and rod- or oval-shaped bacterial strain, BB-MW24T, was isolated from a coastal sediment in South Korea. Strain BB-MW24T grew optimally at 30–37 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BB-MW24T clustered with Ponticoccus litoralis CL-GR66T and Roseivivax lentus S5-5T, with which it exhibited 96.0 and 96.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. Strain BB-MW24T exhibited 85.2 % gyrB sequence similarity with Sagittula stellata DSM 11524T and 83.3 and 83.2 % gyrB sequence similarity with P. litoralis DSM 18986T and R. lentus S5-5T, respectively. Strain BB-MW24T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the predominant fatty acid. The polar lipid profile in strain BB-MW24T was similar to those of members of the genera Ponticoccus and Roseivivax , but one unidentified phospholipid was found as a major polar lipid only in strain BB-MW24T. The DNA G+C content was 68.9 mol%. The phylogenetic data and differential chemotaxonomic and phenotypic properties revealed that strain BB-MW24T represents a novel species in a new genus within the class Alphaproteobacteria , for which the name Litorisediminicola beolgyonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of Litorisediminicola beolgyonensis is BB-MW24T ( = KCTC 32139T = CCUG 62953T).
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Extensimonas vulgaris gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Comamonadaceae
A novel strain, named S4T, was obtained from industrial wastewater in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang Province, China. Cells were Gram-negative, neutrophilic and non-spore-forming and moved by means of a polar flagellum. Normal cells were 0.8–0.9×1.3–1.9 µm and the cells elongated to 10–25 µm when cultivated at high temperatures. Strain S4T grew at 15–50 °C (optimum at 48 °C), pH 5.5–8.5 (optimum 7.0–7.5) and 0–2 % (optimum 0.5 %) (w/v) NaCl. Ubiquinone-8 was the predominant respiratory quinone. C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and C17 : 0 cyclo were the major cellular fatty acids. The major 3-OH fatty acid was C10 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unknown aminoglycolipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 68.8 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences alignment, the most closely related strains were members of the genera Comamonas (94.6–95.6 % similarities), Giesbergeria (94.9–95.6 %), Acidovorax (94.8–95.4 %), Brachymonas (94.1–95.2 %) and Macromonas (95.1 %). Phylogenetic analysis showed the closest relatives of strain S4T were members of the genus Macromonas . Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, we suggest that strain S4T represents a novel species of a new genus of the family Comamonadaceae , for which the name Extensimonas vulgaris gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Extensimonas vulgaris is S4T ( = CGMCC 1.10977T = JCM 17803T).
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Sinobacterium caligoides gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Oceanospirillaceae isolated from the South China Sea, and emended description of Amphritea japonica
A taxonomic study was carried out on strain SCSWE24T, isolated from a seawater sample collected from the South China Sea. Cells of strain SCSWE24T were Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, moderately halophilic and capable of reducing nitrate to nitrite. Growth was observed at salinities from 1.5 to 4.5 % and at 4–37 °C; it was unable to degrade gelatin. The dominant fatty acids (>15 %) were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 50.4 %) and C16 : 0 (21.1 %). The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 58.8 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain SCSWE24T was most closely related to an uncultured bacterium clone Tun3b.F5 (98 %; GenBank accession no. FJ169216), and showed 92 % similarity to an endosymbiont bacterium from the bone-eating worm Osedax mucofloris (clone Omu 9 c4791; FN773233). Levels of similarity between strain SCSWE24T and type strains of recognized species in the family Oceanospirillaceae were less than 93 %; the highest similarity was 92 %, to both Amphritea japonica JAMM 1866T and ‘Oceanicoccus sagamiensis’ PZ-5. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SCSWE24T formed a distinct evolutionary lineage within the family Oceanospirillaceae . Strain SCSWE24T was distinguishable from members of phylogenetically related genera by differences in several phenotypic properties. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain SCSWE24T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Sinobacterium caligoides gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sinobacterium caligoides is SCSWE24T ( = CCTCC AB 209289T = LMG 25705T = MCCC 1F01088T). An emended description of Amphritea japonica is also provided.
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Sagittula marina sp. nov., isolated from seawater and emended description of the genus Sagittula
More LessA novel bacterium, designated strain F028-2T, was isolated from seawater at Damupo beach in Pohang, Korea, and investigated in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. This novel strain was strictly aerobic, non-motile, Gram-stain-negative and rod-shaped, and occasionally formed aggregates. The temperature, pH and NaCl ranges for growth were 4–30 °C, pH 6.5–9.0 and 1–7 % (w/v), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain F028-2T formed a lineage within the family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria , and was closely related to members of the genera Sagittula and Antarctobacter with 96.3–96.4 % sequence similarities. The polar lipid profile of strain F028-2T comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified aminolipids, one unidentified phospholipid and six unidentified lipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c and C12 : 1 3-OH. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain F028-2T was 61.6 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was Q-10. Based on phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain F028-2T is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Sagittula , for which the name Sagittula marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is F028-2T ( = KCTC 23543T = JCM 17627T). An emended description of the genus Sagittula is also proposed.
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Burkholderia grimmiae sp. nov., isolated from a xerophilous moss (Grimmia montana)
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain R27T, was isolated from the moss Grimmia montana, collected from Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve, China, and characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The predominant fatty acids of strain R27T were C18 : 1ω7c (33.6 %), C16 : 0 (16.3 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 15.8 %) and C17 : 0 cyclo (8.7 %) and its major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, three uncharacterized aminolipids and an unknown phospholipid. Strain R27T contained Q-8 as the dominant isoprenoid quinone and the G+C content of its genomic DNA was 64.6 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, strain R27T showed 99.1 % similarity to the closest related type strain, Burkholderia zhejiangensis OP-1T, and 97.6 % similarity to Burkholderia glathei ATCC 29195T. However, the DNA–DNA relatedness between strain R27T and B. zhejiangensis CCTCC AB 2010354T and B. glathei ATCC 29195T was 10.2 and 14.9 %, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequence similarities and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain R27T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Burkholderia , for which the name Burkholderia grimmiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R27T ( = CGMCC 1.11013T = DSM 25160T).
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Parvularcula dongshanensis sp. nov., isolated from soft coral
More LessA taxonomic study was carried out on strain SH25T, which was isolated from soft coral collected from Dongshan Island, China. The isolate was a heterotrophic organism to the soft coral, and was a Gram-reaction-negative, short rod that was motile by a polar flagellum. Growth was observed at salinities from 0 to 12 % and at temperatures from 10 to 41 °C. It was unable to reduce nitrate to nitrite. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SH25T belonged to the genus Parvularcula , with highest sequence similarity to Parvularcula lutaonensis CC-MMS-1T (96.1 %) and Parvularcula bermudensis HTCC2503T (94.3 %); 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to other taxa were below 90.0 %. The dominant fatty acids were C16 : 0 and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/ω6c,). The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 61.8 mol%. The major quinone was Q10. These combined genotypic and phenotypic data show that strain SH25T represents a novel species of the genus Parvularcula , for which the name Parvularcula dongshanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SH25T ( = CCTCC AB 2010355T = LMG 26158T = MCCC 1A06534T).
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Massilia lurida sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessA bacterial isolate, designated strain D5T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, and subjected to a taxonomic investigation using a polyphasic approach. Strain D5T was aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and motile. Strain D5T fell within the evolutionary radius of the genus Massilia in the phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and was most closely related to Massilia plicata 76T with 97.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The predominant quinone of strain D5T was Q-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) and C16 : 0. These chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain D5T to the genus Massilia . The genomic DNA G+C content was 65.9 mol%. Mean DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain D5T and the phylogenetically most closely related species of the genus Massilia , Massilia plicata KCTC 12344T and Massilia dura KCTC 12342T, were 26 and 21 %, respectively. Strain D5T could be differentiated from recognized species of the genus Massilia by several phenotypic characteristics. It is clear from the data presented that strain D5T represents a novel species of the genus Massilia , for which the name Massilia lurida sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is D5T ( = CGMCC 1.10822T = KCTC 23880T).
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Falsirhodobacter halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from dry soils of a solar saltern
More LessTwo bacterial strains (JA744T and JA745) were isolated from dry soil samples collected from solar salterns at Humma, Odisha, India. Both strains were Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, motile rods. Major fatty acids in both strains included C18 : 1ω7c, C18 : 0 and C16 : 0, while minor amounts of C10 : 0 3-OH, C12 : 0, C12 : 0 3-OH, C14 : 0 and C16 : 0 were also present. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid, five unidentified lipids, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified phospholipid made up the polar lipids of both strains. Both strains had bacteriohopane derivatives (BHD1,2) and diploptene as major hopanoids. Mean genomic DNA G+C content was 75±1 mol% and the two strains were closely related (mean DNA–DNA hybridization >90 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the two strains clustered with species of the genus Rhodobacter belonging to the family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria . The highest sequence similarity was observed with Rhodobacter sphaeroides ATH2.4.1T (96 %) and other members of the genera Rhodobacter and Pseudorhodobacter (<96 %). However, the two strains were positioned distinctly outside the group formed by the other genera of the family Rhodobacteraceae . Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from previously described taxa support the classification of these isolates as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Falsirhodobacter halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Falsirhodobacter halotolerans is JA744T ( = KCTC 32158T = NBRC 108897T).
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Novosphingobium lindaniclasticum sp. nov., a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-degrading bacterium isolated from an HCH dumpsite
More LessA yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped-bacterium, LE124T, was isolated from a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) dumpsite located in Lucknow, India. The type strain LE124T grew well with hexachlorocyclohexane as a sole carbon source, degrading it within 24 h of incubation. Phylogenetic analysis of strain LE124T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Novosphingobium barchaimii LL02T (98.5 %), Novosphingobium panipatense SM16T (98.1 %), Novosphingobium soli CC-TPE-1T (97.9 %), Novosphingobium naphthalenivorans TUT562T (97.6 %), Novosphingobium mathurense SM117T (97.5 %) and Novosphingobium resinovorum NCIMB 8767T (97.5 %) and lower sequence similarity (<97 %) to all other members of the genus Novosphingobium . The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain LE124T and N. barchaimii LL02T and other related type strains was found to vary from 15 % to 45 % confirming that it represents a novel species. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain LE124T was 60.7 mol%. The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c, 49.1 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, 19.9 %), C16 : 0 (6.7 %), C17 : 1ω6c (4.9 %) and a few hydroxyl fatty acids, C14 : 0 2-OH (9.4 %) and C16 : 0 2-OH (2.1 %). Polar lipids consisted mainly of phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid and some unidentified lipids. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10. Spermidine was the major polyamine observed. Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analysis support the conclusion that strain LE124T represents a novel species within the genus Novosphingobium for which we propose the name Novosphingbium lindaniclasticum sp. nov. The type strain is LE124T ( = CCM 7976T = DSM 25409T).
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Comamonas jiangduensis sp. nov., a biosurfactant-producing bacterium isolated from agricultural soil
More LessA novel biosurfactant-producing strain, designated YW1T, was isolated from agricultural soil. Its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The cells were short rods, Gram-negative, non-sporulating and motile. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain YW1T was a member of the genus Comamonas , and showed highest sequence similarities to Comamonas aquatica LMG 2370T (98.5 %), Comamonas kerstersii LMG 3475T (97.7 %) and Comamonas terrigena LMG 1253T (97.7 %). Furthermore, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments against these three strains gave results that were clearly lower than 70 % DNA–DNA similarity, and consequently confirmed that this new strain does not belong to a previously described species of the genus Comamonas . The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were C16 : 0 (30.1 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 25.4 %), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c; 15.3 %), C17 : 0 cyclo (7.4 %) and C14 : 0 (5.8 %). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, unknown phospholipids and unknown lipids. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, whole-cell fatty acid composition as well as biochemical characteristics, strain YW1T was clearly distinguishable from all species of the genus Comamonas with validly published names and should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Comamonas , for which the name Comamonas jiangduensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YW1T ( = CCTCC AB 2012033T = KACC 16697T).
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Salinisphaera japonica sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from the surface of a deep-sea fish, Malacocottus gibber, and emended description of the genus Salinisphaera
A moderately halophilic, slightly acidophilic, aerobic bacterium, designated strain YTM-1T, was isolated from the body surface of Malacocottus gibber. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, short rods or cocci, approximately 0.9–1.1 µm long and 1.0–1.8 µm wide. Strain YTM-1T was able to grow with 1–30 % NaCl (optimum, 7.5–10 %, w/v), at 4–30 °C (optimum, 20–25 °C) and at pH 3.8–9.5 (optimum, pH 5.0–5.5). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain YTM-1T belonged to the genus Salinisphaera with low similarity values to the type strains of recognized species of this genus (<94.8–94.4 %). The polar lipids of strain YTM-1T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, three unknown phospholipids and one unknown lipid. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The major fatty acids were C19 : 0ω8c cyclo, C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 1ω5c and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content of strain YTM-1T was 67.3 mol%. These phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data indicated that strain YTM-1T represents a novel species of the genus Salinisphaera , for which the name Salinisphaera japonica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YTM-1T ( = JCM 18087T = CECT 8012T). An emended description of the genus Salinisphaera is also proposed.
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Sphingopyxis indica sp. nov., isolated from a high dose point hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated dumpsite
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and light-yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated DS15T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a hexachlorocyclohexane dumpsite in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Strain DS15T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Sphingopyxis panaciterrulae DCY34T (98.7 %) and Sphingopyxis soli BL03T (98.0 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain DS15T and species of genus Sphingopyxis with validly published names ranged from 92.5 % to 98.7 %. The DNA G+C content of strain DS15T was 67.5 mol%. The chemotaxonomic markers in strain DS15T were consistent with its classification in the genus Sphingopyxis , i.e. Q-10 as the major ubiquinone and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω9c), C17 : 1ω6c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c), C14 : 0 2-OH, C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c as the predominant fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain DS15T were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and sphingoglycolipids (SGL) and spermidine was detected as the major polyamine. Phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, and chemotaxonomic and phenotypic analysis support the conclusion that strain DS15T represents a novel species within the genus Sphingopyxis , for which the name Sphingopyxis indica is proposed. The type strain is DS15T ( = MTCC 9455T = CCM 7542T = MCC 2023T).
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Description of Acidovorax wautersii sp. nov. to accommodate clinical isolates and an environmental isolate, most closely related to Acidovorax avenae
More LessThree Gram-negative strains, NF 1078T, NF 1598 and NF 1715, were isolated from clinical (two) and environmental (one) samples, respectively. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA genes revealed similarity of 100 % among the three strains and next highest similarity to the type strain of Acidovorax avenae (98.16 %). The three strains were able to acidify lactose and rhamnose on low peptone phenol red agar and to alkalinize citrate on Simmons’ agar and were negative for nitrate reduction. The DNA G+C content of strain NF 1078T was 67.1 mol%. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between this strain and the type strains of A. avenae (ATCC 19860T, LMG 2117T) was 29 %. Based on these phylogenetic, phenotypic and genotypic analyses, the three strains could be distinguished clearly from all other recognized Acidovorax species and should be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Acidovorax , for which the name Acidovorax wautersii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NF 1078T ( = LMG 26971T = CCUG 62584T).
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Cauliform bacteria lacking phospholipids from an abyssal hydrothermal vent: proposal of Glycocaulis abyssi gen. nov., sp. nov., belonging to the family Hyphomonadaceae
More LessCauliform bacteria are prosthecate bacteria often specialized for oligotrophic environments. A polyphasic approach, comprising 16S rRNA gene sequencing, lipid analysis and salt tolerance characterizations, was used to clarify the taxonomy of one isolate, strain MCS 33T, obtained from above the hot water plume of a deep-sea hydrothermal vent near Vancouver island, Canada. Cells contained no detectable phospholipids or sulpholipids, but did contain 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-α-d-glucopyranosylglycerol, 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-O-α-d-glucopyranuronosylglycerol and the novel lipid 1,2-di-O-acyl-3-[O-α-d-glucopyranuronosyl]glycerol-6′-N-glycine. It is assumed that the various glucoronosyl lipids are replacing, at least partially, the phospholipids in their various tasks in the cell cycle. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain MCS 33T was 62.8 mol%, and Q10 was the predominant respiratory ubiquinone. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this chemoheterotrophic, aerobic, moderately halophilic strain showed only a low similarity of 94.4 % to that of Oceanicaulis alexandrii C116-18T, and both strains also differed based on their lipids. Although the novel strain was isolated from seawater sampled near a hydrothermal vent, its optimum temperature for growth was 30 °C. The main cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C18 : 0 and the unknown fatty acid ECL 11.798, and the main hydroxy fatty acid was C12 : 0 3-OH. The strain is proposed to represent a novel species of a new genus, Glycocaulis abyssi gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of the type species is MCS 33T ( = LMG 27140T = CCUG 62981T).
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Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens sp. nov. and Methylophaga frappieri sp. nov., isolated from the biofilm of the methanol-fed denitrification system treating the seawater at the Montreal Biodome
More LessTwo bacterial strains, designated JAM1T and JAM7T, were isolated from a methanol-fed denitrification system treating seawater at the Montreal Biodome, Canada. They were affiliated within the genus Methylophaga of the Gammaproteobacteria by analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Strain JAM1T had the capacity to grow under denitrifying conditions by reducing nitrate into nitrite which is unique among the species of the genus Methylophaga . Major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c or ω6c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c or ω6c. The major ubiquinone was Q8. Both strains required vitamin B12 and Na+ ions for growth. The genomes of strains JAM1T and JAM7T have been completely sequenced and showed a DNA G+C content of 44.7 mol% and 47.8 mol%, respectively. Growth occurred at pH 6–11 and at 0.5–8 % NaCl. Both genomes contained predicted ORFs encoding the key enzymes of the ribulose monophosphate pathway. Also, operons encoding two nitrate reductases (Nar), two nitric oxide reductases (Nor), one nitrous oxide reductase (Nos) and one truncated nitrite reductase (NirK) were clustered in a 67 kb chromosomal region in strain JAM1T. No such operons were found in strain JAM7T. These results supported the affiliation of the two strains as novel species within the genus Methylophaga . The names Methylophaga nitratireducenticrescens sp. nov. for type strain JAM1T ( = DSM 25689T = ATCC BAA-2433T) and Methylophaga frappieri sp. nov. for type strain JAM7T ( = DSM 25690T = ATCC BAA-2434T) are proposed.
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Thalassolituus marinus sp. nov., a hydrocarbon-utilizing marine bacterium
More LessGram-negative strains, motile by a single polar flagellum, non-pigmented and with a curved rod-shaped morphology, designated IMCC1826T and IMCC1883, were isolated from a surface seawater sample from the Yellow Sea. The two strains shared 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and showed 92 % DNA–DNA relatedness, suggesting that they belonged to the same genomic species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the two isolates were related most closely to the type strain of Thalassolituus oleivorans with a sequence similarity of 96.4 % and formed a robust phyletic lineage with T. oleivorans . DNA–DNA relatedness between the two strains and T. oleivorans DSM 14913T was 8.7–11.6 %. A putative alkane hydroxylase (alkB) gene was detected in strain IMCC1826T by PCR, but the amino acid sequence of the gene was distantly related to that of the AlkB homologue of T. oleivorans DSM 14913T. As expected from the presence of the alkB gene, the new strains utilized n-tetradecane and n-hexadecane as a carbon source. The DNA G+C content was 54.6–56.0 mol% and the main isoprenoid quinone detected was Q-9. Polar lipids of strain IMCC1826T included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and amino-group-containing lipids. On the basis of taxonomic data obtained in this study, strains IMCC1826T and IMCC1883 represent a novel species of the genus Thalassolituus , for which the name Thalassolituus marinus sp. nov. is proposed, with IMCC1826T ( = KCTC 23084T = NBRC 107590T) as the type strain.
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Marinicauda pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov., a prosthecate alphaproteobacterium of the family Hyphomonadaceae isolated from deep seawater
A marine prosthecate bacterium, designated strain P-1 km-3T, was isolated from deep seawater from the Pacific. Cells of strain P-1 km-3T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, dimorphic rods with a single polar prostheca or flagellum. The strain hydrolysed gelatin and grew at 6–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and with 0.5–12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2 %). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain P-1 km-3T belonged to the family Hyphomonadaceae in the class Alphaproteobacteria and represented a separate lineage, located between the genera Oceanicaulis and Woodsholea . Sequence similarities of strain P-1 km-3T with type strains of species of the genera Oceanicaulis and Woodsholea were 93.2–93.9 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids in strain P-1 km-3T were C18 : 1ω7c, C18 : 0, 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 0 and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The major respiratory quinone of strain P-1 km-3T was Q-10. The polar lipids of strain P-1 km-3T comprised glucuronopyranosyldiglyceride (GUDG), monoglycosyldiglyceride (MGDG), sulfo-quinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), an unidentified phospholipid (PL) and an unidentified lipid (L). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain P-1 km-3T was 66.0 mol%. On the basis of the polyphasic data presented in this study, strain P-1 km-3T is proposed to represent a novel species in a new genus, Marinicauda pacifica gen. nov., sp. nov., within the family Hyphomonadaceae . The type strain of the type species is P-1 km-3T ( = KACC 16526T = CGMCC 1.11031T).
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Paramoritella sediminis sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment, and emended descriptions of the genus Paramoritella Hosoya et al. 2009 and Paramoritella alkaliphila
More LessA Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped (2.04–1.27×0.95–1.25 µm) and motile marine bacterium, designated MEBiC06500T was isolated from sediment collected at Daebu Island in the Yellow Sea (37° 20′ N 126° 41′ E), Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain MEBiC06500T showed high similarity with Paramoritella alkaliphila A3F-7T (96.5 %). Growth was observed at 10.5–30.2 °C (optimum 23.5 °C), at pH 6.0–9.5 (optimum 8.0) and with 0–5 % (optimum 1.5 %) NaCl. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c). The DNA G+C content was 56.0 mol%. The respiratory quinone is Q-8. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified lipids, one unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified aminolipids were detected as major polar lipids. On the basis of this polyphasic taxonomic data, strain MEBiC06500T should be classified as a representative of a novel species in the genus Paramoritella , and the proposed name is Paramoritella sediminis sp. nov. The type strain is MEBiC06500T ( = KCCM 42977T = JCM 18292T). Emended descriptions of the genus Paramoritella Hosoya et al. 2009 and Paramoritella alkaliphila are also given.
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Aeromonas australiensis sp. nov., isolated from irrigation water
A Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacillus, designated strain 266T, was isolated from an irrigation water system in the south-west of Western Australia. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence confirmed that strain 266T belonged to the genus Aeromonas , with the nearest species being Aeromonas fluvialis (99.6 % similarity to the type strain, with 6 nucleotide differences) followed by Aeromonas veronii and Aeromonas allosaccharophila (both 99.5 %). Analysis of gyrB and rpoD sequences suggested that strain 266T formed a phylogenetic line independent of other species in the genus. This was confirmed using the concatenated sequences of six housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoD, recA, dnaJ, gyrA and dnaX) that also indicated that A. veronii and A. allosaccharophila were the nearest relatives. DNA–DNA reassociation experiments and phenotypic analysis further supported the conclusion that strain 266T represents a novel species, for which the name Aeromonas australiensis sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain 266T ( = CECT 8023T = LMG 2670T).
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Hoeflea suaedae sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from the root of the halophyte Suaeda maritima
More LessA Gram-negative, aerobic, short rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain YC6898T, was isolated from the surface-sterilized root of a halophyte (Suaeda maritima) inhabiting tidal flat of Namhae Island, Korea. Strain YC6898T grew optimally at 30–37 °C and pH 6.5–7.5. The strain inhibited mycelial growth of Pythium ultimum and Phytophthora capsici. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YC6898T belongs to the genus Hoeflea in the family Phyllobacteriaceae . Its closest relatives were Hoeflea alexandrii AM1V30T (96.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Hoeflea anabaenae WH2KT (95.7 %), Hoeflea phototrophica DFL-43T (95.5 %) and Hoeflea marina LMG 128T (94.8 %). Strain YC6898T contained Q-10 as the major ubiquinone. The major fatty acids of strain YC6898T were C18 : 1ω7c (61.1 %), C16 : 0 (11.9 %), 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c (9.6 %) and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c (8.0 %). The polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, unknown lipids and an unknown glycolipid. The total genomic DNA G+C content was 53.7 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, strain YC6898T represents a novel species of the genus Hoeflea , for which the name Hoeflea suaedae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6898T ( = KACC 14911T = NBRC 107700T).
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Methylomonas paludis sp. nov., the first acid-tolerant member of the genus Methylomonas , from an acidic wetland
An aerobic methanotrophic bacterium was isolated from an acidic (pH 3.9) Sphagnum peat bog in north-eastern Russia and designated strain MG30T. Cells of this strain were Gram-negative, pale pink-pigmented, non-motile, thick rods that were covered by large polysaccharide capsules and contained an intracytoplasmic membrane system typical of type I methanotrophs. They possessed a particulate methane monooxygenase enzyme (pMMO) and utilized only methane and methanol. Carbon was assimilated via the ribulose-monophosphate pathway; nitrogen was fixed via an oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase. Strain MG30T was able to grow at a pH range of 3.8–7.3 (optimum pH 5.8–6.4) and at temperatures between 8 and 30 °C (optimum 20–25 °C). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1ω5t, C16 : 1ω8c, C16 : 1ω7c and C14 : 0; the DNA G+C content was 48.5 mol%. The isolate belongs to the family Methylococcaceae of the class Gammaproteobacteria and displayed 94.7–96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to members of the genus Methylomonas . However, strain MG30T differed from all taxonomically characterized members of this genus by the absence of motility, the ability to grow in acidic conditions and low DNA G+C content. Therefore, we propose to classify this strain as representing a novel, acid-tolerant species of the genus Methylomonas , Methylomonas paludis sp. nov. Strain MG30T ( = DSM 24973T = VKM B-2745T) is the type strain.
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Undibacterium terreum sp. nov., isolated from permafrost soil
More LessThe bacterial strain C3T was isolated from permafrost soil in Beijicun, Mohe County, Heilongjiang province, China. Cells of strain C3T were Gram-stain-negative rods, 0.3–0.4 µm in diameter and 1.0–2.6 µm in length. Strain C3T was strictly aerobic. Growth occurred at 15–37 °C but not at 4 or 42 °C, at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum pH 6.0–7.0) and in the presence of 0–8 g NaCl l−1 (optimum 0–1 g l−1). The analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain C3T was phylogenetically related to members of the genus Undibacterium , with similarities ranging from 94.7 to 96.5 %. Strain C3T contained ubiquinone 8 as the major respiratory quinone. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c), C17 : 0 cyclo, straight-chain C16 : 0, C12 : 0 and C10 : 0, unsaturated C18 : 1ω7c and hydroxylated fatty acids C10 : 0 3-OH and C12 : 0 2-OH. The polar lipids were mainly phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The polyamines were putrescine and 2-hydroxyputrescine. The DNA G+C content was 57.4 mol% (determined from Tm ). Based on these results, it is concluded that strain C3T represents a novel species of the genus Undibacterium , for which the name Undibacterium terreum sp. nov. is proposed, with C3T ( = CGMCC 1.10998T = NBRC 108789T) representing the type strain.
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Lonsdalea quercina subsp. populi subsp. nov., isolated from bark canker of poplar trees
More LessSeven Gram-negative bacterial strains were isolated from oozing bark canker of poplar (Populus×euramericana) trees in Hungary. They showed high (>98.3 %) 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Lonsdalea quercina ; however, they differed from this species in several phenotypic characteristics. Multilocus sequence analysis based on three housekeeping genes (gyrB, atpD and infB) revealed, and DNA–DNA hybridization analysis confirmed, that this group of bacterial strains forms a distinct lineage within the species Lonsdalea quercina . A detailed study of phenotypic and physiological characteristics confirmed the separation of isolates from poplars from other subspecies of L. quercina ; therefore, a novel subspecies, Lonsdalea quercina subsp. populi, type strain NY060T ( = DSM 25466T = NCAIM B 02483T), is proposed.
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Roseomonas aerophila sp. nov., isolated from air
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic bacterium, designated strain 7515T-07T, was isolated from an air sample in the Taean region, Republic of Korea. The strain grew at 4–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 7515T-07T was related to members of the genus Roseomonas and had highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Roseomonas ludipueritiae 170/96T (96.7 %). 16S RNA gene sequence similarity between strain 7515T-07T and Roseomonas gilardii ATCC 49956T (the type species of the genus Roseomonas ) was 93.4 %. Strain 7515T-07T contained Q-10 as the ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c as the dominant fatty acids (>10 %). The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and two unidentified aminolipids. The DNA G+C content was 73.0 mol%. Combined data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic studies demonstrated that strain 7515T-07T is a representative of a novel species of the genus Roseomonas , for which the name Roseomonas aerophila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 7515T-07T ( = KACC 16529T = NBRC 108923T).
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Vogesella alkaliphila sp. nov., isolated from an alkaline soil, and emended description of the genus Vogesella
More LessStrain JC141T was isolated from an alkaline soil (pH 8.8) at Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India. Colonies were blue with a metallic sheen; cells stained Gram-negative, and were oxidase- and catalase-positive, but chitinase-negative. Major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 0 with minor amounts of C10 : 0, C10 : 0 3-OH, C12 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. Strain JC141T contained phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol as major polar lipids, with minor amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, unidentified aminolipids (AL1–3) and unidentified lipids (L1–4). A bacterial hopane derivative (BHD1) was the major hopanoid. Genomic DNA G+C content was 62.5 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain JC141T represents a member of the genus Vogesella within the family Neisseriaceae of the class Betaproteobacteria . Strain JC141T had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98 % with Vogesella indigofera ATCC 19706T and <96.5 % with other members of the genus Vogesella . However, strain JC141T showed 45.8 % relatedness (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) with V. indigofera LMG 6867T ( = ATCC 19706T). Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from previously described taxa support the classification of strain JC141T as a representative of a novel species in the genus Vogesella , for which the name Vogesella alkaliphila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC141T ( = KCTC 32041T = LMG 27066T). An emended description of the genus Vogesella is also proposed.
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Glaciimonas singularis sp. nov., isolated from a uranium mine wastewater treatment plant
More LessA bacterial strain, A2-57T, recovered from a water sample collected in a uranium mine was taxonomically studied in detail. This strain was a Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that grew optimally at 25 °C and at pH 6.0–7.0 and had a DNA G+C content of 55.0 mol%. Ubiquinone 8 (UQ-8) was the predominant respiratory quinone and the major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or ω7c and/or C15 : 0 iso 2-OH) and C18 : 1ω7c. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain A2-57T belonged to the family Oxalobacteraceae and formed a distinct branch with Glaciimonas immobilis Cr9-30T. Strain A2-57T shared approximately 97.3 % 16S rRNA sequence similarity with G. immobilis Cr9-30T and also showed high sequence similarity with members of the genera Herbaspirillum (96.3–97.0 %) and Collimonas (96.2–97.0 %). Although phylogenetically closely related to the type strain of G. immobilis , the low level of DNA–DNA hybridization between the two strains (21.6 %) and several physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the novel strain could be clearly distinguished from G. immobilis LMG 25547T. Therefore, it is concluded that strain A2-57T represents a novel species of the genus Glaciimonas , for which the name Glaciimonas singularis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A2-57T ( = CIP 110539T = LMG 27070T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Sungkyunkwania multivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seawater from a seaweed farm
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated PDB-16T, was isolated from seawater from a seaweed farm on the South Sea in Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain PDB-16T grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PDB-16T formed an independent lineage within the evolutionary radiation encompassed by the family Flavobacteriaceae . Strain PDB-16T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain PDB-16T were phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain PDB-16T was 42.1 mol%. Strain PDB-16T exhibited very low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of less than 89.7 % to the type strains of any bacterial species with validly published names and less than 90.1 % to uncultured bacteria clones. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values and the differences in phenotypic properties between strain PDB-16T and some phylogenetically related genera were sufficient to support the proposal that strain PDB-16T should be distinguished from previously known genera of the family Flavobacteriaceae . On the basis of the data presented, strain PDB-16T is considered to represent a new genus and novel species, for which the name Sungkyunkwania multivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Sungkyunkwania multivorans is PDB-16T ( = KCTC 32138T = CCUG 62952T).
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Flavobacterium noncentrifugens sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from glacier meltwater
More LessA non-motile, Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated R-HLS-17T, was isolated from the meltwater of Hailuogou Glacier located in Sichuan province, south-west China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate belonged to the genus Flavobacterium , with the closest relatives being Flavobacterium antarcticum JCM 12383T (95.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), F. omnivorum JCM 11313T (95.0 %) and F. fryxellicola LMG 22022T (95.2 %). Growth occurred at 0–29 °C (optimum, 10–20 °C) and pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, 7.0–8.0). The DNA G+C content was 46.5 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. The predominant menaquinone was MK-6. Based on the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, we propose that strain R-HLS-17T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , Flavobacterium noncentrifugens sp. nov. The type strain is R-HLS-17T ( = CGMCC 1.10076T = NBRC 108844T).
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Algibacter aquimarinus sp. nov., isolated from a marine environment, and reclassification of Pontirhabdus pectinivorans as Algibacter pectinivorans comb. nov.
More LessAn orange-coloured, rod-shaped, Gram-reaction-negative and aerobic bacterial strain, designated KYW589T, was isolated from seawater collected from Gwangyang Bay, Republic of Korea. The isolate required sea salts for growth. Gliding motility was observed. Flexirubin-type pigments were absent. Major cellular fatty acids (>10 % of the total) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 1 G, C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and C18 : 0. The main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content was 38.6±0.7 mol% (mean±sd of three determinations). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain KYW589T belongs to the family Flavobacteriaceae , and was related to the genus Algibacter . Based on data from a study using a polyphasic taxonomic approach, it is proposed that strain KYW589T represents a novel species belonging to the genus Algibacter , for which the name Algibacter aquimarinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KYW589T ( = KCTC 23928T = JCM 18287T). Reclassification of Pontirhabdus pectinivorans Yi et al. 2011 to the genus Algibacter , as Algibacter pectinivorans comb. nov. (type strain JC2675T = KACC 14153T = JCM 17107T), is also proposed.
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Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment
A Gram-negative, short-rod-shaped, orange-pigmented bacterium, strain LYYY01T, was isolated from a mangrove sediment sample collected from Yunxiao mangrove National Nature Reserve, Fujian Province, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain LYYY01T is a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae , forming a distinct lineage with species of the genera Meridianimaribacter , Sediminibacter , Gelidibacter and Subsaximicrobium . The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain LYYY01T and the type strains of related species ranged from 93.9 to 90.9 %. Growth was observed at temperatures from 10 to 38 °C, at salinities from 1 to 7 % and at pH from 6 to 10. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 38.6 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 (27.6 %), iso-C15 : 0 (24.0 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (12.0 %) and iso-C16 : 0 3-OH (6.2 %). According to its morphology, physiology, fatty acid composition and 16S rRNA gene sequence data, strain LYYY01T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Mangrovimonas yunxiaonensis is LYYY01T ( = CGMCC 1.12280T = LMG 27142T).
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Flavobacterium anatoliense sp. nov., isolated from fresh water, and emended description of Flavobacterium ceti
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strain isolated from fresh water in Trabzon, Turkey and designated MK3T was characterized by phenotypic and molecular methods in order to determine its phylogenetic position. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain MK3T was shown to belong to the genus Flavobacterium , being most closely related to Flavobacterium ceti CECT 7184T (93.6 %). Sequence similarity with other species of the genus Flavobacterium with validly published names was less than 91.6 %. Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain MK3T to the genus Flavobacterium . The only menaquinone was MK-6; the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (45.2 %), summed feature 9 (C16 : 0 10-methyl and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c; 20.4 %) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 13.3 %) and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophospholipid and two unidentified phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 38.6 mol%. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed strain MK3T to be distinguished phenotypically from Flavobacterium ceti CECT 7184T. Strain MK3T, therefore, represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium anatoliense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MK3T ( = LMG 26441T = NCCB 100384T). An emended description of Flavobacterium ceti is also proposed.
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Mariniradius saccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Cyclobacteriaceae isolated from marine aquaculture pond water, and emended descriptions of the genus Aquiflexum and Aquiflexum balticum
More LessA novel marine, Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase- positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain AK6T, was isolated from marine aquaculture pond water collected in Andhra Pradesh, India. The fatty acids were dominated by iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1ω9c, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and anteiso-C15 : 0. Strain AK6T contained MK-7 as the sole respiratory quinone and phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminophospholipid, one unidentified phospholipid and seven unidentified lipids as polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain AK6T was 45.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain AK6T formed a distinct branch within the family Cyclobacteriaceae and clustered with Aquiflexum balticum DSM 16537T and other members of the family Cyclobacteriaceae . 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that Aquiflexum balticum DSM 16537T was the nearest neighbour, with pairwise sequence similarity of 90.1 %, while sequence similarity with the other members of the family was <88.5 %. Based on differentiating phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference, strain AK6T is proposed as a representative of a new genus and species of the family Cyclobacteriaceae , as Mariniradius saccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Mariniradius saccharolyticus is AK6T ( = MTCC 11279T = JCM 17389T). Emended descriptions of the genus Aquiflexum and Aquiflexum balticum are also proposed.
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Rubrivirga marina gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Rhodothermaceae isolated from deep seawater
More LessTwo aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, pale-red-pigmented and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated SAORIC-26 and SAORIC-28T, were isolated from seawater (3000 m depth) from the Pacific Ocean. Phylogenetic analysis based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolates could be affiliated with the family Rhodothermaceae of the class Cytophagia . Strains SAORIC-26 and SAORIC-28T shared 99.7 % pairwise sequence similarity with each other and showed less than 92.6 % similarity with other cultivated members of the class Cytophagia . The strains were found to be non-motile, oxidase-positive, catalase-negative and able to hydrolyse gelatin and aesculin. The DNA G+C contents were determined to be 64.8–65.8 mol% and MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone. Summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and iso-C15 : 0 were found to be the major cellular fatty acids. On the basis of this taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach, it was concluded that strains SAORIC-26 and SAORIC-28T represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Rhodothermaceae , for which the name Rubrivirga marina gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species of is SAORIC-28T ( = KCTC 23867T = NBRC 108816T). An additional strain of the species is SAORIC-26.
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Flavobacterium squillarum sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater shrimp culture pond, and emended descriptions of Flavobacterium haoranii , Flavobacterium cauense , Flavobacterium terrae and Flavobacterium aquatile
More LessA bacterial strain, designated CMJ-5T, was isolated from a freshwater shrimp culture pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain CMJ-5T were Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, yellow-pigmented rods surrounded by a thick capsule. Growth occurred at 20–35 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.5–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0–0.5 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CMJ-5T belonged to the genus Flavobacterium and was related most closely to Flavobacterium haoranii LQY-7T with sequence similarity of 94.4 %. Strain CMJ-5T contained iso-C15 : 0 (37.5 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (13.4 %), iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (13.1 %) and iso-C15 : 1 G (11.2 %) as the predominant fatty acids. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids and phospholipids. The major polyamine was homospermidine. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.4 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain CMJ-5T should be classified as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Flavobacterium squillarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CMJ-5T ( = BCRC 80405T = LMG 26890T = KCTC 23915T). Emended descriptions of Flavobacterium haoranii , Flavobacterium cauense , Flavobacterium terrae and Flavobacterium aquatile are also proposed.
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Sphingobacterium caeni sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
More LessThe taxonomic status of a bacterium, strain DC-8T, isolated from activated sludge, was determined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The cells of strain DC-8T were Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. The isolate grew at temperature range of 10–40 °C (optimum 30–35 °C), pH range of 5.0–10.0 (optimum 6.5–8.0) and NaCl concentrations of 0–5 % (optimum 0–1 %). The predominant menaquinone of strain DC-8T was MK-7 and major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 39.7 %), iso-C15 : 0 (33.7 %) and C16 : 0 (5.2 %). The DNA G+C content was 39.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain DC-8T was a member of the genus Sphingobacterium . Strain DC-8T shared the highest similarity with Sphingobacterium siyangense SY1T (98.4 %), Sphingobacterium multivorum IAM 14316T (98.3 %), Sphingobacterium canadense CR11T (98.0 %) and Sphingobacterium detergens 6.2ST (97.9 %) and shared less than 97 % similarity with other members of the genus Sphingobacterium . DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed that the DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain DC-8T and its closest phylogenetic neighbours were below 70 %. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, whole-cell fatty acid composition as well as biochemical characteristics, strain DC-8T was clearly distinguished from all recognized species of the genus Sphingobacterium and should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Sphingobacterium , for which the name Sphingobacterium caeni sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DC-8T ( = CCTCC AB 2012020T = KACC 16850T).
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Muricauda zhangzhouensis sp. nov., isolated from mangrove sediment
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial strain, designated 12C25T, was isolated from the crude-oil-degrading bacterial consortium enriched from mangrove sediment collected in Fujian Province, China. Optimal growth was observed at 25–28 °C, at pH 7.0 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl + 2 % (w/v) KCl. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that strain 12C25T shared the highest sequence similarity with members of the genus Muricauda (97.7–93.9 %), exhibiting 97.7 % sequence similarity and 33.7±4 % DNA–DNA relatedness to Muricauda aquimarina SW-63T. The DNA G+C content of strain 12C25T was 39.9 mol%. The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0, C18 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, and menaquinone with six isoprene units (MK-6) was the only respiratory quinone. On the basis of phenotypic data and phylogenetic inference, the novel strain belongs to the genus Muricauda , but can readily be distinguished from known species of this genus and thus represents a novel species of the genus Muricauda. The name Muricauda zhangzhouensis sp. nov. is proposed and the type strain is 12C25T ( = CGMCC 1.11028T = MCCC 1F01096T = DSM 25030T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Cloacibacillus porcorum sp. nov., a mucin-degrading bacterium from the swine intestinal tract and emended description of the genus Cloacibacillus
More LessA novel anaerobic, mesophilic, amino-acid-fermenting bacterium, designated strain CL-84T, was isolated from the swine intestinal tract on mucin-based media. Cells were curved rods (0.8–1.2×3.5–5.0 µm), stained Gram-negative and were non-motile with no evidence of spores. Strain CL-84T produced acetate, propionate, formate and butyrate as the end products of metabolism when grown on serine. Optimum growth occurred at 39 °C and pH 6.5. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 0 and C16 : 0, distinguishing strain CL-84T from closely related species. The DNA G+C content of strain CL-84T was 55.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain CL-84T shared 90–95 % similarity with characterized genera within the phylum Synergistetes , family Synergistaceae . Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain CL-84T was related to, but distinct from, Cloacibacillus evryensis . Based on these findings, we propose that strain CL-84T represents a novel species of the genus Cloacibacillus . We further propose the name Cloacibacillus porcorum sp. nov. be designated for this species. The type strain is CL-84T ( = DSM 25858T = CCUG 62631T). An emended description of the genus Cloacibacillus is provided.
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Roseimicrobium gellanilyticum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the class Verrucomicrobiae
The taxonomic properties of strain DC2a-G7T, a Gram-negative, ovoid to rod-shaped, gellan gum-lysing bacterium, were examined. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that DC2a-G7T is a member of the phylum Verrucomicrobia and the closest type strain of a species with a validly published name is Verrucomicrobium spinosum DSM 4136T, with a sequence similarity of 91.2 %. In addition to this similarity value lower than 95 %, the absence of prostheca, the orangey-red colony colour and the compositions of the major menaquinones and polar lipids also supported the differentiation of this bacterium from the genus Verrucomicrobium . Here, we propose the name Roseimicrobium gellanilyticum gen. nov., sp. nov. for the isolate. The type strain of Roseimicrobium gellanilyticum is DC2a-G7T ( = NBRC 108606T = DSM 25532T).
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Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens sp. nov., a halo-alkaliphilic, obligately anaerobic spirochaete isolated from soda lake Lonar
More LessTwo helical-shaped bacteria (strains JC133T and JC143), which stain Gram-negative, were isolated from an alkaline soda lake, Lonar, India. Both strains were obligate anaerobes, mesophilic and required halo-alkaline conditions for growth. Both strains were resistant to rifampicin and kanamycin, but sensitive to gentamicin, tetracycline, ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Both strains had phosphatidylglycerol (PG), diphosphotidylglycerol (DPG), glycolipid (GL) and four unidentified lipids (L1–4) as the major polar lipids. C18 : 1ω7c was the predominant cellular fatty acid with significant proportions of C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, C14 : 0, C18 : 0, C16 : 1ω5c, C18 : 1ω5c and C20 : 1ω9c. The DNA G+C contents of strain JC131T and JC143 were 58.2 and 58.5 mol%, respectively, and the two strains showed DNA reassociation >85 % (based on DNA–DNA hybridization). Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, both strains were identified as belonging to the genus Spirochaeta with Spirochaeta alkalica Z-7491T (99.6 % sequence similarity), Spirochaeta americana ASpG1T (99 %) and other members of the genus Spirochaeta (<93 %) as their closest phylogenetic neighbours. However, strain JC133T and JC143 displayed less than 53.5 % binding (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) with S. alkalica Z-7491T and S. americana ASpG1T. On the basis of physiological, biochemical, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strains JC133T and JC143 can be differentiated from other members of the genus Spirochaeta and represent a novel species of the genus Spirochaeta , for which the name Spirochaeta sphaeroplastigenens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC133T ( = KCTC 15220T = NBRC 109056T).
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Blastopirellula cremea sp. nov., isolated from a dead ark clam
Strain LHWP2T, a novel, aerobic, budding, motile and ovoid bacterium belonging to the phylum Planctomycetes , was isolated from a dead ark clam (Scapharca broughtonii) from the south coast of Korea. Strain LHWP2T grew optimally at 30 °C, in the presence of 4 % (w/v) NaCl, and at pH 7. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8) and C18 : 1ω9c. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The dominant polar lipid was identified as phosphatidylglycerol. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the novel strain was most closely related to Blastopirellula marina DSM 3645T, with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.1 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain LHWP2T was 49.5 mol%. Strain LHWP2T was distinguished from B. marina DSM 3645T based on its optimum salinity, acid production from substrates, assimilation of substrates and DNA G+C content. Overall, these phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data suggest that strain LHWP2T should be classified as a novel species belonging to the genus Blastopirellula , for which the name Blastopirellula cremea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LHWP2T ( = KACC 15559T = JCM 17758T).
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Chalicogloea cavernicola gen. nov., sp. nov. (Chroococcales, Cyanobacteria ), from low-light aerophytic environments: combined molecular, phenotypic and ecological criteria
More LessThis work characterizes a unicellular cyanobacterium with nearly spherical cells and thin-outlined sheaths that divide irregularly, forming small packets immersed in a diffluent mucilaginous layer. It was isolated growing on calcite speleothems and walls in a show cave in Collbató (Barcelona, Spain). Spectral confocal laser and transmission electron microscopy were used to describe the morphology, fine structure and thylakoid arrangement. The pigments identified were phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and chlorophyll a. Three-dimensional reconstructions, generated from natural fluorescence z-stacks, revealed a large surface area of nearly flat, arm-like thylakoidal membranes connected to each other and forming a unified structure in a way that, to our knowledge, has never been described before. Phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed 95 % similarity to strain Chroococcus sp. JJCM (GenBank accession no. AM710384). The diacritical phenotypic features do not correspond to any species currently described, and the genetic traits support the strain being classified as the first member of an independent genus in the order Chroococcales and the family Chroococcaceae. Hence, we propose the name Chalicogloea cavernicola gen. nov., sp. nov. under the provisions of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants. The type strain of Chalicogloea cavernicola is COLL 3T ( = CCALA 975T = CCAP 1424/1T).
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- Eukaryotic Micro-organisms
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Tetrapisispora taiwanensis sp. nov. and Tetrapisispora pingtungensis sp. nov., two ascosporogenous yeast species isolated from soil
More LessTwo novel yeast species, Tetrapisispora taiwanensis sp. nov. and Tetrapisispora pingtungensis sp. nov., belonging to the Saccharomycetaceae within the Saccharomycetales, are proposed to accommodate six strains isolated from samples of Taiwanese forest soil between 2005 and 2010. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the D1/D2 domains of the large-subunit (LSU) rRNA gene revealed that the two species are phylogenetically closely related to species of the genus Tetrapisispora. Moreover, the assimilation spectrum of carbon and nitrogen sources and morphological characteristics are very similar to those of other Tetrapisispora species. The molecular, morphological and physiological characteristics described above indicate that these two species should be classified as members of the genus Tetrapisispora. The two species can be differentiated from each other and from other Tetrapisispora species based on their LSU D1/D2 rRNA gene and ITS sequences. Thus, the two species could be regarded as novel species of the genus Tetrapisispora, and the names Tetrapisispora taiwanensis sp. nov. (type strain SJ6S04T = CBS 10586T = NBRC 102652T = BCRC 23090T) and Tetrapisispora pingtungensis sp. nov. (type strain NC2S06T = CBS 12780T = BCRC 23409T) are proposed. The type strains of the two species were isolated from forest soil in Leinhuatsu Park, Nantou, in 2006 and from Hungchun, Pingtung, in 2009, respectively.
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Sugiyamaella xylanicola sp. nov., a xylan-degrading yeast species isolated from rotting wood
Four strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from rotting-wood samples in an Atlantic rainforest site in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. These yeasts were obtained from enrichments using yeast nitrogen base (YNB)-d-xylose or YNB-xylan media. The novel yeast species produces bacilliform ascospores typical of the genus Sugiyamaella, and its closest described relative in terms of sequence similarity is Candida (iter. nom. Sugiyamaella) marionensis. The yeast is able to grow in medium with xylan as sole carbon source and produces extracellular enzymes with xylanolytic activities. The novel species Sugiyamaella xylanicola sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these isolates. The type strain is UFMG-CA-32.1T ( = CBS 12683T = CBMAI 1467T).
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 33 (1983)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)