- Volume 63, Issue Pt_1, 2013

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, weakly motile, non-spore-forming bacterium (D9T) was isolated from the gut of Cylindroiulus fulviceps (Diplopoda) on 1/3-strength nutrient agar plates. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain D9T was shown to be phylogenetically closely related to the type strain of Budvicia aquatica , the sole species of the genus Budvicia , family Enterobacteriaceae . The similarity of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain D9T and B. aquatica DSM 5075T was 98.4 %. Other strains that showed high pairwise similarities with the isolate belonged to the genus Yersinia : Y. frederiksenii ATCC 33641T (96.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Y. massiliensis CCUG 53443T (96.8 %), Y. pestis NCTC 5923T (96.8 %), Y. pseudotuberculosis ATCC 29833T (96.8 %), Y. similis CCUG 52882T (96.7 %) and Y. ruckeri ATCC 29473T (96.5 % ). The similarities of sequences of the housekeeping genes rpoB, hsp60 and gyrB between strain D9T and B. aquatica DSM 5075T and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae were less than 94 %. Phylogenetic trees based on all four gene sequences unequivocally grouped the isolate with the type strain of B. aquatica and separately from the genus Yersinia . Cells contained the quinones Q-8, Q-7 and MK-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The G+C content of the DNA (48.3 mol%) and the whole-cell fatty acid composition of strain D9T (C14 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, cyclo-C17 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c as major components) were typical for members of the Enterobacteriaceae . DNA–DNA hybridization of strain D9T with B. aquatica DSM 5075T resulted in a relatedness of 30.4 %, indicating that the isolate did not belong to B. aquatica . Physiological tests allowed the phenotypic differentiation of strain D9T from B. aquatica DSM 5075T as well as from members of the genus Yersinia . From these results, it is concluded that strain D9T represents a novel species, for which the name Budvicia diplopodorum sp. nov. is proposed (type strain D9T  = DSM 21983T  = CCM 7845T). The description of the genus Budvicia is emended.

Pseudomonas flectens Johnson 1956, a plant-pathogenic bacterium on the pods of the French bean, is no longer considered to be a member of the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto. A polyphasic approach that included examination of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and atpD gene sequences supported the transfer of Pseudomonas flectens Johnson 1956 to a new genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae as Phaseolibacter flectens gen. nov., comb. nov. Two strains of Phaseolibacter flectens were studied (ATCC 12775T and LMG 2186); the strains shared 99.8 % sequence similarity in their 16S rRNA genes and the housekeeping gene sequences were identical. Strains of Phaseolibacter flectens shared 96.6 % or less 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with members of different genera in the family Enterobacteriaceae and only 84.7 % sequence similarity with Pseudomonas aeruginosa LMG 1242T, demonstrating that they are not related to the genus Pseudomonas . As Phaseolibacter flectens formed an independent phyletic lineage in all of the phylogenetic analyses, it could not be affiliated to any of the recognized genera within the family Enterobacteriaceae and therefore was assigned to a new genus. Cells were Gram-negative, straight rods, motile by means of one or two polar flagella, fermentative, facultative anaerobes, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Growth occurred in the presence of 0–60 % sucrose. The DNA G+C content of the type strain was 44.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, Pseudomonas flectens Johnson 1956 is transferred to the novel genus Phaseolibacter gen. nov. as Phaseolibacter flectens gen. nov., comb. nov. The type strain of Phaseolibacter flectens is ATCC 12775T  = CFBP 3281T  = ICMP 745T  = LMG 2187T  = NCPPB 539T.

A novel Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, designated strain AK13T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from mangrove of Namkhana, Sunderbans, West Bengal, India. Strain AK13T was positive for oxidase, DNase and lipase activities and negative for catalase, gelatinase, ornithine decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, nitrate reductase, aesculinase and urease activities. The fatty acids were dominated by iso-C11 : 0, iso-C11 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 1ω9c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). Strain AK13T contained Q-8 as the major respiratory quinone and diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, two unidentified aminolipids, one unidentified glycolipid and one unidentified lipid as the polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain AK13T was 55.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the type strain of Silanimonas lenta , of the family Xanthomonadaceae (phylum Proteobacteria ), was the closest neighbour of strain AK13T, with 95.2 % sequence similarity. Other members of the family showed sequence similarities <94.4 %. Based on the phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference, strain AK13T is proposed as a member of a novel species of the genus Silanimonas , Silanimonas mangrovi sp. nov.; the type strain is AK13T ( = MTCC 11082T  = DSM 24914T). An emended description of the genus Silanimonas is also provided.

A group of five Gram-negative, aerobic, halotolerant, non-pigmented bacteria isolated from shallow sediment samples and invertebrate specimens collected from the Gulf of Alaska and the Sea of Japan was subjected to taxonomic study. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the novel isolates were affiliated to the genus Cobetia , sharing the highest sequence similarity of 99.3–99.9 % with Cobetia marina DSM 4741T. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments between and among the novel strains and C. marina DSM 4741T and Cobetia crustatorum JCM 15644T revealed that the five strains represent three separate genospecies, which could be differentiated in their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. Halomonas halodurans NBRC 15607T was included in this study as it has recently been reported to exhibit high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to C. marina DSM 4741T, and it showed a high DNA relatedness value of 96 % with C. marina DSM 4741T, indicating that they belong to the same species. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic characterization, three novel species are proposed, named Cobetia amphilecti sp. nov. (type strain KMM 1561T  = NRIC 0815T  = CCUG 49560T), Cobetia litoralis sp. nov. (type strain KMM 3880T  = NRIC 0814T  = CCUG 49563T) and Cobetia pacifica sp. nov. (type strain KMM 3879T  = NRIC 0813T  = CCUG 49562T). It is also proposed that Halomonas halodurans is a later heterotypic synonym of Cobetia marina , and emended descriptions of the genus Cobetia and the species Cobetia marina are provided.

A Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped (0.6–0.9×0.7–1.2 µm), motile marine bacterium, designated MEBiC06554T, was isolated from seawater collected from the East Sea, Korea (also known as the Sea of Japan). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain MEBiC06554T was affiliated to the order Kordiimonadales and showed high similarity to Kordiimonas gwangyangensis GW14-5T (95.4 %), but formed a distinct phyletic line. Growth was observed at 10.5–35.0 °C (optimum 20 °C), at pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and with 0–13 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 3.0–3.5 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (14.9 %), iso-C17 : 1ω9c (44.6 %), iso-C17 : 0 (6.3 %) and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 13.9 %). The DNA G+C content was 50.3 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was Q-10. Phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified glycolipids, six unidentified aminolipids, three unidentified lipids and one unidentified aminophospholipid were detected as major polar lipids. On the basis of the data from our polyphasic taxonomic study, strain MEBiC06554T should be classified within a novel species of the genus Kordiimonas , as Kordiimonas aquimaris sp. nov. The type strain is MEBiC06554T ( = KCCM 42940T  = JCM 16665T). Emended descriptions of the genus Kordiimonas and of its species Kordiimonas gwangyangensis and Kordiimonas lacus are also proposed.

Three Gram-negative, stalked, motile bacteria, designated 0C-2-2T, 0C-17 and LNM-3, were isolated from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the three novel strains belonged to the family Hyphomonadaceae , and were closely related to Litorimonas taeanensis G5T (96.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Hellea balneolensis 26III/A02/215T (94.3 %). The DNA G+C contents of the novel isolates (58.5–60.2 mol%) were clearly distinguished from those of L. taeanensis G5T (47.1 mol%) and H. balneolensis DSM 19091T (47.9 mol%). The G+C content of L. taeanensis G5T obtained in this study was quite different from a previous report (63.6 mol%). DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed that the novel strains constituted a single species. Eleven phenotypic features of the three isolates differed from those of both related genera. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 and the major fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. On the basis of this polyphasic taxonomic analysis, the novel strains represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Algimonas porphyrae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Algimonas porphyrae is 0C-2-2T ( = LMG 26424T  = NBRC 108216T).

A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain 333-1-0411T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Namucuo, Tibet Autonomous Region, China and characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. The major fatty acid components of strain 333-1-0411T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0; its major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. Q-8 was the dominant ubiquinone, and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 66.7 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 333-1-0411T fell within the evolutionary radiation encompassed by the genus Massilia . The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain 333-1-0411T and recognized species of the genus Massilia ranged from 95.4 % to 97.2 %, and the most closely related strains were Massilia flava Y9T (97.2 %) and Massilia albidiflava 45T (97.0 %). However, the DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain 333-1-0411T and M. flava Y9T and M. albidiflava 45T were 20.2 % and 27.2 %, respectively. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain 333-1-0411T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Massilia , for which the name Massilia namucuonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 333-1-0411T ( = CGMCC 1.11014T = DSM 25159T).

A moderately thermophilic and strictly anaerobic bacterium, designated HS1T, was isolated from offshore hot spring sediment in Xiamen, China. Cells were Gram-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, slender and flexible rods without flagella. The strain could grow at 35–55 °C (optimum at 50 °C) and in 1–8 % NaCl (w/v; optimum 2–4 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HS1T was affiliated with the family Marinilabiliaceae and shared a distant relationship with the previously described genera. The isolate was most closely related to Anaerophaga thermohalophila Fru22T with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 92.4 %, followed by the other members of the family Marinilabiliaceae with 88.7–91.1 % similarity. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The predominant quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and an unknown polar lipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.7 mol%. Besides the phylogenetically distant relationship, strain HS1T was obviously distinguished from the most closely related genera in several phenotypic properties including colony colour and pigment production, optimal temperature, optimal NaCl, relation to O2, bicarbonate/carbonate requirement, catalase activity, nitrate reduction, fermentation products and cellular fatty acid profile. Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain HS1T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Thermophagus xiamenensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is HS1T ( = DSM 19012T = CGMCCC 1.5071T).

A bacterial strain, designated NSW-5T, was isolated from a water sample taken from Niao-Song Wetland Park in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain NSW-5T were strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and polymorphic, being straight, vibrioid, curved and spiral-shaped rods surrounded by a thick capsule and forming light pink-coloured colonies. Some rings consisting of several cells were present. Growth occurred at 10–40 °C (optimum, 25 °C), with 0–3.0 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %) and at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NSW-5T belonged to the genus Arcicella with sequence similarities of 98.6, 98.0 and 97.3 % with Arcicella aquatica NO-502T, Arcicella rosea TW5T and Arcicella aurantiaca TNR-18T, respectively. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 20.8 %), C16 : 0 (14.6 %), iso-C15 : 0 (13.8 %), C16 : 1ω5c (12.5 %) and C18 : 0 (11.4 %), and the only respiratory quinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and several uncharacterized glycolipids, aminolipids, phospholipids and aminophospholipids. The DNA G+C content of strain NSW-5T was 44.1 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness of strain NSW-5T with respect to recognized species of the genus Arcicella was less than 70 %. On the basis of phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain NSW-5T should be classified as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Arcicella rigui sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NSW-5T ( = KCTC 23307T = BCRC 80260T). Emended descriptions of the genus Arcicella and of Arcicella aquatica , Arcicella rosea and Arcicella aurantiaca are also proposed.

A Gram-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, PR1T, was isolated from a mud core sample containing colonial choanoflagellates near Hog Island, Virginia, USA. Strain PR1T grew optimally at 30 °C and with 3 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain PR1T contained MK-7 as the major menaquinone as well as carotenoids but lacked pigments of the flexirubin-type. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (29.4 %), iso-C17 : 1ω9c (18.5 %) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 11.3 %). The major polar lipids detected in strain PR1T were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown phospholipid, an aminophospholipid, an aminolipid and two lipids of unknown character. The DNA G+C content was 38.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PR1T fell within the cluster comprising the genus Algoriphagus and was most closely related to Algoriphagus halophilus JC 2051T (95.4 % sequence similarity) and Algoriphagus lutimaris S1-3T (95.3 % sequence similarity). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain PR1T and the type strains of other species of the genus Algoriphagus were in the range 91–95 %. Differential phenotypic properties and phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness of strain PR1T demonstrated that this strain was distinct from other members of the genus Algoriphagus , including its closest relative, A. halophilus . Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genomic data, strain PR1T should be placed in the genus Algoriphagus as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Algoriphagus machipongonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PR1T ( = ATCC BAA-2233T  = DSM 24695T).

A group of 11 bacterial strains was isolated during microbiological investigations of pharyngeal swabs collected from domestic pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica). Phenotypic properties of the isolates closely resembled those of members of the genus Riemerella within the family Flavobacteriaceae . The genus presently contains two species, Riemerella anatipestifer and Riemerella columbina . The pigeon isolates differed from R. columbina by their lack of pigment production and negative CAMP co-haemolysis reaction. They grew more slowly at 37 °C under microaerobic conditions and showed reduced viability during storage under aerobic conditions at different temperatures, compared with both Riemerella species. Comparisons of protein profiles with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) MS analysis allowed differentiation between the new pigeon isolates and both R. anatipestifer and R. columbina . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and rpoB gene (encoding RNA polymerase beta subunit) sequences supported the affiliation of the 11 strains to a novel species within the genus Riemerella , for which we propose the name Riemerella columbipharyngis sp. nov. The type strain is 8151T ( = DSM 24015T  = LMG 26094T). Emended descriptions of the genus Riemerella and of its species Riemerella anatipestifer and Riemerella columbina are also presented.

A Gram-negative bacterium, designated TF5-37.2-LB10T, was isolated from subsurface water of the Toarcian geological layer of Tournemire, France. Cells were non-motile straight rods that formed cream to light pink colonies on 10-fold diluted LB agar. Strain TF5-37.2-LB10T contained menaquinone 7 and its major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed strain TF5-37.2-LB10T within the genus Pedobacter , family Sphingobacteriaceae . Pedobacter composti TR6-06T and Pedobacter oryzae DSM 19973T were the closest phylogenetic relatives (93.5 and 93.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and physiological and biochemical characteristics, strain TF5-37.2-LB10T represents a novel species of the genus Pedobacter , for which the name Pedobacter tournemirensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TF5-37.2-LB10T ( = DSM 23085T = CIP 110085T = MOLA 820T).

A Gram-negative, orange-pigmented, rod-shaped, motile and aerobic bacterial strain designated DM9T was isolated from hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-contaminated soil (Lucknow, India) and its taxonomic position was determined using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate belonged to the phylum Bacteroidetes and confirmed its placement in the genus Pontibacter , with sequence similarity ranging from 93.92 to 96.21 % with other members of the genus Pontibacter . The major cellular fatty acids of the novel strain were iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (6.00 %), iso-C15 : 0 (21.54 %) and summed feature 4 (comprising C17 : 1 iso I/anteiso B; 32.3 %). The polar lipid profile of strain DM9T showed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminophospholipid, two unknown aminolipids and four unknown polar lipids. Strain DM9T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and its DNA G+C content was 49.2 mol%. sym-Homospermidine was the major polyamine observed in the cell. The results obtained on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis, biochemical and physiological tests clearly distinguished DM9T from closely related members of the genus Pontibacter . It is proposed that DM9T represents a novel species, Pontibacter lucknowensis sp. nov.; the type strain is DM9T ( = CCM 7955T = MTCC 11079T).

A novel bacterium, designated F081-2T, isolated from seawater from Damupo beach in Pohang, Korea, was investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were yellow-pigmented, strictly aerobic, motile by gliding, Gram-negative-staining and rod-shaped. The temperature, pH and NaCl ranges for growth were 4–35 °C, pH 5.5–9.5 and 1.0–5.0 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain F081-2T belonged to a distinct lineage in the genus Winogradskyella of the family Flavobacteriaceae , sharing 93.7–98.1 % similarity with recognized members of the genus. Low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness values were found between strain F081-2T and Winogradskyella eximia KCTC 12219T (61.1 %), Winogradskyella thalassocola KCTC 12221T (47.0 %), Winogradskyella echinorum KCTC 22026T (39.3 %), Winogradskyella rapida CCUG 56098T (34.3 %) and Winogradskyella arenosi JCM 17633T (33.4 %). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (25.3 %), iso-C15 : 1 G (14.6 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (9.3 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (7.8 %) and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (7.6 %). The polar lipid profile was composed of phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid, one unidentified phospholipid, one unidentified aminophospholipid and six unidentified lipids. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 and the DNA G+C content of the strain was 32.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain F081-2T represents a novel species within the genus Winogradskyella , for which the name Winogradskyella damuponensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is F081-2T ( = KCTC 23552T = JCM 17633T).

A Gram-staining-negative, yellow-pigmented, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain SC17T, was isolated from sediment of a tidal flat of Suncheon bay in South Korea. Cells were halotolerant, catalase- and oxidase-positive and non-motile rods. Growth of strain SC17T was observed at 5–40 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 1–8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1–2 %). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 1 G and anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid content consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified amino lipids and lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46.4 mol% and the only respiratory quinone detected was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). Phylogenetic inference based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SC17T formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the family Flavobacteriaceae and was most closely related to members of the genera Gaetbulibacter and Tamlana with 95.0–95.8 % sequence similarity. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular features, strain SC17T represents a novel genus of the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Aestuariibaculum suncheonense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SC17T ( = KACC 16186T = JCM 17789T). Emended descriptions of the genera Gaetbulibacter and Tamlana are also proposed.

A Gram-staining-negative, red-pigmented, psychrophilic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated W1T, was isolated from soil and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain W1T grouped with members of the genus Pedobacter and formed a distinct cluster with the type strain of Pedobacter composti (97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain W1T and the type strains of all other recognized species of the genus Pedobacter available at the time of writing were <97.0 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids (≥10 %) of strain W1T were summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and anteiso-C15 : 0. The only menaquinone was MK-7. The genomic DNA G+C content was 39.0 mol% (HPLC). Combined data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and DNA–DNA relatedness studies demonstrated that strain W1T is a representative of a novel species of the genus Pedobacter , for which we propose the name Pedobacter ruber sp. nov. The type strain is W1T ( = DSM 24536T = LMG 26240T).

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, non-motile, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated CAU 1074T, was isolated from marine sediment and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain CAU 1074T grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 6.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CAU 1074T formed a distinct lineage within the genus Haloferula and was most closely related to Haloferula harenae KCTC 22198T (96.0 % similarity). Strain CAU 1074T contained MK-9 as the major isoprenoid quinone, and iso-C14 : 0, C16 : 1ω9c and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major whole-cell sugars were glucose, xylose, mannose and ribose. The polar lipids were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminoglycolipid and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 64.0 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, and phylogenetic inference, strain CAU 1074T should be classified as a member of a novel species in the genus Haloferula , for which the name Haloferula chungangensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is CAU 1074T ( = KCTC 23578T = CCUG 61920T). An emended description of the genus Haloferula is also provided.

A novel obligately anaerobic, mesophilic, organotrophic bacterium, strain P3M-1T, was isolated from a microbial mat formed in a wooden bath filled with hot water emerging from a 2775 m-deep well in the Tomsk region of western Siberia, Russia. Cells of strain P3M-1T were rod-shaped, 0.3–0.7 µm in width and formed multicellullar filaments that reached up to 400 µm in length. Strain P3M-1T grew optimally at 42–45 °C, pH 7.5–8.0, and with 0.1% (w/v) NaCl. Under optimal conditions, the doubling time was 6 h. The isolate was able to ferment a variety of proteinaceous substrates and sugars, including microcrystalline cellulose. Acetate, ethanol and H2 were the main products of glucose fermentation. The genomic DNA G+C content was 55 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analyses showed that strain P3M-1T was a member of the class Anaerolinea , with 92.8 % sequence similarity to Levilinea saccharolytica KIBI-1T. Based on phylogenetic analysis and physiological properties, strain P3M-1T represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Ornatilinea apprima gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of O. apprima is P3M-1T ( = DSM 23815T = VKM B-2669T).

During the characterization of the microbiota biodiversity associated with grapes and wineries in different bioclimatic conditions of the Canary Islands (Spain), a novel yeast species was isolated from Lanzarote, the driest wine-producing region of the archipelago. Seven strains isolated from grapes, microvinifications and wineries are described. Sequence analysis of the D1/D2 domain of the LSU rDNA gene and 5.8S-ITS regions revealed that the isolates were phylogenetically a member of the genus Lachancea and are closely related to Lachancea meyersii NRRL Y-27269T and Lachancea nothofagi NRRL Y-48670T. On the basis of morphological, biochemical and physiological characterization and phylogenetic analysis, a novel ascosporogenous yeast species, Lachancea lanzarotensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is L2C-15T ( = CBS 12615T = CECT 13066T) which was isolated from grape berries of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Listán Negro red grape variety in Tinajo, Lanzarote. The MycoBank no. is MB 801390.