- Volume 61, Issue 2, 2011

A novel actinomycete, designated strain Sco-B14T, was isolated from volcanic ash collected near Darangshi Oreum (a parasitic or satellite volcano) in Jeju, Republic of Korea. The organism formed well-developed, branched substrate mycelium, on which short chains of non-motile spores were arranged singly or in clusters. Aerial mycelium was not produced. Globose bodies were observed. The reverse colour of colonies was light brown to brown. Diffusible pigments were produced on ISP medium 3 and oatmeal-nitrate agar. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Sco-B14T formed a lineage within the family Micromonosporaceae and was distinct from established genera. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain Sco-B14T to members of related genera of the family was 95.0–95.7 % to type strains of Catellatospora species, 94.7 % to Hamadaea tsunoensis IMSNU 22005T, 94.7 % to Longispora albida K97-0003T and 94.0 % to Catelliglobosispora koreensis LM 042T. 3-Hydroxydiaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Whole-cell sugars were glucose, rhamnose, ribose, xylose, arabinose, galactose and mannose. The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. The menaquinone profile contained MK-10(H4) (49 %), MK-9(H4) (24 %), MK-10(H6) (18 %) and MK-9(H6) (9 %). The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 70.1 mol%. The combination of chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data clearly separated the isolate from the type strains of all genera in the family Micromonosporaceae. On the basis of the phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data presented in this paper, strain Sco-B14T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Micromonosporaceae, for which the name Allocatelliglobosispora scoriae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Allocatelliglobosispora scoriae is Sco-B14T (=KCTC 19661T =DSM 45362T).

Strain 104T was isolated from a traditional salt-fermented seafood in Korea. It was a Gram-positive, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacterium. It formed lemon–yellow, opaque colonies that were circular with entire margins. Optimal growth occurred at 30–37 °C, pH 7–8 and in the presence of 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences from strain 104T and reference species of the genus Kocuria indicated that strain 104T formed an independent line. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 60.6 mol%. MK-7 was the major menaquinone and the predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 (76.7 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (10.9 %) and iso-C16 : 0 (4.5 %). Strain 104T was most closely related to Kocuria rhizophila TA68T (98.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain 104T and K. rhizophila TA68T was 14.1±3.4 %. On the basis of this polyphasic taxonomic analysis, strain 104T appears to represent a novel species in the genus Kocuria. The name Kocuria salsicia sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 104T (=KACC 21128T=JCM 16361T).

In the course of a polyphasic study it was observed that ‘Dactylosporangium variesporum’ NRRL B-16296 is misclassified in the genus Dactylosporangium as it exhibits properties consistent with its assignment to the genus Saccharothrix. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences show that the strain falls within the evolutionary radiation of the genus Saccharothrix, a result which is supported by corresponding chemotaxonomic and morphological markers. The strain is phylogenetically most closely, albeit loosely, related to Saccharothrix espanaensis, but can be readily distinguished from this and other species of the genus Saccharothrix with validly described names by using a range of phenotypic properties. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data demonstrate conclusively that this strain should be classified as a new species in the genus Saccharothrix for which the name Saccharothrix variisporea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NRRL B-16296T (=ATCC 31203T =DSM 43911T =JCM 3273T =NBRC 14104T).

Strain 211018T was isolated from mangrove Excocaria agallocha rhizosphere soil. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed the highest similarity to the type strains of Micromonospora olivasterospora DSM 43868T (98.6 %) and Micromonospora pattaloongensis TJ2-2T (98.4 %). gyrB gene sequence analysis also indicated that strain 211018T should be assigned to the genus Micromonospora. The characteristic whole-cell sugars are xylose, mannose and arabinose. The predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H4) and the major fatty acids are iso-C15 : 0 (27.5 %), 10-methyl C17 : 0 (14.2 %), C17 : 1 ω8c (12.8 %), iso-C16 : 0 (12.6 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (6.1 %), iso-C17 : 0 (4.1 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (4.0 %). The phospholipid profile comprises phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The DNA G+C content is 70.8 mol%. The chemotaxonomic data of the strain coincided with those of the genus Micromonospora. Furthermore, a combination of DNA–DNA hybridization results and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the novel strain could be readily distinguished from the closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, strain 211018T represents a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 211018T (=CGMCC 4.5599T =DSM 45431T).

A novel bacterium (strain M4-8T) belonging to the genus Microbacterium was isolated from salted turban shell, which is a traditional fermented food in Korea. Its morphology, physiology, biochemical features and 16S rRNA gene sequence were characterized. Cells of this strain were Gram-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods that formed yellow-pigmented colonies. It grew in 0–8 % (w/v) NaCl and at 15–37 °C, with optimal growth occurring in 1 % (w/v) NaCl and at 30 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain M4-8T is associated with members of the genus Microbacterium. Within the phylogenetic tree, this novel strain shared a branching point with Microbacterium hominis IFO 15708T (97.8 % similarity). The DNA G+C content was 71.3 mol% and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed a low level (<29 %) of DNA–DNA relatedness between M4-8T and its closest relatives. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0 and the major cell-wall diamino acid was ornithine. Data obtained from DNA–DNA hybridization and chemotaxonomic phenotypic analysis support the conclusion that strain M4-8T represents a novel species within the genus Microbacterium. The name Microbacterium mitrae sp. nov. is proposed, with M4-8T (=KACC 21129T =JCM 16363T) as the type strain.

Members of the genus Nocardia are responsible for cutaneous, pulmonary and disseminated human infections. From 2003 to 2008, four nocardioform strains (W8027, W8681, W9071 and W9241T) were isolated from patients in the state of Florida, USA. Ribosomal gene sequencing analysis suggested that a novel species of the genus Nocardia had been isolated. These strains were subjected to a taxonomic analysis using a polyphasic approach. Phenotypic analyses included morphological examination, biochemical profiling and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Molecular studies included 16S rRNA and DNA gyrase B subunit (gyrB) gene sequence analyses and DNA–DNA hybridization. Phylogenetic neighbours were determined through 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence analyses. Phenotypic characteristics that differentiated the novel isolates from phylogenetically related species were growth at 45 °C, and three of the four novel strains utilized l-rhamnose. The antimicrobial profiles could not reliably distinguish the novel species from related nocardiae. Analysis showed that the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the four novel isolates were identical. The blast analysis of the near full-length 16S rRNA gene showed 99.2 % sequence similarity to Nocardia araoensis DSM 44729T, Nocardia arthritidis DSM 44731T and Nocardia beijingensis JCM 10666T, 98.7 % to Nocardia amamiensis DSM 45066T, 98.2 % to Nocardia pneumoniae JCM 12119T and 97.8 % to Nocardia takedensis JCM 13313T. Analysis of partial gyrB gene sequences showed that the novel isolates had 95.4 % similarity to N. arthritidis DSM 44731T, 95.3 % to Nocardia gamkensis DSM 44956T, 94.4 % to N. pneumoniae JCM 12119T, 93.8 % to Nocardia asiatica DSM 44668T, 93.5 % to N. amamiensis DSM 45066T, 93.4 % to N. beijingensis JCM 10666T and 93.2 % to N. araoensis DSM 44729T. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between the four novel strains were 86–89 %; the relatedness value for strain W9241T compared with N. beijingensis JCM 10666T was 47 % and 46 % with N. araoensis DSM 44729T, 44 % with N. arthritidis DSM 44731T, 32 % with N. amamiensis DSM 45066T and 20 % with N. asiatica DSM 44668T. The results of the taxonomic analysis suggested that the new isolates represent a novel species of the genus Nocardia for which the name Nocardia niwae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is W9241T (=DSM 45340T=CCUG 57756T).

Two red-pigmented, strictly aerobic, pleomorphic rod-shaped and extremely halophilic archaea, designated strains HST01-2RT and HST03T, were isolated from salt in a fish sauce sample from Thailand. The novel strains grew optimally at 37 °C, pH 7.0, and in the presence of 20–25 % (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C contents of the isolates were 61.6–62.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on a comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains HST01-2RT and HST03T were placed in the radiation of species of the genus Haloarcula. The chemotaxonomic properties of the two strains, i.e. the presence of MK-8 and MK-8(H2) as the major menaquinone components and C20C20 derivatives of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate and a triglycosyl diether as major polar lipids, supported the assignment of the two strains to the genus Haloarcula. Nevertheless, several phenotypic features and the low DNA–DNA relatedness between the two strains and related species of the genus Haloarcula (13.4–46.9 %) enabled the strains to be distinguished from each other and from recognized species. Therefore, strains HST01-2RT and HST03T represent two novel species in the genus Haloarcula, for which the names Haloarcula salaria sp. nov. and Haloarcula tradensis sp. nov. are proposed, respectively. The type strains are HST01-2RT (=BCC 40029T=JCM 15759T=PCU 313T) and HST03T (=BCC 40030T=JCM 15760T=PCU 314T).

A novel strictly aerobic, orange-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative bacterium, designated strain GJ16T, was isolated from coastal seawater of Gangjin Bay, the southernmost part of the Korean peninsula, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. It grew optimally at 25–30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 3 % NaCl. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain GJ16T formed a distinct lineage within the family Flavobacteriaceae and shared less than 91.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with members of the genera Leptobacterium, Zhouia, Winogradskyella, Dokdonia and Krokinobacter. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (40.2 %), iso-C15 : 1 G (12.8 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (11.2 %) and C15 : 0 (6.6 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.4 mol% and the major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, strain GJ16T represents a novel species in a new genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Gangjinia marincola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is GJ16T (=KCTC 22649T =JCM 16082T).

A Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, non-flagellated, oxidase- and catalase-positive, marine bacterium, designated A2T, was isolated from a marine sponge, Hymeniacidon flavia, collected from the coast of Jeju Island, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain A2T was a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Its closest relatives were Formosa agariphila KMM 3901T and Formosa algae KMM 3553T (96.99 and 96.98 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain A2T and F. agariphila KMM 3901T and F. algae KMM 3553T was 14.1 and 26.8 %, respectively. The dominant fatty acids (>5 %) of strain A2T were iso-C15 : 0 (33.9 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (20.8 %), iso-C15 : 1 G (10.5 %) and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (6.1 %). The DNA G+C content of strain A2T was 36.0 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was MK-6. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis, strain A2T represents a novel species of the genus Formosa, for which the name Formosa spongicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A2T (=KCTC 22662T =DSM 22637T).

Two strains of Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, non-motile, aerobic bacteria, designated LW30T and LW29, were isolated from the rhizosphere of a wetland reed in Dongtan, Chongming Island, China. The strains formed pale-yellow colonies on R2A plates. Growth occurred at 4–37 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 6–9 (optimum pH 7–8) and in the presence of 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 0–1 %). Oxidase and catalase activities and flexirubin-type pigments were absent. MK-6 was the major respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c. Strains LW30T and LW29 could be differentiated from related species by several phenotypic characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strains LW30T and LW29 in the genus Flavobacterium with high sequence similarity to Flavobacterium cheniae NJ-26T (94.0 %) and Flavobacterium indicium GPTSA 100-9T (93.9 %). Together with F. indicium GPTSA 100-9T, strains LW30T and LW29 formed a distinct group in the phylogenetic tree. The DNA G+C content was 30 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strains LW30T and LW29 represent a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium dongtanense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LW30T (=KCTC 22671T =CCTCC AB 209201T).

A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding and oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium, designated A6T, was isolated from a marine sponge, Halichondria oshoro, collected on the coast of Jeju Island, South Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain A6T was a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae. The closest relatives were Aquimarina intermedia LMG 23204T, A. latercula ATCC 23177T, A. brevivitae SMK-19T and A. muelleri KMM 6020T, with which strain A6T shared 95.7, 95.1, 94.7 and 94.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively. The dominant fatty acids of strain A6T were iso-C15 : 0 (32.2 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (20.0 %), iso-C15 : 0 3-OH (12.3 %), iso-C15 : 1 G (7.2 %) and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c; 6.8 %). The DNA G+C content of strain A6T was 36.0 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was MK-6. On the basis of combined phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain A6T represents a novel species of the genus Aquimarina, for which the name Aquimarina spongiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A6T (=KCTC 22663T =DSM 22623T).

A strictly anaerobic bacterial strain (WK042T) was isolated from rice-straw residue in a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms in Japan. Cells were Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods. Growth was stimulated well by haemin, and was enhanced by cobalamin (vitamin B12). Strain WK042T utilized arabinose, xylose, glucose, mannose and aesculin as preferred substrates. Maltose, dextrin, glycogen, starch and pectin were also utilized, although growth on these substrates was much slower. The strain produced acetate, propionate and succinate from these saccharides. The strain was slightly alkaliphilic, with optimum growth at pH 7.7. The temperature range for growth was 10–40 °C, the optimum being 35 °C. The strain was sensitive to bile. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C15 : 0. Menaquinone 11 (MK-11) was the major respiratory quinone and the genomic DNA G+C content was 41.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed the strain in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Strain WK042T was related distantly to the type strains of species in the cluster including Bacteroides massiliensis, Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides dorei (91–92 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Based on data from the present phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain WK042T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Bacteroides, for which the name Bacteroides paurosaccharolyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WK042T (=JCM 15092T =DSM 21004T).

Two Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, non-spore-forming cocci (strains MK-7T and MPA-33T) were isolated from poultry houses. Strain MK-7T was isolated on marine broth agar from coquina, a food supplement for female ducks used in a duck-fattening farm. Strain MPA-33T was isolated from the air of a turkey house on TSA after filter sampling. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, both strains were shown to belong to the genus Jeotgalicoccus; MK-7T was most closely related to Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus YKJ-115T (99.3 % similarity) and MPA-33T was most closely related to Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans YKJ-101T (98.8 %). The quinone system of MK-7T was composed of equal amounts of menaquinones MK-7 and MK-6 and that of MPA-33T contained 76 % MK-7 and 24 % MK-6. The polar lipid profile of strain MK-7T consisted of the major compounds diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol and six unidentified lipids present in minor to moderate amounts. In strain MPA-33T, diphosphatidylglycerol was the single predominant lipid, whereas phosphatidylglycerol was detected in moderate amounts. In addition, one unidentified phospholipid and four unidentified lipids were detected. Fatty acid profiles with iso-15 : 0 and anteiso-15 : 0 as major fatty acids supported the affiliation of the strains to the genus Jeotgalicoccus. The results of physiological and biochemical tests as well as DNA–DNA hybridizations allowed clear phenotypic differentiation of strains MK-7T and MPA-33T from the most closely related species. Strains MK-7T and MPA-33T therefore represent novel species, for which the names Jeotgalicoccus coquinae sp. nov. (type strain MK-7T =DSM 22419T =CCM 7682T =CCUG 57956T) and Jeotgalicoccus aerolatus sp. nov. (type strain MPA-33T =DSM 22420T =CCM 7679T =CCUG 57953T) are proposed.

A Gram-positive bacterium (strain CC-YMP-6T) was isolated from soil samples collected from Yang-Ming Mountain, Taiwan. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain CC-YMP-6T clearly belonged to the genus Virgibacillus and was most closely related to the type strains of Virgibacillus halophilus (96.2 % similarity) and Virgibacillus kekensis (96.3 %). The predominant isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone MK-7 and the polar lipid profile was composed of the major components diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified phospholipid plus moderate amounts of two unidentified aminophospholipids and a phospholipid. The polyamine pattern comprised spermidine as the single major component with spermine and putrescine present in minor amounts. The major fatty acids of strain CC-YMP-6T were iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the clear phenotypic differentiation of strain CC-YMP-6T from all recognized species of the genus Virgibacillus. Strain CC-YMP-6T is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Virgibacillus, for which the name Virgibacillus soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-YMP-6T (=DSM 22952T=CCM 7714T).

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacterium, strain CAU 9038T, was isolated from a tidal-flat sediment of DaeYiJac Island, Republic of Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol, the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the dominant cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 51.6 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain belonged to the genus Paenibacillus, with <96.1 % sequence similarity to type strains of Paenibacillus species with validly published names. The most closely related type strains to CAU 9038T were Paenibacillus thailandensis S3-4AT (96.1 % similarity) and Paenibacillus agaridevorans DSM 1355T (95.3 %). The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data clearly indicated that strain CAU 9038T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus chungangensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 9038T (=KCTC 13717T =CCUG 59129T).

A facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming bacterium, designated strain P11-6T, was isolated from soil of a ginseng field located in Geumsan County, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain P11-6T were Gram-stain-negative, catalase-negative, motile rods and produced semi-translucent, circular, white colonies on tryptic soy agar. The isolate contained MK-7 as the only menaquinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown aminophosphoglycolipid, an unknown aminophospholipid, two unknown phospholipids, three unknown glycolipids and three unknown lipids were detected in the polar lipid profile. The DNA G+C content of strain P11-6T was 41.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain P11-6T was most closely related to Fontibacillus aquaticus GPTSA 19T (97.2 % sequence similarity) and that it formed a separate lineage with F. aquaticus in the family Paenibacillaceae. Combined phenotypic and DNA–DNA hybridization data supported the conclusion that strain P11-6T represents a novel species in the genus Fontibacillus, for which the name Fontibacillus panacisegetis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is P11-6T (=KCTC 13564T =CECT 7605T).

A group of 16 isolates with genotypic characteristics different from those of known species of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex were cultured from ear biopsies of the rodents Peromyscus gossypinus and Neotoma floridana trapped at five localities in South Carolina, USA, and from the tick Ixodes minor feeding on N. floridana. Multilocus sequence analysis of members of the novel species, involving the 16S rRNA gene, the 5S–23S (rrf–rrl) intergenic spacer region and the flagellin, ospA and p66 genes, was conducted and published previously and was used to clarify the taxonomic status of the novel group of B. burgdorferi sensu lato isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated sequences of the five analysed genomic loci showed that the 16 isolates clustered together but separately from other species in the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The analysed group therefore represents a novel species, formally described here as Borrelia carolinensis sp. nov., with the type strain SCW-22T (=ATCC BAA-1773T =DSM 22119T).

Two freshwater isolates (WB4.1-19T and WB4.4-101), sharing 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, were highly related to Aeromonas sobria (99.7 % similarity; 6 bp differences). A phylogenetic tree derived from a multi-locus phylogenetic analysis (MLPA) of the concatenated sequences of five housekeeping genes (gyrB, rpoD, recA, dnaJ and gyrA; 3684 bp) revealed that both strains clustered as an independent phylogenetic line next to members of Aeromonas molluscorum and Aeromonas bivalvium. The DNA–DNA reassociation value between the two new isolates was 89.3 %. Strain WB4.1-19T had a DNA–DNA relatedness value of <70 % with the type strains of the other species tested. Phenotypic characterization differentiated the two novel strains from all other type strains of species of the genus Aeromonas. It is concluded that the two new strains represent a novel species of the genus Aeromonas, for which the name Aeromonas rivuli sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain WB4.1-19T (=CECT 7518T=DSM 22539T=MDC 2511T).