- Volume 60, Issue 2, 2010
Volume 60, Issue 2, 2010
- Notification List
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Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 59, part 11, of the IJSEM
This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Citricoccus parietis sp. nov., isolated from a mould-colonized wall and emended description of Citricoccus alkalitolerans Li et al. 2005
More LessA Gram-positive, coccoid-shaped organism (strain 02-Je-010T), forming yellow-pigmented colonies was isolated from the wall of an indoor environment. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, it was shown that strain 02-Je-010T belongs to the genus Citricoccus with sequence similarities of 98.9 % to Citricoccus alkalitolerans DSM 15665T and 98.6 % to Citricoccus muralis DSM 14442T. Cell-wall sugars were mannose and glucose. The diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan was lysine. The major menaquinones detected were MK-9(H2) and MK-8(H2). The polar lipid profile consisted of the major lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol and moderate amounts of two unknown phospholipids and two unknown glycolipids. The fatty acid profile comprised major amounts of anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. All these data supported the affiliation of strain 02-Je-010T to the genus Citricoccus. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain 02-Je-010T from the two recognized Citricoccus species. For these reasons, strain 02-Je-010T represents a novel species, for which the name Citricoccus parietis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain 02-Je-010T (=CCUG 57388T=CCM 7609T).
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Prauserella muralis sp. nov., from the indoor environment
More LessA novel Gram-stain-positive, mycelium-forming actinobacterium (05-Be-005T) isolated from the wall of an indoor environment was studied for its taxonomic position. The isolated strain formed a substrate mycelium that fragmented into rod-shaped cells and showed an aerial mycelium on medium M79. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain 05-Be-005T was shown to belong to the genus Prauserella, closely related to Prauserella rugosa DSM 43194T (96.6 % similarity), Prauserella alba YIM 90005T (95.9 %) and Prauserella halophila YIM 90001T (95.4 %). The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4); whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid of the cell wall and arabinose and galactose as the main sugars. Mycolic acids were absent. The polar lipid profile consisted of the lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine and an unknown phospholipid. Major fatty acids C16 : 0 iso, C16 : 0, C17 : 1 ω8c and C17 : 1 ω6c supported the affiliation of strain 05-Be-005T to the genus Prauserella. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed clear phenotypic differentiation of strain 05-Be-005T from the three known Prauserella species. Strain 05-Be-005T represents a novel Prauserella species, for which we propose the name Prauserella muralis sp. nov., with the type strain 05-Be-005T (=CCUG 57426T =NRRL B-24780T =CCM 7635T=DSM 45305T).
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Lechevalieria atacamensis sp. nov., Lechevalieria deserti sp. nov. and Lechevalieria roselyniae sp. nov., isolated from hyperarid soils
More LessThe taxonomic positions of three Lechevalieria-like strains isolated from hyperarid soils of the Atacama Desert, Chile, were established by using a polyphasic approach. The organisms had chemical and morphological properties consistent with their classification in the genus Lechevalieria. They formed a distinct subclade in the Lechevalieria 16S rRNA gene clade and were most closely related to the type strain of Lechevalieria xinjiangensis. DNA–DNA relatedness data showed that each of the isolates and Lechevalieria xinjiangensis DSM 45081T belong to distinct genomic species. The new isolates and the type strains of recognized Lechevalieria species were readily distinguished based on a number of phenotypic properties. A combination of the genotypic and phenotypic data showed that the three isolates represent three novel species of the genus Lechevalieria. The names proposed for these taxa are Lechevalieria atacamensis sp. nov. (type strain C61T =CGMCC 4.5536T =NRRL B-24706T), Lechevalieria deserti sp. nov. (type strain C68T =CGMCC 4.5535T =NRRL B-24707T) and Lechevalieria roselyniae sp. nov. (type strain C81T =CGMCC 4.5537T =NRRL B-24708T).
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Brevibacterium pityocampae sp. nov., isolated from caterpillars of Thaumetopoea pityocampa (Lepidoptera, Thaumetopoeidae)
More LessThis work deals with the taxonomic study of a bacterium, strain Tp12T, isolated from caterpillars of the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775; Lepidoptera, Thaumetopoeidae). The isolate was assigned to the genus Brevibacterium on the basis of a polyphasic taxonomic study, including morphological and biochemical characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, fatty acid analysis and DNA G+C content. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to this isolate was approximately 96 %, with the type strains of Brevibacterium album and Brevibacterium samyangense. Cellular fatty acids of the isolate are of the branched type, with the major components being anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 69.8 mol%. Although the strain was related to B. album and B. samyangense according to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it differed from any known species of Brevibacterium. Based on this evidence, the novel species Brevibacterium pityocampae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain Tp12T (=DSM 21720T =NCCB 100255T) as the type strain.
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Micromonospora pisi sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Pisum sativum
More LessA novel actinomycete, designated strain GUI 15T, isolated from the root nodules of a Pisum sativum plant was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain GUI 15T showed highest similarity to Micromonospora pattaloongensis TJ2-2T (98.7 %) and Polymorphospora rubra TT 97-42T (98.5 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gyrase B gene also supported the close relationship of these three strains, but indicated that strain GUI 15T should be assigned to the genus Micromonospora. Chemotaxonomic results confirmed the position of the isolate in the genus Micromonospora, but revealed differences at the species level. The novel strain could be distinguished from recognized Micromonospora species by using a combination of physiological and biochemical tests. Based on these observations, strain GUI 15T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Micromonospora, for which the name Micromonospora pisi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GUI 15T (=DSM 45175T=LMG 24546T).
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Kribbella ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field
More LessA Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, aerobic bacterium, designated Gsoil 001T, was isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in Pocheon province, South Korea. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain Gsoil 001T was shown to belong to the genus Kribbella. The closest phylogenetic relatives were Kribbella koreensis LM 161T (99.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Kribbella flavida KACC 20248T (98.8 %) and Kribbella alba (98.8%). Lower similarity (98.4–96.9 %) was found with the other recognized species of the genus Kribbella. The major quinone was MK-9(H4), the major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid. These chemotaxonomic data and the high genomic DNA G+C content (66.3 mol%) supported the affiliation of strain Gsoil 001T to the genus Kribbella. The results of physiological and biochemical tests differentiated strain Gsoil 001T genotypically and phenotypically from the Kribbella species with validly published names. Therefore, this isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Kribbella ginsengisoli sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain Gsoil 001T (=KCTC 19134T =DSM 17941T).
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Rhodococcus jialingiae sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from sludge of a carbendazim wastewater treatment facility
More LessA novel carbendazim-degrading actinobacterium, designated djl-6-2T, was isolated from the sludge of a carbendazim wastewater treatment facility in Jiangsu province, China. The morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of the isolate were typical of members of the genus Rhodococcus. Strain djl-6-2T formed a coherent cluster with Rhodococcus qingshengii djl-6T, Rhodococcus baikonurensis DSM 44587T, Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM 43066T and Rhodococcus globerulus DSM 43954T in 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization with the above strains (27.7, 19.3, 18.6 and 10.6 % relatedness, respectively), in combination with differences in biochemical and physiological properties, suggest that strain djl-6-2T should be classified within a novel species of the genus Rhodococcus, for which the name Rhodococcus jialingiae sp. nov. is proposed, with djl-6-2T (=DSM 45257T =CCTCC AB 208292T) as the type strain.
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Nocardioides panacisoli sp. nov., isolated from the soil of a ginseng field
More LessA Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (Gsoil 346T) was isolated from the soil of a ginseng field in South Korea and was characterized in order to determine its taxonomic position. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain Gsoil 346T was shown to belong to the genus Nocardioides in the family Nocardioidaceae, with the most closely related species being Nocardioides aquiterrae GW-9T (96.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity); however, the strain clustered in a distinct branch of the phylogenetic tree with Nocardioides kongjuensis A2-4T (96.2 %), Nocardioides aromaticivorans H-1T (96.1 %), Nocardioides nitrophenolicus NSP41T (96.1 %) and Nocardioides simplex ATCC 15799T (95.9 %). Strain Gsoil 346T was characterized chemotaxonomically and found to have ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids, MK-8(H4) as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c and C17 : 1 ω8c as the major fatty acids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of the novel strain was 73.0 mol%. These chemotaxonomic properties supported the placement of strain Gsoil 346T in the genus Nocardioides. The results of physiological and biochemical tests, along with the phylogenetic analysis, allowed strain Gsoil 346T to be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from recognized species of the genus Nocardioides. Therefore, strain Gsoil 346T represents a novel species, for which the name Nocardioides panacisoli sp. nov. is proposed, with Gsoil 346T (=KCTC 19470T=DSM 21348T) as the type strain.
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Dietzia aerolata sp. nov., isolated from the air of a duck barn, and emended description of the genus Dietzia Rainey et al. 1995
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, coccoid, non-endospore-forming actinobacterium (Sj14aT) was isolated from the air of a duck barn on tryptone soy agar after filter sampling. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain Sj14aT was shown to belong to the genus Dietzia and was most closely related to Dietzia schimae (98.7 %), Dietzia cercidiphylli (98.4 %) and Dietzia maris (98.6 %). The major menaquinone was MK-8 (H2). The polar lipid profile included the major components diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, an unknown polar lipid and two unknown glycolipids. Phosphatidylinositol and two phosphatidylinositol mannosides, as well as several other unknown lipids, were also detected. The polyamine pattern contained the major compounds spermine and spermidine. The fatty acid profile, containing C16 : 0, C17 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c and 10-methyl C18 : 0 as major fatty acids, supported the affiliation of strain Sj14aT to the genus Dietzia. The results of physiological and biochemical tests and DNA–DNA hybridizations allowed a clear phenotypic differentiation of strain Sj14aT from the most closely related species of the genus Dietzia. Strain Sj14aT represents a novel species, for which the name Dietzia aerolata sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain Sj14aT (=DSM 45334T =CCM 7659T).
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Amycolatopsis tucumanensis sp. nov., a copper-resistant actinobacterium isolated from polluted sediments
A novel actinomycete strain, ABOT, isolated from copper-polluted sediments showed remarkable copper resistance as well as high bioaccumulation abilities. Classical taxonomic methods, including chemotaxonomy and molecular techniques, were used to characterize the isolate. Strain ABOT developed a honey-yellow substrate mycelium on all ISP media tested. Abundant, white, aerial mycelium was only formed on ISP 2, 5 and 7 and MM agar. Both types of hyphae fragmented into squarish rod-shaped elements. The aerial mycelium displayed spore-like structures with smooth surfaces in long, straight to flexuous chains. The organism has a type-IV cell wall lacking mycolic acids and type-A whole-cell sugar pattern (meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose) in addition to a phospholipid type-II profile. 16S rRNA gene sequence studies indicated that this organism is a member of the family Pseudonocardiaceae and that it forms a monophyletic clade with Amycolatopsis eurytherma NT202T. The DNA–DNA relatedness of strain ABOT to A. eurytherma DSM 44348T was 39.5 %. It is evident from these genotypic and phenotypic data that strain ABOT represents a novel species in the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name proposed is Amycolatopsis tucumanensis sp. nov. The type strain is ABOT (=DSM 45259T =LMG 24814T).
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Mycobacterium paraseoulense sp. nov., a slowly growing, scotochromogenic species related genetically to Mycobacterium seoulense
A previously unidentified, slowly growing, scotochromogenic Mycobacterium species, represented by strain 31118T, was discovered during hsp65 sequence-based reidentification of Korean clinical isolates that had been previously identified as Mycobacterium scrofulaceum by conventional biochemical tests. Although the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain 31118T was identical to that of the recently described Mycobacterium seoulense, phylogenetic analyses based on three independent alternative targets (rpoB, hsp65 and the 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer) showed that it was closely related to M. seoulense but was a distinct phylogenetic entity. Furthermore, the phenetic characteristics of this strain were more similar to those of M. scrofulaceum than to those of M. seoulense. Taken together, these results support the conclusion that this strain represents a novel mycobacterium species, for which the name Mycobacterium paraseoulense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 31118T (=DSM 45000T =KCTC 19145T).
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Dietzia timorensis sp. nov., isolated from soil
An actinomycete strain, ID05-A0528T, was isolated using the SDS-yeast extract pre-treatment method from soil under mahogany (Swietenia mahogani) trees in West Timor, Indonesia, and was examined by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characterizations demonstrated that the novel strain belongs to the genus Dietzia. 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies showed that the strain was related to Dietzia cinnamea (97.2 %). Results of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses determined that strain ID05-A0528T is different from the known species of the genus Dietzia. It is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Dietzia, with the name Dietzia timorensis sp. nov. The type strain is ID05-A0528T (=BTCC B-560T =NBRC 104184T).
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- Archaea
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Methanobacterium veterum sp. nov., from ancient Siberian permafrost
More LessA methanogenic archaeon, strain MK4T, was isolated from ancient permafrost after long-term selective anaerobic cultivation. The cells were rods, 2.0–8.0 μm long and 0.40–0.45 μm wide, and stained Gram-negative. Optimal growth was observed at 28 °C and pH 7.0–7.2 and in 0.05 M NaCl. The isolate used H2 plus CO2, methylamine plus H2 and methanol plus H2 as sources for growth and methanogenesis. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain showed close affinity with Methanobacterium bryantii (similarity >99 % to the type strain). On the basis of the level of DNA–DNA hybridization (62 %) between strain MK4T and Methanobacterium bryantii VKM B-1629T and phenotypic and phylogenetic differences, strain MK4T was assigned to a novel species of the genus Methanobacterium, Methanobacterium veterum sp. nov., with the type strain MK4T (=DSM 19849T =VKM B-2440T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Flavobacterium algicola sp. nov., isolated from marine algae
A rod-shaped Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, aerobic and fucoidan-digesting strain, designated TC2T, was isolated from marine algae collected from the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk at Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan. The bacterium formed yellow, translucent, circular and convex colonies. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Flavobacterium, with the highest sequence similarities of 97.1 to 97.3 % to the type strains of Flavobacterium frigidarium, Flavobacterium frigoris, Flavobacterium limicola and Flavobacterium psychrolimnae. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain TC2T and the above-mentioned species were lower than 28 %. The genomic DNA G+C content was 33.9 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (which comprises iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c). Strain TC2T could be differentiated from related species by several phenotypic characteristics. Thus, on the basis of these results, strain TC2T represents a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium algicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TC2T (=NBRC 102673T =CIP 109574T).
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Flavobacterium fluvii sp. nov., isolated from stream sediment
More LessAn aerobic, yellow-pigmented, Gram-staining-negative bacterium, designated strain H7T, was isolated from sediment of Gazwa stream in Jinju city, South Korea. Cells of strain H7T were non-motile, straight rods that produced flexirubin pigments and showed catalase- and oxidase activities. Strain H7T contained iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH) as the main fatty acids and menaquinone-6 (MK-6) as the major isoprenoid quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain H7T was 37.2 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain H7T formed a distinct phyletic line within the genus Flavobacterium. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the novel strain was most closely related to Flavobacterium limicola ST-82T and Flavobacterium resistens BD-b365T with 97.2 % and 97.0 % gene sequence similarities, respectively. The DNA–DNA relatedness of the novel strain with these species was only 18 % and 14 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic data and molecular properties, strain H7T represents a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium fluvii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H7T (=KACC 12818T=DSM 19978T).
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Hyunsoonleella jejuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seawater
A novel marine, Gram-staining-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated CNU004T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected on the coastline of Jeju Island, South Korea. The strain was strictly aerobic, non-flagellated, non-gliding and oxidase- and catalase-positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CNU004T belongs to a distinct lineage in the family Flavobacteriaceae. Strain CNU004T exhibited levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 93.8–93.9 % to its nearest phylogenetic neighbours, members of the genera Gaetbulibacter, Yeosuana and Algibacter. The new isolate required sea salts or artificial seawater for growth. The optimum ranges of temperature and pH for growth were 30–35 °C and pH 7.0–8.0. The DNA G+C content of strain CNU004T was 37.7 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH. Menaquinone-6 was the major respiratory quinone. Zeaxanthin was the major carotenoid pigment produced, and flexirubin-type pigments were not produced. Strain CNU004T was able to degrade starch and agar. Based on its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and on the phylogenetic evidence presented, strain CNU004T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Hyunsoonleella jejuensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Hyunsoonleella jejuensis sp. nov. is CNU004T (=KCTC 22242T =DSM 21035T).
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Chryseobacterium palustre sp. nov. and Chryseobacterium humi sp. nov., isolated from industrially contaminated sediments
More LessTwo Gram-staining-negative bacterial strains, designated 3A10T and ECP37T, were isolated from sediment samples collected from an industrially contaminated site in northern Portugal. These two organisms were rod-shaped, non-motile, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive and formed yellow colonies. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1 ω9c and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The G+C content of the DNA of strains 3A10T and ECP37T was 43 and 34 mol%, respectively. The major isoprenoid quinone of the two strains was MK-6. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strains 3A10T and ECP37T were members of the family Flavobacteriaceae and were related phylogenetically to the genus Chryseobacterium. Strain 3A10T showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.2 and 96.6 % to the type strains of Chryseobacterium antarcticum and Chryseobacterium jeonii, respectively; strain ECP37T showed 97.3 % similarity to the type strain of Chryseobacterium marinum. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed levels of genomic relatedness of <70 % between strains 3A10T and ECP37T and between these two strains and the type strains of C. marinum, C. antarcticum and C. jeonii, justifying their classification as representing two novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium. The names proposed for these organisms are Chryseobacterium palustre sp. nov. (type strain 3A10T =LMG 24685T =NBRC 104928T) and Chryseobacterium humi sp. nov. (type strain ECP37T =LMG 24684T =NBRC 104927T).
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Flavobacterium caeni sp. nov., isolated from a sequencing batch reactor for the treatment of malachite green effluents
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, heterotrophic, aerobic, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacterial strain, designated LM5T, was isolated from activated sludge from a sequencing batch reactor for the treatment of effluents contaminated by malachite green. The taxonomy of strain LM5T was studied by phenotypic and phylogenetic methods. Strain LM5T formed orange colonies on R2A and YP plates. Cells were rods, 0.4–0.6 μm in diameter and 0.8–1.2 μm in length. Growth occurred at 10–35 °C (optimum, 20–25 °C), at pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.5) and in the presence of 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0.5 %). Oxidase and catalase activities were present. Flexirubin-type pigments were present, but extracellular glycans were absent. MK-6 was the major respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (28.3 %) and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c (13.8 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain LM5T was a member of the genus Flavobacterium with highest sequence similarity to Flavobacterium soli DS-6T (93.2 %) and Flavobacterium lindanitolerans IP-10T (92.9 %). Together with F. lindanitolerans IP-10T, strain LM5T formed a distinct lineage in the phylogenetic tree. The DNA G+C content was 52±0.6 mol% (HPLC), which is significantly higher than that of other species of the genus Flavobacterium (30–41 mol%). Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strain LM5T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium caeni sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is LM5T (=CGMCC 1.7031T=NBRC 104239T).
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- Firmicutes And Related Organisms
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Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov., a xylan-degrading bacterium isolated from forest humus
More LessA novel xylan-degrading bacterium, designated XDB9T, was isolated from forest humus collected from Gyeryong Mountain in Korea. Cells were Gram-positive, aerobic, motile and endospore-forming rods. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain XDB9T was most closely related to members of the genus Lysinibacillus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain XDB9T and the type strains of species of the genus Lysinibacillus ranged from 98.0 to 98.5 %. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type of strain XDB9T was A4α, which is based on l-Lys–d-Asp. Strain XDB9T contained iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 1 ω7c alcohol as the major fatty acids and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 37.2 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization results and differential phenotypic properties showed that strain XDB9T could be distinguished from recognized species of the genus Lysinibacillus. It was concluded that strain XDB9T represents a new taxon for which the name Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XDB9T (=KCTC 13423T=CCUG 57438T).
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Virgibacillus byunsanensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern
More LessA Gram-variable, motile, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterial strain, ISL-24T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern of the Yellow Sea, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic study. Strain ISL-24T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 30–37 °C and in the presence of 8 % (w/v) NaCl. It contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 as the predominant fatty acid. The DNA G+C content was 37.6 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ISL-24T fell within the genus Virgibacillus, clustering with Virgibacillus carmonensis LMG 20964T and Virgibacillus necropolis LMG 19488T, with a bootstrap resampling value of 92.3 %, and exhibiting 97.3 and 97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively, to these strains. Strain ISL-24T exhibited 94.8–96.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of the other Virgibacillus species. Mean DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain ISL-24T and V. carmonensis DSM 14868T and V. necropolis DSM 14866T were 11 and 19 %, respectively. Differential phenotypic properties of strain ISL-24T, together with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that this strain is different from recognized Virgibacillus species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strain ISL-24T represents a novel species of the genus Virgibacillus, for which the name Virgibacillus byunsanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ISL-24T (=KCTC 13259T =CCUG 56754T).
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Clostridium hydrogeniformans sp. nov. and Clostridium cavendishii sp. nov., hydrogen-producing bacteria from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater
More LessFour hydrogen-producing, aerotolerant, anaerobic bacterial strains isolated from chlorinated solvent-contaminated groundwater were characterized using a polyphasic approach. Three of the strains, designated BL-18, BL-19 and BL-20T, were found to be identical in 16S rRNA gene sequences and in phenotypic properties. Cells of these strains are Gram-positive-staining, spore-forming, motile rods with peritrichous flagella. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C, pH 5.0–10.0 and at NaCl concentrations up to 5 % (w/v). Acid was produced in fermentation of cellobiose, fructose, galactose (weak), glucose, maltose and salicin. Products of fermentation in PYG medium were acetate, butyrate, ethanol, formate, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Dominant cellular fatty acids when grown in PYG medium were C13 : 0 iso, C16 : 0, C13 : 0 anteiso, C15 : 0 iso and C15 : 0 anteiso. The genomic DNA G+C content was 30.4 mol%. These isolates can be differentiated from their closest phylogenetic relative, the cluster I Clostridium species Clostridium frigidicarnis (97.2 % similar to the type strain in 16S rRNA gene sequence), on the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties. The other strain characterized in this study, BL-28T, was Gram-positive-staining with spore-forming, rod-shaped cells. Growth occurred at 15–46 °C, pH 6.0–8.5 and at NaCl concentrations up to 3 % (w/v). Acid was produced from cellobiose, dextran, fructose (weak), glucose, maltose, salicin and trehalose. End products of PYG fermentation included acetate, butyrate, pyruvate, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Dominant cellular fatty acids from cells grown in PYG medium at 30 °C were C14 : 0, C14 : 0 dimethyl aldehyde, C16 : 0 and C12 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 28.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain BL-28T falls within cluster I of the genus Clostridium, but with ≤95.2 % identity with previously described species. On the basis of results presented here, strains BL-20T (=NRRL B-51348T =DSM 21757T) and BL-28T (=NRRL B-51352T =DSM 21758T) are proposed as the type strains of novel species of the genus Clostridium with the names Clostridium hydrogeniformans sp. nov. and Clostridium cavendishii sp. nov., respectively.
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Fontibacillus aquaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a warm spring
More LessA novel facultatively anaerobic strain, designated GPTSA 19T, was isolated from a warm spring and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain behaved as Gram-negative in the Gram staining procedure but showed a Gram-positive reaction in the aminopeptidase test. The novel strain was a mesophilic rod with ellipsoidal endospores. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the strain showed closest similarity (96.0 %) with Paenibacillus motobuensis MC10T. The gene sequence similarity of the novel strain with other species of the genus Paenibacillus was <95.8 %. The novel strain also had PAEN 515F and 682F signature sequence stretches in the 16S rRNA gene that are usually found in most species of the genus Paenibacillus. The strain possessed anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. Polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), six unknown phospholipids (PLs), one aminophospholipid (PN), three glycolipids (GLs), two aminolipids (ALs), one aminophosphoglycolipid (APGL) and three unknown lipids (ULs). The polar lipid profile of the novel strain, especially as regards ALs, GLs and PLs, distinguished it from the recognized type species of the genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, as well as from its closest relative P. motobuensis. Based on phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the new strain merits the rank of a novel genus for which the name Fontibacillus gen. nov. is proposed. The type species of the new genus is Fontibacillus aquaticus gen. nov., sp. nov. with the type strain GPTSA 19T (=MTCC 7155T=DSM 17643T).
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Alkalibacillus flavidus sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, ISL-17T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern of the Yellow Sea, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by means of a polyphasic study. Strain ISL-17T grew optimally at pH 8.5–9.0, at 37 °C and in the presence of approximately 10 % (w/v) NaCl. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the peptidoglycan, MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 48.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain ISL-17T fell within the genus Alkalibacillus, clustering with Alkalibacillus salilacus BH163T with a bootstrap resampling value of 100 %. Strain ISL-17T exhibited 98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to A. salilacus BH163T and 95.8–96.5 % similarity to the type strains of the other Alkalibacillus species. The mean DNA–DNA relatedness value between strain ISL-17T and A. salilacus KCTC 3916T was 19 %. The phenotypic properties of strain ISL-17T, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, enable this strain to be differentiated from recognized Alkalibacillus species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strain ISL-17T represents a novel species within the genus Alkalibacillus, for which the name Alkalibacillus flavidus sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is ISL-17T (=KCTC 13258T =CCUG 56753T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Bryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov., a peat-inhabiting, aerobic chemo-organotroph from subdivision 3 of the Acidobacteria
More LessBryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate three strains of slowly growing, chemo-organotrophic bacteria isolated from acidic Sphagnum peat bogs. These bacteria were strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, colourless, non-motile coccoids or short rods that multiplied by normal cell division and formed irregularly shaped cell aggregates. Strains MPL3T, MPL1011 and MOB76 were acidotolerant, mesophilic organisms capable of growth at pH 4.5–7.2 and between 4 and 33 °C (optimum growth at pH 5.5–6.5 and 22–28 °C). The preferred growth substrates were sugars, some heteropolysaccharides and galacturonic and glucuronic acids, which are released during decomposition of Sphagnum moss. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c); the major quinones were MK-9 and MK-10. The DNA G+C content was 55.5–56.5 mol%. Strains MPL3T, MPL1011 and MOB76 possessed nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and belonged to the phylum Acidobacteria. They represent the first taxonomically characterized members of acidobacterial subdivision 3 and display only 81.7–86.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other members of the Acidobacteria with validly published names. Therefore, strains MPL3T, MPL1011 and MOB76 are classified as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Bryobacter aggregatus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; strain MPL3T (=ATCC BAA-1390T =DSM 18758T) is the type strain of Bryobacter aggregatus.
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Thermocrinis minervae sp. nov., a hydrogen- and sulfur-oxidizing, thermophilic member of the Aquificales from a Costa Rican terrestrial hot spring
More LessA thermophilic bacterium, designated strain CR11T, was isolated from a filamentous sample collected from a terrestrial hot spring on the south-western foothills of the Rincón volcano in Costa Rica. The Gram-negative cells are approximately 2.4–3.9 μm long and 0.5–0.6 μm wide and are motile rods with polar flagella. Strain CR11T grows between 65 and 85 °C (optimum 75 °C, doubling time 4.5 h) and between pH 4.8 and 7.8 (optimum pH 5.9–6.5). The isolate grows chemolithotrophically with S0, or H2 as the electron donor and with O2 (up to 16 %, v/v) as the sole electron acceptor. The isolate can grow on mannose, glucose, maltose, succinate, peptone, Casamino acids, starch, citrate and yeast extract in the presence of oxygen (4 %) and S0. Growth occurs only at NaCl concentrations below 0.4 % (w/v). The G+C content of strain CR11T is 40.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence places the strain as a close relative of Thermocrinis ruber OC 1/4T (95.7 % sequence similarity). Based on phylogenetic and physiological characteristics, we propose the name Thermocrinis minervae sp. nov., with CR11T (=DSM 19557T =ATCC BAA-1533T) as the type strain.
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- Proteobacteria
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Leisingera nanhaiensis sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment
An aerobic, Gram-staining-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, strain NH52FT, was isolated from a sandy sediment sample taken from the South China Sea. On M2 agar medium (a complex medium), colonies were beige in colour. The isolate showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to members of the genera Leisingera (96.7 % similarity), Phaeobacter (95.4–96.0 %) and Marinovum (94.1 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NH52FT formed a distinct cluster with Leisingera methylohalidivorans MB2T and Leisingera aquimarina LMG 24366T. Optimal growth was observed at pH 7.0-8.5 and 25 °C and the new isolate required the presence of 1–4 % (w/v) NaCl. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 2-OH, C10 : 0 3-OH, C12 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 and 11-methyl C18 : 1 ω7c. The DNA G+C content was 60.5 mol%. The phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain NH52FT were similar to those of the genus Leisingera. However, the differences in phenotypic properties and the 16S rRNA gene similarity values demonstrated that the new isolate differed from recognized species of the genus Leisingera. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, this organism should be classified as a representative of a novel species in the genus Leisingera, for which the name Leisingera nanhaiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NH52FT (=LMG 24841T=CCTCC AB 208316T=MCCC 1A04178T).
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Altererythrobacter marensis sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA novel Gram-negative bacterium, designated MSW-14T, was isolated from seawater collected around Mara Island, Jeju, Republic of Korea. The organism was motile by means of a flagellum and showed optimum growth at 0–4 % NaCl, 30 °C and pH 7.1. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate belonged to the family Erythrobacteraceae. The strain's closest phylogenetic neighbours were Altererythrobacter epoxidivorans JCS350T (97.7 % sequence similarity), Altererythrobacter luteolus SW-109T (97.3 %) and Altererythrobacter indicus MSSRF26T (95.0 %). The dominant cellular fatty acid was C18 : 1 (summed feature 7, 52.8 %). The major ubiquinone was UQ-10. The DNA G+C content was 63.1 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain MSW-14T and A. epoxidivorans KCCM 42314T and A. luteolus KCTC 12311T were 26.0–27.3 % and 9.8–15.2 %, respectively. On the basis of the data from the polyphasic characterization, strain MSW-14T represents a novel species, for which the name Altererythrobacter marensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MSW-14T (=KCTC 22370T=DSM 21428T).
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Aestuariibacter litoralis sp. nov., isolated from a sandy sediment of the Sea of Japan
More LessThe phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of an aerobic, Gram-negative, motile, non-pigmented Alteromonas-like bacterium (designated strain KMM 3894T), isolated from a sandy sediment sample collected offshore of the Sea of Japan, were investigated. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain KMM 3894T belonged to the genus Aestuariibacter and was most closely related to Aestuariibacter halophilus JC2043T (95.5 % sequence similarity). Fatty acid analysis showed C16 : 1 ω7c, C18 : 1 ω7c, and C16 : 0 as the dominant components. Strain KMM 3894T could be differentiated from recognized species of the genus Aestuariibacter by its ability to grow at 4 °C and at 30 °C, the optimum temperature for growth, and its inability to utilize most carbohydrates. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain KMM 3894T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Aestuariibacter, for which the name Aestuariibacter litoralis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMM 3894T (=NRIC 0754T=JCM 15896T).
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Ochrobactrum pituitosum sp. nov., isolated from an industrial environment
More LessStrain CCUG 50899, a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, motile bacterium isolated from industrial environment in Sweden and tentatively assigned to the species Ochrobactrum anthropi, was studied in order to clarify its taxonomic status. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities placed the strain in the genus Ochrobactrum, sharing highest similarity with the type strains of Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae (99.3 %), Ochrobactrum thiophenivorans (98.7 %), Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense (98.6 %) and Ochrobactrum grignonense (98.5 %). The fatty acid profile of [O. anthropi] CCUG 50899 (major fatty acids C18 : 1 ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and presence of C18 : 1 2-OH), the polar lipid profile (diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown aminolipids and an unknown phospholipid), the presence of the quinone system ubiquinone Q-10 and a polyamine pattern with the major compounds putrescine and spermidine and moderate amounts of sym-homospermidine supported its affiliation to the genus Ochrobactrum. DNA–DNA reassociation experiments with the type strains of its closest relatives O. rhizosphaerae, O. pseudogrignonense, O. thiophenivorans and O. grignonense demonstrated that [O. anthropi] CCUG 50899 should be placed in a novel species, which is distinguishable from related species by a set of biochemical traits. Based on these data, reclassification of [O. anthropi] CCUG 50899 as the type strain of a novel species appears to be justified. Hence, we describe a novel species to accommodate this strain, for which we propose the name Ochrobactrum pituitosum sp. nov. The type strain is CCUG 50899T (=DSM 22207T).
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Xenophilus aerolatus sp. nov., isolated from air
More LessA novel aerobic, Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain designated 5516S-2T was isolated from an air sample taken in Suwon, Republic of Korea. Colonies were yellow-pigmented and circular with entire margins. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 5516S-2T was closely related to Xylophilus ampelinus DSM 7250T (97.6 % sequence similarity), Variovorax soli KACC 11579T (97.5 %) and Xenophilus azovorans DSM 13620T (97.1 %). However, the phylogenetic tree indicated that strain 5516S-2T formed a separate clade from Xenophilus azovorans. Strain 5516S-2T displayed 42, 31 and 30 % DNA–DNA relatedness to the type strains of Xenophilus azovorans, Xylophilus ampelinus and V. soli, respectively. The major fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids) were C16 : 0 (33.3 %), C17 : 0 cyclo (18.8 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (17.5 %) and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH; 13.0 %). The DNA G+C content was 69 mol%. The major quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and two unknown aminophospholipids. Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics clearly distinguished strain 5516S-2T from closely related species and indicated that it represents a novel species within the genus Xenophilus, for which the name Xenophilus aerolatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5516S-2T (=KACC 12602T=DSM 19424T).
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Halomonas xinjiangensis sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from a salt lake
More LessA novel bacterium, TRM 0175T, belonging to the genus Halomonas, was isolated from a soil sample taken from a salt lake in Xinjiang Province, north-west China. The isolate was Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile by means of peritrichous flagella. It was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Growth occurred at NaCl concentrations of 0–20 % (optimum at 10–13 %), at 15–50 °C (optimum at 37 °C) and at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum at pH 7.0). Metabolism was respiratory with oxygen as terminal electron acceptor. Acid was produced from d-ribose, d- and l-arabinose, d-xylose, d-galactose, d-mannose, l-rhamnose, cellobiose, maltose, trehalose and d- and l-fucose and was produced weakly from aesculin. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-9. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 60.0 mol%. The affiliation of strain TRM 0175T with the genus Halomonas was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons. The most closely related species was Halomonas anticariensis; 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between H. anticariensis FP35T and strain TRM 0175T was 95.3 %. Phenotypically, some characteristics of TRM 0175T differed from those of H. anticariensis. On the basis of data from this polyphasic study, strain TRM 0175T represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas xinjiangensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is TRM 0175T (=CCTCC AB 208329T =KCTC 22608T).
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Halomonas stevensii sp. nov., Halomonas hamiltonii sp. nov. and Halomonas johnsoniae sp. nov., isolated from a renal care centre
More LessA total of 14 Halomonas strains were isolated from the blood of two patients and from dialysis machines of a renal care centre. The strains were Gram-negative, halophilic, motile and non-spore-forming rods. They produced cream-coloured colonies and contained Q-9 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1 ω7c and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the 14 isolates were most closely related to Halomonas magadiensis 21 MIT with 98.1–98.9 % sequence similarity and that they formed three separate lineages among themselves. Combined phenotypic and DNA–DNA hybridization data support the conclusion that they represent three novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the names Halomonas stevensii sp. nov. (type strain S18214T=KCTC 22148T=DSM 21198T), Halomonas hamiltonii sp. nov. (type strain W1025T=KCTC 22154T=DSM 21196T) and Halomonas johnsoniae sp. nov. (type strain T68687T=KCTC 22157T=DSM 21197T) are proposed.
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Sphingobium faniae sp. nov., a pyrethroid-degrading bacterium isolated from activated sludge treating wastewater from pyrethroid manufacture
More LessA bacterial strain capable of degrading pyrethroid, designated JZ-2T, was isolated from activated sludge treating pyrethroid-contaminated wastewater. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JZ-2T belongs to the genus Sphingobium. It showed the highest levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Sphingobium cloacae JCM 10874T (98.3 %) and Sphingobium ummariense CCM 7431T (97.1 %), and 94.8–96.9 % similarity to the type strains of other members of the genus Sphingobium. Strain JZ-2T contained C18 : 1 ω7c as the predominant fatty acid, C14 : 0 2-OH as the major 2-hydroxy fatty acid, ubiquinone Q-10 as the main respiratory quinone, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine and two sphingoglycolipids as the predominant polar lipids and spermidine as the major polyamine. DNA–DNA hybridization results showed that strain JZ-2T had low genomic relatedness with S. cloacae JCM 10874T (34 %) and S. ummariense CCM 7431T (23 %). Based on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic data presented, strain JZ-2T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingobium, for which the name Sphingobium faniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JZ-2T (=CGMCC 1.7749T =DSM 21829T).
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Sphingobium scionense sp. nov., an aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from contaminated sawmill soil
More LessThis study characterized strain WP01T, a Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil in New Zealand. Strain WP01T shared many characteristics of the genus Sphingobium: the predominant respiratory quinone (89 %) was ubiquinone with ten isoprene units (Q-10); the major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C14 : 0 2-OH; spermidine was the major polyamine; the DNA G+C content was 63.8 mol%; and the Sphingobium-specific 16S rRNA signatures were conserved. A point of difference from other species of the genus Sphingobium was that strain WP01T reduced nitrate to nitrite. The polar lipid pattern consisted of the predominant compounds diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingoglycolipids. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that, amongst the recognized species of the genus Sphingobium, strain WP01T was most similar to Sphingobium yanoikuyae GIFU 9882T and Sphingobium amiense YTT (>97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities). The low DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain WP01T and S. yanoikuyae GIFU 9882T (46.6 %) and S. amiense DSM 16289T (25.6 %) indicated no relatedness at the species level. On the basis of these characteristics, it is concluded that strain WP01T should be considered as representing a novel species within the genus Sphingobium, for which the name Sphingobium scionense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WP01T (=DSM 19371T=ICMP 13533T).
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Sphingobium quisquiliarum sp. nov., a hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-degrading bacterium isolated from an HCH-contaminated soil
More LessA yellow-pigmented, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)-degrading bacterial strain, P25T, was isolated from an HCH dump site located in the northern part of India. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the strain belongs to the genus Sphingobium, as it showed highest sequence similarity to Sphingobium amiense IAM 15006T (97.7 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain P25T and members of other species of the genus Sphingobium with validly published names ranged from 94.0 to 97.7 %. The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain P25T and Sphingobium amiense IAM 15006T and other related strains was found be less than 30 %, confirming it to represent a novel species. The DNA G+C content of strain P25T was 65 mol%. The polyamine profile showed the presence of spermidine. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (18 : 1ω7c and/or 18 : 1ω6c; 48.3 %), 16 : 0 (13.7 %) and 14 : 0 2-OH (8.8 %). The polar lipid profile of strain P25T also corresponded to those reported for sphingomonads (phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, sphingoglycolipid), supporting its identification as a member of the family Sphingomonadaceae. The results obtained from DNA–DNA hybridization and biochemical and physiological tests clearly distinguished strain P25T from closely related members of the genus Sphingobium. Thus, a novel species of the genus Sphingobium is proposed, Sphingobium quisquiliarum sp. nov. The type strain is P25T (=MTCC 9472T =CCM 7543T).
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Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium from hypersaline lakes, that utilizes thiocyanate
More LessA moderately halophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, designated strain HRh1T, was obtained from mixed sediment samples from hypersaline chloride–sulfate lakes in the Kulunda Steppe, in south-western Siberia (Russia), using aerobic enrichment culture at 1 M NaCl with thiocyanate as substrate. Cells of the isolate were short, non-motile rods with a Gram-negative type of cell wall. The bacterium was an obligate aerobe capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth with thiocyanate and thiosulfate. With thiosulfate, it grew at NaCl concentrations of 0.2–3.0 M (optimum 0.5 M) and at pH 6.3–8.0 (optimum pH 7.3–7.5). During growth on thiocyanate, cyanate was identified as an intermediate. The dominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω7. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing placed the isolate in the class Gammaproteobacteria as an independent lineage, with an unclassified marine sulfur-oxidizing bacterium as the closest culturable relative (93 % sequence similarity). A single cbbL gene (coding for the key enzyme of the Calvin–Benson cycle of autotrophic CO2 assimilation) with relatively low similarity to any homologous genes found in chemolithoautotrophs was detected in strain HRh1T. On the basis of our phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis, the halophilic isolate is proposed to represent a new genus and novel species, Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus is HRh1T (=DSM 21152T =UNIQEM U249T).
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- Eukaryotic Micro-Organisms
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Description of Eurystomatella sinica n. gen., n. sp., with establishment of a new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. (Protista, Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) and analyses of its phylogeny inferred from sequences of the small-subunit rRNA gene
More LessRecently, an undescribed marine ciliate was isolated from China. Investigation of its morphology and infraciliature revealed it as an undescribed species representing a new genus, Eurystomatella n. gen., the type of the new family Eurystomatellidae n. fam. The new family is defined by close-set, apically positioned oral membranelles and a dominant buccal field that is surrounded by an almost completely circular paroral membrane. The new genus is defined by having a small oral membranelle 1 (M1), bipartite M2 and well-developed M3, a body surface faintly sculptured with a silverline system in a quadrangular, reticulate pattern and a cytostome located at the anterior third of a large buccal field. The type species of the new genus, Eurystomatella sinica n. sp., is a morphologically unique form that is defined mainly by the combination of a conspicuously flattened body, several caudal cilia, extremely long cilia associated with the buccal apparatus and a contractile vacuole located subcaudally. According to phylogenetic analyses of small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences, Eurystomatella clusters with the genus Cyclidium, as a sister group to the family Pleuronematidae. The great divergence in both buccal and somatic ciliature between Eurystomatella and all other known scuticociliates supports the establishment of a new family for Eurystomatella.
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Volumes and issues
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