- Volume 57, Issue 11, 2007

The purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following effectively published new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper, to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries (i.e. documents certifying deposition and availability of type strains). It should be noted that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below, and these authors' names will be included in the author index of the present issue and in the volume author index. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in bacteriological nomenclature. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.

This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.

A Gram-positive, rod- or coccoid-shaped bacterial strain, DS-17T, was isolated from a soil in Dokdo, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain DS-17T grew optimally at around pH 8.0 and 30 °C in the presence of 0.5–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DS-17T belonged to the genus Nocardioides. The chemotaxonomic properties of strain DS-17T were consistent with those of the genus Nocardioides: the cell-wall peptidoglycan type was based on ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid, MK-8(H4) was the predominant menaquinone and iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1 ω8c and C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 71.5 mol%. Strain DS-17T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 94.5–96.9 % to the type strains of recognized Nocardioides species. Strain DS-17T could be distinguished from recognized Nocardioides species by differences in phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain DS-17T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides terrigena sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS-17T (=KCTC 19217T=JCM 14582T).

A Gram-positive, yellow-pigmented, non-motile and rod-shaped or coccoid bacterial strain, DS-61T, was isolated from soil from Dokdo, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. The strain grew optimally at pH 6.5–7.5 and 25 °C in the presence of 1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Strain DS-61T had peptidoglycan of the type based on l-Lys–l-Thr–d-Asp and contained galactose as the only whole-cell sugar. MK-9(H4) was the predominant menaquinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 were the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 72.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DS-61T is most closely affiliated to the genus Cellulosimicrobium, clustering with Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Cellulosimicrobium funkei. The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain DS-61T and the type strains of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and Cellulosimicrobium funkei were 97.4–97.6 %. DNA–DNA relatedness data and differential phenotypic properties demonstrated that strain DS-61T is distinguishable from these two recognized Cellulosimicrobium species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strain DS-61T represents a novel species of the genus Cellulosimicrobium, for which the name Cellulosimicrobium terreum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS-61T (=KCTC 19206T=DSM 18665T). An emended description of the genus is given.

A Gram-positive, non-motile, non-mycelium-forming, rod-shaped actinomycete, designated KSW2-17T, was isolated from dried seaweed collected from beach sand along the coast of Jeju, Republic of Korea. The organism had ornithine as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid, MK-10 and MK-11 as the major menaquinones, and phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as polar lipids. The fatty acid profile included predominantly iso- and anteiso-branched acids and a minor amount of tuberculostearic acid (10-methyl C18 : 0). The DNA G+C content was 68.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the seaweed isolate formed a distinct clade within the radiation of the family Microbacteriaceae and had highest sequence similarity (96.1–96.3 %) to members of the genera Cryobacterium, Frigoribacterium and Rathayibacter. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic evidence, strain KSW2-17T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Labedella gwakjiensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KSW2-17T (=JCM 14008T=KCTC 19176T).

A cellulose-decomposing bacterium, strain JBT, was isolated from sediments along the Qijiang River, Zhongshan City, China. Results of morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain JBT belonged to the genus Brachybacterium. Insertion sequence-PCR fingerprinting patterns, DNA base ratio analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization data showed that strain JBT differed from recognized species of the genus Brachybacterium. Based on polyphasic analysis, strain JBT represents a novel species of the genus Brachybacterium, for which the name Brachybacterium zhongshanense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JBT (=LMG 23926T=CGMCC 1.6508T=DSM 18832T).

Mycobacterial infections in fish are usually attributed to strains of Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium fortuitum. Bacteria identified as M. chelonae have been isolated numerous times from salmonid fishes. Recently, this bacterium has been associated with salmon mortalities in the aquaculture industry. An M. chelonae-like species from salmon, ‘Mycobacterium salmoniphilum’, was described in 1960. However, the species name lost standing in nomenclature when it was omitted from the 1980 Approved Lists of Bacterial Names because the species could not be distinguished with confidence from M. fortuitum. In the 1980s, mycobacteria isolated from salmon were characterized as a distinct subspecies, ‘Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. piscarium’. Again, the uncertainty of the validity of the species resulted in the subsequent withdrawal of the name. Since then, most studies have considered isolates from salmon to be M. chelonae. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the small-subunit rRNA, hsp65 and rpoB genes was used to examine the taxonomic relatedness of type cultures and authentic isolates in our culture collection available from earlier studies. The M. chelonae-like strains from salmon were phylogenetically distinct from other Mycobacterium strains and members of the M. chelonae complex. Moreover, the cell-wall-bound mycolic acids were not representative of known mycolate patterns for M. chelonae-complex organisms. These results supported the status of the species as a separate taxon and effect the valid publication of the name ‘M. salmoniphilum’ as Mycobacterium salmoniphilum (ex Ross 1960) sp. nov., nom. rev., with the type strain SCT (=ATCC 13578T =DSM 43276T).

The taxonomic position of seven soil actinomycetes provisionally assigned to the genus Amycolatopsis was established in a polyphasic study. The isolates, which had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, had closest similarity to the type strain of Amycolatopsis orientalis. A representative isolate, strain GY080T, had chemotaxonomic properties that were typical of the genus Amycolatopsis and could be distinguished from the type strain of A. orientalis using DNA–DNA relatedness data. All of the isolates shared a phenotypic profile that distinguished them from representatives of phylogenetically closely related species. Amplified rDNA restriction analysis showed that the isolates formed a homogeneous group that was distinctly separate from single-membered groups consisting of representative Amycolatopsis type strains, including that of A. orientalis. Based on the combined genotypic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the seven isolates be classified as representatives of a novel species for which the name Amycolatopsis regifaucium sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GY080T (=DSM 45072T =NCIMB 14277T).

The taxonomic position of an actinomycete isolated from radiation-polluted soil collected in Xinjiang Province, north-west China, was determined by using a polyphasic approach. The isolate, designated strain R97T, had chemical and morphological properties characteristic of streptomycetes. An almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate was generated and compared with corresponding sequences of representative streptomycetes. The 16S rRNA data not only supported the classification of the strain in the genus Streptomyces but also showed that it represented a distinct phyletic line that was most closely, albeit loosely, associated with three other thermotolerant organisms, namely Streptomyces macrosporus NBRC 14748T, Streptomyces megasporus NBRC 14749T and Streptomyces thermolineatus NBRC 14750T. Strain R97T could be distinguished from these organisms based on a range of phenotypic properties. It is proposed that R97T (=CGMCC 4.3519T =DSM 41901T) be classified as the type strain of a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, Streptomyces radiopugnans sp. nov. The organism was shown to be resistant to 60Co gamma radiation at a dose of 15 kGy.

Two novel actinomycete strains, KV-744T and KV-856, were isolated by long-term cultivation. Aerial long-chain spores were produced directly from vegetative mycelia and possessed no motility. Vegetative mycelia developed very well and exhibited fragmentation. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glycine, alanine and glutamic acid, and whole-cell hydrolysates contained arabinose, galactose and xylose. The acyl type of the peptidoglycan was glycolyl. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H4) and mycolic acids were not detected. The diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant cellular fatty acids were 14-methylhexadecanoic (ai-C17 : 0), 14-methylpentadecanoic (i-C16 : 0), 15-methylhexadecanoic (i-C17 : 0) and 13-methyltetradecanoic (i-C15 : 0) acids. The G+C content of the DNA was 72–73 mol%. The phenotypic and chemical properties indicated that the two isolates belong to the family Micromonosporaceae and the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis suggested that the closest relationship was with Actinocatenispora thailandica. The DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain KV-744T or KV-856 and A. thailandica TT2-10T were 42–53 %. Based on the data above, strains KV-744T and KV-856 should be classified as representing a novel species of the genus Actinocatenispora, for which the name Actinocatenispora sera sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KV-744T (=NRRL B-24477T=NBRC 101916T).

A coccoid- to ovoid-shaped, Gram-positive, non-motile bacterial strain, designated phenol-AT, was isolated from an oil-contaminated coastal sand sample collected from Pingtung County, southern Taiwan, and characterized by use of a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel strain formed a monophyletic branch at the periphery of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Brachybacterium in the family Dermabacteraceae, class Actinobacteria. The closest neighbours were Brachybacterium rhamnosum LMG 19848T (96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Brachybacterium nesterenkovii DSM 9573T (97.0 %) and Brachybacterium muris C3H-21T (96.3 %). The peptidoglycan type of strain phenol-AT was variation A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic cell-wall diamino acid. The isolate contained MK-7 as the major component of the quinone system. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and unidentified phospholipids and glycolipids. The predominant fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0 (59.5 %); significant amounts of iso-C16 : 0 (9.4 %), iso-C14 : 0 (9.5 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (10.8 %) were also present. The isolate was also distinguished from recognized members of the genus Brachybacterium on the basis of several phenotypic and biochemical characteristics. It is evident from the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data that isolate phenol-AT represents a novel species of the genus Brachybacterium, for which the name Brachybacterium phenoliresistens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is phenol-AT (=LMG 23707T=BCRC 17589T).

A novel isolate belonging to the genus Streptomyces, strain YIM 47672T, was obtained from soil from Hainan, an island in China. The characterization of this isolate was performed by using a polyphasic approach. The strain formed long spore chains in the aerial mycelia. The cell wall contained l-diaminopimelic acid, traces of meso-diaminopimelic acid and glycine. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained galactose and xylose. The phospholipid was of type II. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities for YIM 47672T with respect to the most closely related type strains of species of the genus Streptomyces were less than 96.3 %. Therefore strain YIM 47672T represents a novel member of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces hainanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 47672T (=CCTCC AA 205017T=DSM 41900T).

A novel halophilic archaeon, strain EJ-32T, was isolated from water from Lake Ejinor in Inner Mongolia, China. The taxonomy of strain EJ-32T was studied by using a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, strain EJ-32T was shown to be phylogenetically related to Halorubrum coriense (97.9 %), Halorubrum trapanicum (97.9 %), Halorubrum sodomense (97.8 %), Halorubrum tebenquichense (97.8 %), Halorubrum xinjiangense (97.6 %), Halorubrum terrestre (97.4 %), Halorubrum distributum (97.1 %) and Halorubrum saccharovorum (96.4 %). Strain EJ-32T was found to be neutrophilic, non-motile and Gram-negative. It grew in medium containing saturation concentrations of NaCl and did not require magnesium for optimal growth. The G+C content of the DNA is 64.0 mol%. Values for DNA–DNA hybridization with respect to phylogenetically related Halorubrum species were ≤49 %, indicating that EJ-32T constitutes a different genospecies. The data show that strain EJ-32T represents a novel species of the genus Halorubrum, for which the name Halorubrum ejinorense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EJ-32T (=CECT 7194T=CGMCC 1.6782T=JCM 14265T).

A novel thermoacidophilic, cell wall-less archaeon, strain IC-189T, was isolated from a solfataric field in Ohwaku-dani, Hakone, Japan. The cells were irregular cocci, sometimes lobed, club-shaped or catenated, and were highly variable in size, ranging from 0.8 to 8.0 μm in diameter. The strain grew at temperatures in the range 38–68 °C (optimally at 60 °C) and at pH 1.8–4.0 (optimally at around pH 3.0). Strain IC-189T was obligately aerobic and heterotrophic, requiring yeast extract for growth. Yeast extract, glucose and mannose served as carbon and energy sources. The polar lipids consisted mainly of cyclic or acyclic glycerol-bisdiphytanyl-glycerol tetraethers, and the predominant quinone was a menaquinone with seven isoprenoid units (MK-7). The G+C content of total DNA was 56.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain IC-189T was a member of the order Thermoplasmatales, but diverged from the hitherto known species of the genera Thermoplasma, Picrophilus and Ferroplasma (86.2–91.0 % sequence similarity). These phenotypic and phylogenetic properties clearly support a separate taxonomic status for this strain. Therefore, strain IC-189T represents a novel genus (order Thermoplasmatales) and species, for which the name Thermogymnomonas acidicola gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with type strain IC-189T (=JCM 13583T=DSM 18835T).

A Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, DS-57T, was isolated from soil from Dokdo, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. It grew optimally at 25 °C and in trypticase soy broth without NaCl and trypticase soy broth with 0.5 % NaCl. Strain DS-57T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 39.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DS-57T was most closely related to the genus Pedobacter of the family Sphingobacteriaceae, clustering coherently with Pedobacter suwonensis, Pedobacter roseus and Pedobacter sandarakinus. Strain DS-57T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 99.2, 97.9 and 97.2 % with respect to the type strains of P. suwonensis, P. roseus and P. sandarakinus, respectively, and values less than 95.6 % with respect to the type strains of other Pedobacter species. Strain DS-57T exhibited levels of DNA–DNA relatedness of 45, 17 and 15 % with respect to the type strains of P. suwonensis, P. roseus and P. sandarakinus, respectively. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness and the DNA–DNA relatedness data, were sufficient to allow the classification of strain DS-57T as a species that is separate from recognized Pedobacter species. On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, therefore, strain DS-57T represents a novel species of the genus Pedobacter, for which the name Pedobacter terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS-57T (=KCTC 12762T=DSM 17933T).

A long, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain EMB13T, was isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in Korea. The isolate was strictly aerobic and non-motile. The strain grew optimally at 30–35 °C and pH 7.5–8.0, and the predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 1 ω5c and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The strain contained a large amount of phosphatidylethanolamine and small amounts of phosphatidylcholine and an unknown phospholipid as the polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 40.1 mol% and the major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain EMB13T belonged to the genus Runella and was most closely related to Runella limosa EMB111T, with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.1 %. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain EMB13T and R. limosa EMB111T was approximately 25 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular data, it is clear that strain EMB13T represents a novel species within the genus Runella, for which the name Runella defluvii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EMB13T (=KCTC 12614T =DSM 17976T).

Three isolates of a Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, isolated from the lung and liver of two beaked whales, were characterized by phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. Based on cellular morphology and biochemical criteria, the isolates were tentatively assigned to the family Flavobacteriaceae, although they did not appear to correspond to any recognized species. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the three new isolates shared 100 % sequence similarity. The unknown bacterium was phylogenetically closely related to, but distinct from the type strains of Flavobacterium johnsoniae (93.7 % sequence similarity), Flavobacterium frigidimaris (93.4 %), Flavobacterium aquidurense (93.4 %), Flavobacterium hibernum (93.4 %) and Flavobacterium degerlachei (93.4 %). The novel isolates were readily distinguished from these and other related Flavobacterium species by physiological and biochemical tests. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown isolates from whales are classified as a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, Flavobacterium ceti sp. nov. The type strain is 454-2T (=CECT 7184T =CCUG 52969T).

A collection of eight clinical strains from Belgian hospitals and three clinical strains of the CCUG collection were characterized biochemically as being similar to CDC groups II-h and II-c; the latter differs from group II-h only by positivity for sucrose acidification. These 11 strains were found to cluster according to 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity at a level of ≥99.5 %, and on the basis of their tDNA-PCR profile. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this collection of strains was related most closely to Chryseobacterium hispanicum (97.2 %), but they differed from the type strain of this species by the following phenotypic characteristics: growth at 37 °C, negativity for xylose acidification, positivity for acetate assimilation–alkalinization on Simmons’ agar base and absence of flexirubin pigments, and by their tDNA-PCR profile. Strain NF802T showed only 57.8 % DNA–DNA relatedness to the type strain of C. hispanicum. Fatty acid composition did not enable differentiation from C. hispanicum. The DNA G+C content of strain NF802T is 36.5 mol%. The name Chryseobacterium hominis sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon, with type strain NF802T (=CCUG 52711T=CIP 109415T).

Two marine, heterotrophic, aerobic, pigmented and gliding bacteria, isolated from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomy study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strains KMM 6032T and KMM 6047 formed a distinct branch within the genus Arenibacter, a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae. The level of sequence similarity between the novel isolates and members of the genus Arenibacter was 94.5–98.9 %. The DNA G+C content was 39–40 mol%. The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1, iso-C15 : 0, C15 : 0, C15 : 1 ω6c, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 1 ω9c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1 ω7c). The results of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments supported by phenotypic data indicated that the isolates represent a novel species within the genus Arenibacter, for which the name Arenibacter echinorum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMM 6032T (=KCTC 22013T=LMG 22574T).

Three strains of budding, ellipsoid-shaped and rosette-forming bacteria were isolated from acidic Sphagnum-dominated boreal wetlands of northern Russia and were designated strains MPL7T, MOB77 and SB2. The presence of crateriform pits and numerous fibrillar appendages on the cell surface and an unusual spur-like projection on one pole of the cell indicated a planctomycete morphotype. These isolates are moderately acidophilic, mesophilic organisms capable of growth at pH values between 4.2 and 7.5 (with an optimum at pH 5.0–6.2) and at temperatures between 4 and 32 °C (optimum 15–26 °C). The major fatty acids are C16 : 0 and C16 : 1 ω7c; the major quinone is MK-6. The G+C content of the DNA is 54.4–56.5 mol%. Strains MPL7T, MOB77 and SB2 possess nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and belong to the planctomycete lineage defined by the genus Planctomyces, being most closely related to Planctomyces limnophilus DSM 3776T (86.9–87.1 % sequence similarity). However, strain MPL7T showed only 28 % DNA–DNA hybridization with P. limnophilus DSM 3776T. Compared with currently described members of the genus Planctomyces, the isolates from northern wetlands do not form long and distinctive stalks, have greater tolerance of acidic conditions and low temperatures, are more sensitive to NaCl, lack pigmentation and degrade a wider range of biopolymers. The data therefore suggest that strains MPL7T, MOB77 and SB2 represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Schlesneria paludicola gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. Strain MPL7T (=ATCC BAA-1393T =VKM B-2452T) is the type strain of Schlesneria paludicola.