1887

Abstract

An obligatory anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative coccobacillus with black-pigmented colonies was isolated from the oral cavity of selected Australian marsupial species. Phenotypic and molecular criteria showed that this bacterium was a distinct species within the genus , and was closely related to and . This putative novel species and could be differentiated from by catalase activity. Further characterization by multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis of glutamate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase enzyme mobility and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight MS showed that this putative novel species could be differentiated phenotypically from and . Definitive identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that this bacterium belonged to a unique monophyletic lineage, phylogenetically distinct from (94.9 % similarity) and (95.5 %). This also was supported by 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer region and glutamate dehydrogenase gene sequencing. A new species epithet, sp. nov., is proposed for this bacterium, with DSM 28520 (=NCTC 13658=UQD444=MRK101), isolated from a musky rat kangaroo, as the type strain.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000898
2016-10-01
2024-12-07
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/66/10/3771.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000898&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bemis D. A., Greenacre C. B., Bryant M. J., Jones R. D., Kania S. A. 2011; Isolation of a variant Porphyromonas sp. from polymicrobial infections in central bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps). J Vet Diagnost Invest 23:99–104 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bird P. S., Huynh S. C., Davis D., Love D. N., Blackall L. L., Seymour G. J. 2002; Oral disease in animals: the Australian perspective. Isolation and characterisation of black-pigmented bacteria from the oral cavity of marsupials. Anaerobe 8:79–87 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Coil D. A., Alexiev A., Wallis C., O'Flynn C., Deusch O., Davis I., Horsfall A., Kirkwood N., Jospin G. et al. 2015; Draft genome sequences of 26 Porphyromonas strains isolated from the canine oral microbiome. Genome Announc 3:e0018700115 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Conrads G., Citron D. M., Tyrrell K. L., Horz H. P., Goldstein E. J. 2005; 16S-23S rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer sequences for analysis of the phylogenetic relationships among species of the genus Porphyromonas . Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:607–613 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cottyn B. G., Boucque C. V. 1968; Rapid method for the gas-chromatographic determination of volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid. J Agric Food Chem 16:105–107 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Davis I. J., Wallis C., Deusch O., Colyer A., Milella L., Loman N., Harris S. 2013; A cross-sectional survey of bacterial species in plaque from client owned dogs with healthy gingiva, gingivitis or mild periodontitis. PLoS One 8:e83158 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence-limits on phylogenies – an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Finegold S. M., Vaisanen M. L., Rautio M., Eerola E., Summanen P., Molitoris D., Song Y., Liu C., Jousimies-Somer H. 2004; Porphyromonas uenonis sp. nov., a pathogen for humans distinct from P. asaccharolytica and P. endodontalis . J Clin Microbiol 42:5298–5301 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Fournier D., Mouton C. 1993; Phenotypic characterization of human and animal biotypes within the species Porphyromonas gingivalis . Res Microbiol 144:435–444 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Fournier D., Mouton C., Lapierre P., Kato T., Okuda K., Ménard C. 2001; Porphyromonas gulae sp. nov., an anaerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus from the gingival sulcus of various animal hosts. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1179–1189 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Giannitti F., Schapira A., Anderson M., Clothier K. 2014; Suppurative otitis and ascending meningoencephalitis associated with Bacteroides tectus and Porphyromonas gulae in a captive Parma wallaby (Macropus parma) with toxoplasmosis. J Vet Diagnost Invest 26:683–688 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hajishengallis G., Darveau R. P., Curtis M. A. 2012; The keystone-pathogen hypothesis. Nat Rev Microbiol 10:717–725 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hirasawa M., Takada K. 1994; Porphyromonas gingivicanis sp. nov. and Porphyromonas crevioricanis sp. nov., isolated from beagles. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:637–640 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Jousimies-Somer H., Summanen P. 2002; Recent taxonomic changes and terminology update of clinically significant anaerobic gram-negative bacteria (excluding spirochetes). Clin Infect Dis 35:S17–S21 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Jousimies-Somer H. R. 1995; Update on the taxonomy and the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pigmented anaerobic gram-negative rods. Clin Infect Dis 20:S187–S191 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Jousimies-Somer H. R., Summanen P. H. 1999; Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Fusobacterium and other anaerobic Gram-negative rods and cocci. In Manual of Clinical Microbiology , pp. 690–738Edited by Murray P. R. Washington, DC: ASM Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. La Scola B., Fournier P. E., Raoult D. 2011; Burden of emerging anaerobes in the MALDI-TOF and 16S rRNA gene sequencing era. Anaerobe 17:106–112 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Loos B. G., Dyer D. W., Whittam T. S., Selander R. K. 1993; Genetic structure of populations of Porphyromonas gingivalis associated with periodontitis and other oral infections. Infect Immun 61:204–212[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Maiden M. F., Tanner A., Macuch P. J. 1996; Rapid characterization of periodontal bacterial isolates by using fluorogenic substrate tests. J Clin Microbiol 34:376–384[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Maier T., Kostrzewa M. 2007; Fast and reliable MALDI-TOF MS-based microorganism identification. Chem Today 25:68–71
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Mellmann A., Cloud J., Maier T., Keckevoet U., Ramminger I., Iwen P., Dunn J., Hall G., Wilson D. et al. 2008; Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry in comparison to 16S rRNA gene sequencing for species identification of nonfermenting bacteria. J Clin Microbiol 46:1946–1954 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Mikkelsen D., Milinovich G. J., Burrell P. C., Huynh S. C., Pettett L. M., Blackall L. L., Trott D. J., Bird P. S. 2008; Phylogenetic analysis of Porphyromonas species isolated from the oral cavity of Australian marsupials. Env Microbiol 10:2425–2432 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Nagy E., Maier T., Urban E., Terhes G., Kostrzewa M. ESCMID Study Group on Antimicrobial Resistance in Anaerobic Bacteria 2009; Species identification of clinical isolates of Bacteroides by matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Clin Microbiol Infect 15:796–802 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ottenstein D. M., Bartley D. A. 1971; Separation of free acids C2–C5 in dilute Aqueous solution column technology. J Chrom Sci 9:673–681 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Playne M. J. 1985; Determination of ethanol, volatile fatty acids, lactic and succinic acids in fermentation liquids by gas chromatography. J Sci Food Agric 36:638–644 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Pérez-Salcedo L., Herrera D., Esteban-Saltiveri D., Leon R., Jeusette I., Torre C., O'Connor A., Gonzalez I. 2012; Isolation and identification of Porphyromonas spp. and other putative pathogens from cats with periodontal disease. J Vet Dent 30:208–213 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Richardson B. J., Baverstock P. R., Adams M. 1986 Allozyme Electrophoresis: A Handbook for Animal Systematics and Population Studies Sydney: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Saitou N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method – a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mole Biol Evol 4:406–425
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Sakamoto M., Ohkuma M. 2010; Usefulness of the hsp60 gene for the identification and classification of gram-negative anaerobic rods. J Med Microbiol 59:1293–1302 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Selander R. K., Caugant D. A., Ochman H., Musser J. M., Gilmour M. N., Whittam T. S. 1986; Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics. Appl Environ Microbiol 51:873[PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Siyambalapitya N. 2000 The identification of clones of a population of Porphyromonas gingivalis by the use of multilocus sequence typing In Department of Microbiology and Parasitology The University of Queensland
  32. Summanen P. H., Durmaz B., Väisänen M. L., Liu C., Molitoris D., Eerola E., Helander I. M., Finegold S. M. 2005; Porphyromonas somerae sp. nov., a pathogen isolated from humans and distinct from porphyromonas levii . J Clin Microbiol 43:4455–4459 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Summanen P. H., Lawson P. A., Finegold S. M. 2009; Porphyromonas bennonis sp. nov., isolated from human clinical specimens. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1727–1732 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Tamura K., Nei M., Kumar S. 2004; Prospects for inferring very large phylogenies by using the neighbor-joining method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:11030–11035 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Tamura K., Stecher G., Peterson D., Filipski A., Kumar S. 2013; mega6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mole Biol Evol 30:2725–2729 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Tindall B. J. 1990a; A comparative study of the lipid composition of Halobacterium saccharovorum from various sources. System Appl Microbiol 13:128–130 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Tindall B. J. 1990b; Lipid composition of Halobacterium lacusprofundi . FEMS Microbiol Lett 66:199–202 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Tindall B. J., Sikorski J., Smibert R. A., Krieg N. R. 2007 Phenotypic Characterization and the Principles of Comparative Systematics Washington, DC: ASM Press; [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Willems A., Collins M. D. 1995; Reclassification of Oribaculum catoniae (Moore and Moore 1994) as Porphyromonas catoniae comb. nov. and emendation of the genus Porphyromonas . Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:578–581 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000898
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000898
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary File 1

PDF
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error