RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Sasi Jyothsna, T. S. A1 Tushar, L. A1 Sasikala, Ch. A1 Ramana, Ch. V.YR 2016 T1 Paraclostridium benzoelyticum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment and reclassification of Clostridium bifermentans as Paraclostridium bifermentans comb. nov. Proposal of a new genus Paeniclostridium gen. nov. to accommodate Clostridium sordellii and Clostridium ghonii JF International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, VO 66 IS 3 SP 1268 OP 1274 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000874 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1466-5034, AB Twenty-three rod-shaped, endospore-forming, Gram-stain-positive, obligately anaerobic bacteria were isolated from different marine sediment samples of Gujarat. All 23 strains shared 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of ∼100 %. Strain JC272T was designated the type strain and shared highest sequence similarity with Clostridium bifermentans ATCC 638T (99.8 %), Clostridium ghonii JCM 1400T (98.0 %), Clostridium sordellii ATCC 9714T (97.9 %) and other members of the genus Clostridium ( < 96.4 %). C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C17 : 0, C16 : 1ω9c and iso-C16 : 0 were the major (>5 %) fatty acids. Strain JC272T contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and two unidentified amino lipids. Genome-based analysis of average nucleotide identity (ANI) and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) of strain JC272T with C. bifermentans ATCC 638T yielded values of 94.35 and 58.5 ± 2.8 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain JC272T was 28.3 mol%. Strain JC272T together with C. bifermentans were found to fall outside Clostridium rRNA cluster I considered as Clostridium senso stricto. Based on ANI value, in-silico DDH, and distinct morphological and physiological differences from the previously described taxa, we suggest that strain JC272T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Clostridiaceae, for which the name Paraclostridium benzoelyticum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC272T ( = KCTC 15476T = LMG 28745T). It is also proposed to transfer C. bifermentans to this new genus, as Paraclostridium bifermentans comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 638T = DSM 14991T = JCM 1386T). The genus Paeniclostridium gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate C. sordellii and C. ghonii as Paeniclostridium sordellii comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 9714T = LMG 15708T = JCM 3814T) and Paeniclostridium ghonii comb. nov. (type strain ATCC 25757T = DSM 15049T = JCM 1400T)., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000874