1887

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY logo

Volume 66, Issue 2

sp. nov., isolated from a fermentation pit used for the production of Chinese strong-flavoured liquor Free

Abstract

Strain BEY10 was isolated from an old fermentation pit, which had been used for the production of Chinese strong-flavoured liquor for over 20 years. The strain was strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain positive, rod-shaped, non-motile and spore-forming. Strain BEY10 grew at temperatures of 22–47 °C (optimum 37 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum pH 7.5–8.5) and with NaCl concentrations of 0–4 % (w/v) (optimum 0 %). The isolate was able to utilize glucose, mannitol, lactose, xylose, maltose, glycerol, cellobiose and trehalose as carbon sources for growth. The major end-products from glucose fermentation were ethanol and butyric acid. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, a glycolipid and an aminolipid. The predominant fatty acids (>10 %) were C, C, C, C and C. The DNA G+C content was 34.4 mol%. Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that strain BEY10 belongs to the genus in the family . The closest phylogenetic neighbour is DSM 17049, showing 97.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with strain BEY10. DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain BEY10 with DSM 17049, DSM 4474 and DSM 10365 were 58.8 %, 57.9 % and 42.2 %, respectively. This characterization based on phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic evidence demonstrated that strain BEY10 represents a novel species of the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BEY10 ( = ACCC 00785 = DSM 100320).

  • Published Online:
© 2015 IUMS
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000787
2016-02-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/66/2/749.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000787&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Atlas R. M. 2010 Handbook of Microbiological Media, 4th edn. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bligh E. G., Dyer W. J. 1959; A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:911–917 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Cai G., Jin B., Saint C., Monis P. 2011; Genetic manipulation of butyrate formation pathways in Clostridium butyricum . J Biotechnol 155:269–274 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Cirne D. G., Delgado O. D., Marichamy S., Mattiasson B. 2006; Clostridium lundense sp. nov., a novel anaerobic lipolytic bacterium isolated from bovine rumen. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:625–628 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Colin T., Bories A., Lavigne C., Moulin G. 2001; Effects of acetate and butyrate during glycerol fermentation by Clostridium butyricum . Curr Microbiol 43:238–243 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  6. De Ley J., Cattoir H., Reynaerts A. 1970; The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12:133–142 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39:783–791 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Gerhardt P., Murray R. G. E, Wood W. A., Krieg N. R. 1994 Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Johnston N. C., Goldfine H. 1983; Lipid composition in the classification of the butyric acid-producing clostridia. J Gen Microbiol 129:1075–1081[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Johnston N. C., Aygun-Sunar S., Guan Z., Ribeiro A. A., Daldal F., Raetz C. R. H, Goldfine H. 2010; A phosphoethanolamine-modified glycosyl diradylglycerol in the polar lipids of Clostridium tetani . J Lipid Res 51:1953–1961 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Kim O. S., Cho Y. J., Lee K., Yoon S. H., Kim M., Na H., Park S. C., Jeon Y. S., Lee J. H., other authors. 2012; Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716–721 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Lane D. J. 1991; 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. In Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics pp 115–175Edited by Stackebrandt E., Goodfellow M. Chichester: Wiley;
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Liu C., Huang D., Liu L., Zhang J., Deng Y., Chen L., Zhang W., Wu Z., Fan A., other authors. 2014; Clostridium swellfunianum sp. nov., a novel anaerobic bacterium isolated from the pit mud of Chinese Luzhou-flavor liquor production. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 106:817–825 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Markossian S., Becker P., Märkl H., Antranikian G. 2000; Isolation and characterization of lipid-degrading Bacillus thermoleovorans IHI-91 from an icelandic hot spring. Extremophiles 4:365–371 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Mesbah M., Premachandran U., Whitman W. B. 1989; Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:159–167 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Müller V. 2003; Energy conservation in acetogenic bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 69:6345–6353 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Papoutsakis E. T. 2008; Engineering solventogenic clostridia. Curr Opin Biotechnol 19:420–429 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Saitou N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Sasser M. 1990 Identification of bacteria by gas chromatography of cellular fatty acids MIDI Technical Note 101 Newark, DE: MIDI Inc;
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Seedorf H., Fricke W. F., Veith B., Brüggemann H., Liesegang H., Strittmatter A., Miethke M., Buckel W., Hinderberger J., other authors. 2008; The genome of Clostridium kluyveri, a strict anaerobe with unique metabolic features. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:2128–2133 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Shcherbakova V. A., Chuvilskaya N. A., Rivkina E. M., Pecheritsyna S. A., Laurinavichius K. S., Suzina N. E., Osipov G. A., Lysenko A. M., Gilichinsky D. A., Akimenko V. K. 2005; Novel psychrophilic anaerobic spore-forming bacterium from the overcooled water brine in permafrost: description Clostridium algoriphilum sp. nov. Extremophiles 9:239–246 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Shi S., Zhang W. X., Deng Y., Zhong F. D., Hu F. 2010; Construction of microbial fingerprint in Chinese liquor production by DGGE technique. China Brewing 3:118–120 (In Chinese)
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Spring S., Merkhoffer B., Weiss N., Kroppenstedt R. M., Hippe H., Stackebrandt E. 2003; Characterization of novel psychrophilic clostridia from an Antarctic microbial mat: description of Clostridium frigoris sp. nov., Clostridium lacusfryxellense sp. nov., Clostridium bowmanii sp. nov. and Clostridium psychrophilum sp. nov. and reclassification of Clostridium laramiense as Clostridium estertheticum subsp. laramiense subsp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:1019–1029 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Suetin S. V., Shcherbakova V. A., Chuvilskaya N. A., Rivkina E. M., Suzina N. E., Lysenko A. M., Gilichinsky D. A. 2009; Clostridium tagluense sp. nov., a psychrotolerant, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium from permafrost. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:1421–1426 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Tamura K., Peterson D., Peterson N., Stecher G., Nei M., Kumar S. 2011; mega5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28:2731–2739 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Tao Y., Li J., Rui J., Xu Z., Zhou Y., Hu X., Wang X., Liu M., Li D., Li X. 2014; Prokaryotic communities in pit mud from different-aged cellars used for the production of Chinese strong-flavored liquor. Appl Environ Microbiol 80:2254–2260 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Thompson J. D., Gibson T. J., Plewniak F., Jeanmougin F., Higgins D. G. 1997; The clustal_xwindows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Tindall B. J., Sikorski J., Smibert R. A., Krieg N. R. 2007; Phenotypic characterization and the principles of comparative systematics. In Methods for General and Molecular Microbiology pp 330–393Edited by Reddy C. A., Beveridge T. J., Breznak J. A., Marzluf G. A., Schmidt T. M., Snyder L. R. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology; [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Tracy B. P., Jones S. W., Fast A. G., Indurthi D. C., Papoutsakis E. T. 2012; Clostridia: the importance of their exceptional substrate and metabolite diversity for biofuel and biorefinery applications. Curr Opin Biotechnol 23:364–381 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  30. UK-Standards-for-Microbiology-Investigations 2011; Identification of Clostridium species. In: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/400746/ID_8i4.pdf
  31. Van Dyke M. I., McCarthy A. J. 2002; Molecular biological detection and characterization of Clostridium populations in municipal landfill sites. Appl Environ Microbiol 68:2049–2053 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Wayne L. G., Brenner D. J., Colwell R. R., Grimont P. A. D, Kandler O., Krichevsky M. I., Moore L. H., Moore W. E. C, Murray R. G. E, other authors. 1987; International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Wiegel J., Tanner R., Rainey F. 2006; An Introduction to the Family Clostridiaceae . In The Prokaryotes, 3rd edn. pp 654–678Edited by Dworkin M., Falkow S., Rosenberg E., Schleifer K.-H., Stackebrandt E. New York: Springer; [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Wilde E., Hippe H., Tosunoglu N., Schallehn G., Herwig K., Gottschalk G. 1989; Clostridium tetanomorphum sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:127–134 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Wilde E., Collins M. D., Hippe H. 1997; Clostridium pascui sp. nov., a new glutamate-fermenting sporeformer from a pasture in Pakistan. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47:164–170 [View Article][PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Xu Y., Wang D., Fan W., Mu X., Chen J. 2010; Traditional Chinese Biotechnology. In Biotechnology in China pp 189–233Edited by Tsao G. T., Ouyang P., Chen J. Berlin: Springer;
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Yang Z. 1997; paml: a program package for phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood. Comput Appl Biosci 13:555–556[PubMed]
     [Google Scholar]
  38. Zhao J.-S., Zheng J., Zhou R.-Q., Shi B. 2012; Microbial community structure of pit mud in a Chinese strong aromatic liquor fermentation pit. J Inst Brew 118:356–360 [View Article]
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000787
Loading
Clostridium liquoris sp. nov., isolated from a fermentation pit used for the production of Chinese strong-flavoured liquor
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 66, 749 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.000787
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000787
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.000787
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

Supplementary Data

PDF

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error