Two Gram-stain-positive, moderately thermophilic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, motile bacteria designated PDF4T and PDF10, were isolated from Camkoy hot spring in the provinces of Aydın, Turkey and were characterized in order to determine their phylogenetic position. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the two strains belonged to the genus Brevibacillus. Strain PDF4T showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain PDF10 (99.5 %), Brevibacillus brevis DSM 30T (98.9 %), Brevibacillus parabrevis DSM 8376T (98.6 %) and Brevibacillus formosus DSM 9885T (98.5 %); similarities to other species of the genus Brevibacillus were less than 98.5 %. The predominant fatty acids of strain PDF4T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (60.0 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (22.3 %). The polar lipids of strain PDF4T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, an unknown phospholipid, two unknown lipid, an unknown aminophospholipid and two unknown aminolipids. MK-7 was detected as a sole respiratory quinone, and the cell wall of strain PDF4T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content of strain PDF4T was 51.7 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization showed less than 60 % relatedness between strain PDF4T and type strains of the most closely related species given above. Based on these data, the two strains are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Brevibacillus, for which the name Brevibacillus gelatini sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PDF4T ( = NCCB 100559T = DSM 100115T).
BaekS.-H., ImW.-T., OhH. W., LeeJ.-S., OhH.-M., LeeS.-T.2006; Brevibacillus ginsengisoli sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:2665–2669 [View Article][PubMed]
BeffaT., BlancM., LyonP. F., VogtG., MarchianiM., FischerJ. L., AragnoM.1996; Isolation of Thermus strains from hot composts (60 to 80°C). Appl Environ Microbiol 62:1723–1727[PubMed]
ChunJ., LeeJ.-H., JungY., KimM., KimS., KimB. K., LimY.-W.2007; EzTaxon: a web-based tool for the identification of prokaryotes based on 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2259–2261 [View Article][PubMed]
De LeyJ., CattoirH., ReynaertsA.1970; The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12:133–142 [View Article][PubMed]
HallT. A.1999; BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 41:95–98
HußV. A., FestlH., SchleiferK. H.1983; Studies on the spectrophotometric determination of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Syst Appl Microbiol 4:184–192 [View Article][PubMed]
KimuraM.1980; A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120 [View Article][PubMed]
KuykendallL. D., RoyM. A., O'NeillJ. J., DevineT. E.1988; Fatty acids, antibiotic resistance, and deoxyribonucleic acid homology groups of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Int J Syst Bacteriol 38:358–361 [View Article]
LoganN. A., ForsythG., LebbeL., GorisJ., HeyndrickxM., BalcaenA., VerhelstA., FalsenE., LjunghA., other authors. 2002; Polyphasic identification of Bacillus and
Brevibacillus strains from clinical, dairy and industrial specimens and proposal of Brevibacillus invocatus sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:953–966 [View Article][PubMed]
MandelM., MarmurJ.1968; Use of ultraviolet absorbance-temperature profile for determining the guanine plus cytosine content of DNA. Methods Enzymol 12B:195–206 [View Article]
PowersE. M.1995; Efficacy of the Ryu nonstaining KOH technique for rapidly determining gram reactions of food-borne and waterborne bacteria and yeasts. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:3756–3758[PubMed]
ShidaO., TakagiH., KadowakiK., KomagataK.1996; Proposal for two new genera, Brevibacillus gen. nov. and Aneurinibacillus gen. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:939–946 [View Article][PubMed]
SmibertR. M., KriegN. R.1994; Phenotypic characterization. In Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology pp 607–654Edited byGerhardtP., MurrayR. G. E., WoodW. A., KriegN. R. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
StackebrandtE., GoebelB. M.1994; Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44:846–849 [View Article]
ThompsonJ. D., GibsonT. J., PlewniakF., JeanmouginF., HigginsD. G.1997; The clustal_x windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882 [View Article][PubMed]
TindallB. J.1990a; A comparative study of the lipid composition of Halobacterium saccharovorum from various sources. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:128–130 [View Article]
TindallB. J., SikorskiJ., SmibertR. A., KriegN. R.2007; Phenotypic characterization and the principles of comparative systematics. In Methods for General and Molecular Microbiology, 3rd edn. pp 330–393Edited byReddyC. A., BeveridgeT. J., BreznakJ. A., MarzlufG., SchmidtT. M., SnyderL. R. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology; [View Article]
WayneL. G., BrennerD. J., ColwellR. R., GrimontP. A. D, KandlerO., KrichevskyM. I., MooreL. H., MooreW. E. C, MurrayR. G. E, other authors. 1987; International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:463–464 [View Article]