Sulfurifustis variabilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from a lake, and proposal of Acidiferrobacteraceae fam. nov. and Acidiferrobacterales ord. nov.
A novel autotrophic bacterium, strain skN76T, was isolated from sediment of a lake in Japan. As sole electron donor to support chemolithoautotrophic growth, the strain oxidized thiosulfate, tetrathionate and elemental sulfur. For growth, the optimum temperature was 42–45 °C and the optimum pH was 6.8–8.2. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. The strain exhibited changes in morphology depending on growth temperature. Cells grown at the optimum temperature were rod-shaped (0.9–3.0 μm long and 0.3–0.5 μm wide), whereas a filamentous form was observed when the strain was cultured at the lowest permissive growth temperatures. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 69 mol%. The major components in the fatty acid profile were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the closest cultivated relative of strain skN76T was Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans m-1T, with sequence similarity of 93 %. On the basis of its phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, strain skN76T ( = DSM 100313T = NBRC 110942T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of a novel genus, Sulfurifustis variabilis gen. nov., sp. nov. Novel taxa, Acidiferrobacteraceae fam. nov. and Acidiferrobacterales ord. nov., are also proposed to accommodate the genera Acidiferrobacter and Sulfurifustis gen. nov.
HallbergK.B.,
HedrichS.,
JohnsonD.B.
( 2011;). Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans, gen. nov. sp. nov.; an acidophilic, thermo-tolerant, facultatively anaerobic iron- and sulfur-oxidizer of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae
. Extremophiles15271–279 [View Article][PubMed].
Katayama-FujimuraY.,
KomatsuY.,
KuraishiH.,
KanekoT.
( 1984;). Estimation of DNA base composition by high-performance liquid chromatography of its nuclease PI hydrolysate. Agric Biol Chem483169–3172 [View Article].
KellyD.P.,
WoodA.P.
( 2000;). Reclassification of some species of Thiobacillus to the newly designated genera Acidithiobacillus gen. nov., Halothiobacillus gen. nov. and Thermithiobacillus gen. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol50511–516 [View Article][PubMed].
KojimaH.,
FukuiM.
( 2011;). Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultative autotroph isolated from a freshwater lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol611651–1655 [View Article][PubMed].
MeyerB.,
KueverJ.
( 2007a;). Molecular analysis of the diversity of sulfate-reducing and sulfur-oxidizing prokaryotes in the environment, using aprA as functional marker gene. Appl Environ Microbiol737664–7679 [View Article][PubMed].
MeyerB.,
KueverJ.
( 2007b;). Molecular analysis of the distribution and phylogeny of dissimilatory adenosine-5′-phosphosulfate reductase-encoding genes (aprBA) among sulfur-oxidizing prokaryotes. Microbiology1533478–3498 [View Article][PubMed].
OrenA.
( 2014;). The family Ectothiorhodospiraceae
. . In The Prokaryotes
, 4th edn.., pp. 199–222. Edited by
RosenbergE.,
DeLongE. F.,
LoryS.,
StackebrandtE.,
ThompsonF.
Berlin:
Springer;.
WatanabeM.,
KojimaH.,
FukuiM.
( 2014;). Proposal of Effusibacillus lacus gen. nov., sp. nov., and reclassification of Alicyclobacillus pohliae as Effusibacillus pohliae comb. nov. and Alicyclobacillus consociatus as Effusibacillus consociatus comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol642770–2774 [View Article][PubMed].
WatanabeT.,
KojimaH.,
FukuiM.
( 2015;). Sulfuriferula multivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater lake, reclassification of ‘Thiobacillus plumbophilus’ as Sulfuriferula plumbophilus sp. nov., and description of Sulfuricellaceae fam. nov. and Sulfuricellales ord. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol651504–1508 [View Article][PubMed].
WilliamsK.P.,
KellyD.P.
( 2013;). Proposal for a new class within the phylum Proteobacteria, Acidithiobacillia classis nov., with the type order Acidithiobacillales, and emended description of the class Gammaproteobacteria
. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol632901–2906 [View Article][PubMed].
Sulfurifustis variabilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from a lake, and proposal of Acidiferrobacteraceae fam. nov. and Acidiferrobacterales ord. nov.