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Abstract
Four alkaligenous, moderately halotolerant strains, designated ge09, ge10T, ge14T and ge15, were isolated from the internal tissue of ginseng root and their taxonomic positions were investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the four strains were Gram-positive-staining, non-motile, short rods. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains ge09 and ge10T formed one cluster and strains ge14T and ge15 formed another separate cluster within the genus Bacillus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with type strains of other Bacillus species were less than 97 %. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness among the four strains showed that strains ge09 and ge10T and strains ge14T and ge15 belonged to two separate species; the mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness between ge10T and ge14T was only 28.7 %. Their phenotypic and physiological properties supported the view that the two strains represent two different novel species of the genus Bacillus. The DNA G+C contents of strains ge10T and ge14T were 49.9 and 49.6 mol%, respectively. Strains ge10T and ge14T showed the peptidoglycan type A4α l-Lys–d-Glu. The lipids present in strains ge10T and ge14T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, a minor amount of phosphatidylcholine and two unknown phospholipids. Their predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The fatty acid profiles of the four novel strains contained large quantities of branched and saturated fatty acids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (42.5 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (22.2 %), anteiso-C17 : 0 (7.3 %) and C16 : 1 ω7c alcohol (5.7 %) in ge10T and iso-C15 : 0 (50.7 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (20.1 %) in ge14T. On the basis of their phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, two novel species of the genus Bacillus are proposed, Bacillus beijingensis sp. nov. (type strain ge10T =DSM 19037T =CGMCC 1.6762T) and Bacillus ginsengi sp. nov. (type strain ge14T =DSM 19038T =CGMCC 1.6763T).
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