1887

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY logo

Volume 59, Issue 5

sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., slightly halophilic and alkaliphilic marine lactic acid bacteria isolated from marine organisms and salted foods collected in Japan and Thailand Free

Abstract

We describe 10 new strains of marine lactic acid bacteria isolated from decaying marine algae, decaying seagrass, raw fish, salted fish and salted and fermented shrimp paste (‘ka-pi’) collected from a temperate area of Japan and Thailand. The isolates are Gram-positive and non-sporulating. They have motility with peritrichous flagella depending on the strains. They lack catalase and quinones. Under anaerobic conditions, lactate yields were 64–93 % of the glucose consumed; residual products were formate, acetate and ethanol with a molar ratio of approximately 2 : 1 : 1. The pH of the fermentation medium markedly affected the product composition; at higher pH, the yield of lactate decreased (15–48 % at pH 9.0) and yields of other products increased, retaining the molar ratio. Under aerobic conditions, acetate and lactate were produced from carbohydrates and related compounds. The isolates were slightly halophilic, highly halotolerant and alkaliphilic. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth ranged between 0.5 and 4.0 % (w/v), depending on the strain, with a growth range of between 0 and 17–21 % (11 % for one isolate). The optimum pH for growth ranged between 8.0 and 9.5, with a growth range of 6.0–11.0, depending on the strains. Comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA genes revealed that the isolates occupied three phylogenetic positions within the genus , showing 97.1–99.8 % similarity to . DNA–DNA hybridization values (<46 %) among the 10 isolates and phylogenetically related taxa resulted in the identification of four genomic species (designated groups GS1–GS4). The G+C contents of the DNA were 41.7 mol% (group GS1), 42.2 mol% (group GS2), 41.0–43.0 mol% (group GS3) and 38.4–39.4 mol% (group GS4). The cell-wall peptidoglycan was type A4, Orn–-Asp, for three genomic species (groups GS1, GS2 and GS3), and type A4, Orn–-Glu, for the remaining species (group GS4). The major components of cellular fatty acids were C, C 9 and C 9 (oleic acid). On the bases of phenotypic characteristics, genetic distinctiveness and phylogenetic affiliations, the four genomic species, groups GS1, GS2, GS3 and GS4, were classified as four novel species within the genus , for which the names sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., respectively, are proposed. The respective type strains are T117-1-2 (=DSM 19181=NBRC 103241=NRIC 0718), T143-1-1 (=DSM 19183=NBRC 103242=NRIC 0719), T129-2-1 (=DSM 19182=NBRC 103243=NRIC 0720) and T22-1-2 (=DSM 19180=NBRC 103247=NRIC 0724).

  • Published Online:
© SGM
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65602-0
2009-05-01
2024-04-25
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/59/5/1215.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65602-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Axelsson, L. T.(1993). Lactic acid bacteria: classification and physiology. In Lactic Acid Bacteria, pp. 1–63. Edited by S. Salminen & A. von Wright. New York: Marcel Dekker.
  2. Carlsson, J. & Griffith, C. J.(1974). Fermentation products and bacterial yields in glucose-limited and nitrogen-limited cultures of streptococci. Arch Oral Biol 19, 1105–1109.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  3. Fukui, K., Kato, K., Komada, T., Ohta, H., Shimamoto, T. & Shimono, T.(1988). Kinetic study of a change in intracellular ATP level associated with aerobic catabolism of ethanol by Streptococcus mutans. J Bacteriol 170, 4589–4593. [Google Scholar]
  4. Gunsalus, I. C. & Niven, C. F., Jr(1942). The effect of pH on the lactic acid fermentation. J Biol Chem 145, 131–136. [Google Scholar]
  5. Ishikawa, M., Nakajima, K., Yanagi, M., Yamamoto, Y. & Yamasato, K.(2003).Marinilactibacillus psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic and alkaliphilic marine lactic acid bacterium isolated from marine organisms in temperate and subtropical areas of Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 711–720.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ishikawa, M., Nakajima, K., Itamiya, Y., Furukawa, S., Yamamoto, Y. & Yamasato, K.(2005).Halolactibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Halolactibacillus miurensis sp. nov., halophilic and alkaliphilic marine lactic acid bacteria constituting a phylogenetic lineage in Bacillus rRNA group 1. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55, 2427–2439.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  7. Jones, B. E., Grant, W. D., Collins, N. C. & Mwatha, W. E.(1994). Alkaliphiles: diversity and identification. In Bacterial Diversity and Systematics, pp. 195–230. Edited by F. G. Priest, A. Ramos-Cormenzana & B. J. Tindall. New York: Plenum Press.
  8. Kushner, D. J.(1978). Life in high salt and solute concentrations: halophilic bacteria. In Microbial Life in Extreme Environments, pp. 318–346. Edited by D. J. Kushner. London: Academic Press.
  9. Kushner, D. J. & Kamekura, M.(1988). Physiology of halophilic eubacteria. In Halophilic Bacteria, vol. I, pp. 109–140. Edited by F. Rodríguez-Valera. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
  10. Liu, J.-R., Tanner, R. S., Schumamm, P., Weiss, N., McKenzie, C. A., Janssen, P. H., Seviour, E. M., Lawson, P. A., Allen, T. D. & Seviour, R. J.(2002). Emended description of the genus Trichococcus, description of Trichococcus collinsii sp. nov., and reclassification of Lactosphaera pasteurii as Trichococcus pasteurii comb. nov. and Ruminococcus palustris as Trichococcus palustris comb. nov. in the low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 1113–1126.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nakajima, K., Hirota, K., Nodasaka, Y. & Yumoto, I.(2005).Alkalibacterium iburiense sp. nov., an obligate alkaliphile that reduces an indigo dye. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55, 1525–1530.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Niimura, Y., Koh, E., Uchimura, T., Ohara, N. & Kozaki, M.(1989). Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in a facultative anaerobe Ep01 lacking cytochrome, quinone and catalase. FEMS Microbiol Lett 61, 79–84.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  13. Niimura, Y., Koh, E., Yanagida, F., Suzuki, K., Komagata, K. & Kozaki, M.(1990).Amphibacillus xylanus gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic sporeforming xylan-digesting bacterium which lacks cytochrome, quinone, and catalase. Int J Syst Bacteriol 40, 297–301.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ntougias, S. & Russell, N.(2001).Alkalibacterium olivoapovliticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new obligately alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from edible-olive wash-waters. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51, 1161–1170.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rhee, S. K. & Park, M. Y.(1980). Effect of environmental pH on fermentation balance of Lactobacillus bulgaricus. J Bacteriol 144, 217–221. [Google Scholar]
  16. Sakamoto, M. & Komagata, K.(1996). Aerobic growth of and activities of NADH oxidase and NADH peroxidase in lactic acid bacteria. J Ferment Bioeng 82, 210–216.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  17. Toffin, L., Zink, K., Kato, C., Pignet, P., Bidault, A., Bienvenu, N., Birrien, J.-L. & Prieur, D.(2005).Marinilactibacillus piezotolerans sp. nov., a novel marine lactic acid bacterium isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediment of the Nankai Trough. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55, 345–351.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  18. Yamada, T. & Carlsson, J.(1975). Regulation of lactate dehydrogenase and change of fermentation products in streptococci. J Bacteriol 124, 55–61. [Google Scholar]
  19. Yumoto, I., Hirota, K., Nodasaka, Y., Yokota, Y., Hoshino, T. & Nakajima, K.(2004).Alkalibacterium psychrotolerans sp. nov., a psychrotolerant obligate alkaliphile that reduces indigo dye. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 2379–2383.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  20. Yumoto, I., Hirota, K., Nodasaka, Y., Tokiwa, Y. & Nakajima, K.(2008).Alkalibacterium indicireducens sp. nov., an obligate alkaliphile that reduces indigo dye. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58, 901–905.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65602-0
Loading
Alkalibacterium thalassium sp. nov., Alkalibacterium pelagium sp. nov., Alkalibacterium putridalgicola sp. nov. and Alkalibacterium kapii sp. nov., slightly halophilic and alkaliphilic marine lactic acid bacteria isolated from marine organisms and salted foods collected in Japan and Thailand
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59, 1215 (2009); https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65602-0
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65602-0
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65602-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

and references cited therein [ Single PDF file] (183 KB)

PDF

Photomicrograph of a cell and peritrichous flagella of NCIMB 13710 grown anaerobically at 30 °C for 1 day on 2.5 % NaCl GYPF agar (pH 9.0). Bar, 2 µm. [ Single PDF file] (198 KB)

PDF

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error