%0 Journal Article %A Tailliez, Patrick %A Pagès, Sylvie %A Ginibre, Nadège %A Boemare, Noël %T New insight into diversity in the genus Xenorhabdus, including the description of ten novel species %D 2006 %J International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, %V 56 %N 12 %P 2805-2818 %@ 1466-5034 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64287-0 %I Microbiology Society, %X We investigated the diversity of a collection of 76 Xenorhabdus strains, isolated from at least 27 species of Steinernema nematodes and collected in 32 countries, using three complementary approaches: 16S rRNA gene sequencing, molecular typing and phenotypic characterization. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the Xenorhabdus strains were highly conserved (similarity coefficient >95 %), suggesting that the common ancestor of the genus probably emerged between 250 and 500 million years ago. Based on comparisons of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, we identified 13 groups and seven unique sequences. This classification was confirmed by analysis of molecular typing profiles of the strains, leading to the classification of new isolates into the Xenorhabdus species described previously and the description of ten novel Xenorhabdus species: Xenorhabdus cabanillasii sp. nov. (type strain USTX62T=CIP 109066T=DSM 17905T), Xenorhabdus doucetiae sp. nov. (type strain FRM16T=CIP 109074T=DSM 17909T), Xenorhabdus griffiniae sp. nov. (type strain ID10T=CIP 109073T=DSM 17911T), Xenorhabdus hominickii sp. nov. (type strain KE01T=CIP 109072T=DSM 17903T), Xenorhabdus koppenhoeferi sp. nov. (type strain USNJ01T=CIP 109199T=DSM 18168T), Xenorhabdus kozodoii sp. nov. (type strain SaVT=CIP 109068T=DSM 17907T), Xenorhabdus mauleonii sp. nov. (type strain VC01T=CIP 109075T=DSM 17908T), Xenorhabdus miraniensis sp. nov. (type strain Q1T=CIP 109069T=DSM 17902T), Xenorhabdus romanii sp. nov. (type strain PR06-AT=CIP 109070T=DSM 17910T) and Xenorhabdus stockiae sp. nov. (type strain TH01T=CIP 109067T=DSM 17904T). The Xenorhabdus strains studied here had very similar phenotypic patterns, but phenotypic features nonetheless differentiated the following species: X. bovienii, X. cabanillasii, X. hominickii, X. kozodoii, X. nematophila, X. poinarii and X. szentirmaii. Based on phenotypic analysis, we identified two major groups of strains. Phenotypic group GA comprised strains able to grow at temperatures of 35–42 °C, whereas phenotypic group GB comprised strains that grew at temperatures below 35 °C, suggesting that some Xenorhabdus species may be adapted to tropical or temperate regions and/or influenced by the growth and development temperature of their nematode host. %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64287-0