1887

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY logo

Volume 56, Issue 9

sp. nov., a facultative anaerobe that grows at −5 °C, isolated from penguin guano in Chilean Patagonia Free

Abstract

A novel, extremely psychrotolerant, facultative anaerobe, strain PmagG1, was isolated from guano of Magellanic penguins () collected in Chilean Patagonia. Gram-variable, motile cocci with a diameter of 1.3–2.0 μm were observed singularly or in pairs, short chains and irregular conglomerates. Growth occurred within the pH range 6.0–10.0, with optimum growth at pH 8.5. The temperature range for growth of the novel isolate was from −5 to 35 °C, with optimum growth at 28–30 °C. Strain PmagG1 did not require NaCl, as growth was observed in the presence of 0–6.5 % NaCl with optimum growth at 0.5 % (w/v). Strain PmagG1 was a catalase-negative chemo-organoheterotroph that used sugars and some organic acids as substrates. The metabolic end products were lactate, formate, acetate, ethanol and CO. Strain PmagG1 was sensitive to ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, kanamycin and gentamicin. The G+C content of its genomic DNA was 45.8 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed 100 % similarity of strain PmagG1 with ATCC BAA-296, but DNA–DNA hybridization between them demonstrated relatedness values of <45±1 %. Another phylogenetically closely related species, , showed 99.85 % similarity by 16S rRNA sequencing and DNA–DNA hybridization showed relatedness values of 47±1.5 %. Based on genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, the novel species sp. nov. is proposed, with strain PmagG1 (=ATCC BAA-756=JCM 12176=CIP 108035) as the type strain.

  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): FAME, fatty acid methyl ester
SGM
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64225-0
2006-09-01
2024-04-18
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/56/9/2055.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64225-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ausubel F. M., Brent R., Kingston R. E., Moore D. D., Sideman J. G., Smith J. A., Struhl K. (editors) 1987; Current Protocols in Molecular Biology . pp. 2.10–2.11 New York: Wiley;
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Coenye T., Gevers D., Van de Peer Y., Vandamme P., Swings J. 2005; Towards a prokaryotic genomic taxonomy. FEMS Microbiol Rev 29:147–167
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Cohan F. M. 2001; Bacterial species and speciation. Syst Biol 50:513–524 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  4. De Ley J., Cattoir H., Reynaerts A. 1970; The quantitative measurement of DNA hybridization from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12:133–142 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Franzmann P. D., Höpfl P., Weiss N., Tindall B. J. 1991; Psychrotrophic, lactic acid-producing bacteria from anoxic waters in Ace Lake, Antarctica; Carnobacterium funditum sp.nov. and Carnobacterium alterfunditum sp. nov. Arch Microbiol 156:255–262 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Gerhardt P., Murray R. G. E., Wood W. A., Krieg N. R. (editors) 1994 Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Gillis M., De Ley J., De Cleene M. 1970; The determination of molecular weight of bacterial genome DNA from renaturation rates. Eur J Biochem 12:143–153 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Hoover R. B., Pikuta E. V., Marsic D., Ng J. 2002; Anaerobic psychrophiles from Alaska, Antarctica, and Patagonia: implications to possible life on Mars and Europa. In Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology IV. Proceedings of SPIE Conference vol. 4495 pp  313–324 Edited by Hoover R. B., Levin G. V., Paepe R. R., Rozanov A. Y. San Diego: SPIE;
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Hoover R. B., Pikuta E. V., Bej A. K., Marsic D., Whitman W. B., Tang J., Krader P. 2003; Spirochaeta americana sp. nov., a new haloalkaliphilic, obligately anaerobic spirochaete isolated from soda Mono Lake in California. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53:815–821 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Janssen P. H., Evers S., Rainey F. A., Weiss N., Ludwig W., Harfoot C. G., Schink B. 1995; Lactosphaera gen. nov., a new genus of lactic acid bacteria, and transfer of Ruminococcus pasteurii Schink 1984 to Lactosphaera pasteurii comb. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45:565–571 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Johnson J. L. 1985; DNA reassociation and RNA hybridization of bacterial nucleic acids. Methods Microbiol 18:33–74
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Jukes T. H., Cantor C. R. 1969; Evolution of protein molecules. In Mammalian Protein Metabolism pp  21–132 Edited by Munro H. M. New York: Academic Press;
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Keswani J., Whitman W. B. 2001; Relationship of 16S rRNA sequence similarity to DNA hybridization in prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:667–678
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Keswani J., Orkand S., Premachandran U., Mandelco L., Franklin M. J., Whitman W. B. 1996; Phylogeny and taxonomy of mesophilic Methanococcus spp. and comparison of rRNA, DNA hybridization, and phenotypic methods. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46:727–735 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Kumar S., Tamura K., Nei M. 2004; mega3: integrated software for molecular evolutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Brief Bioinform 5:150–163 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Liu J.-R., Tanner R. S., Shumann P. 7 other authors 2002; Emended description of the genus Trichococcus , description of Trichococcus collinsii sp. nov., and reclassification of Lactosphaera pasteurii as Trichococcus pasteurii comb. nov. and of Ruminococcus palustris as Trichococcus palustris comb. nov. in the low-G+C Gram-positive bacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1113–1126 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Mesbah M., Premachandran U., Whitman W. B. 1989; Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:159–167 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Pikuta E. V., Hoover R. B. 2003; Psychrophiles and astrobiology: microbial life of frozen worlds. In Instruments Methods and Missions for Astrobiology VI. Proceedings of SPIE Conference vol. 4939 pp  103–116 Edited by Hoover R. B., Rozanov A. Y., Lipps J. H. San Diego: SPIE;
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Pikuta E. V., Hoover R. B. 2004; Growth of the facultative anaerobes from Antarctica, Alaska, and Patagonia at low temperatures. In Instruments, Methods, and Missions for Astrobiology VIII. Proceedings of SPIE Conference vol. 5555 pp  180–190 Edited by Hoover R. B., Levin G. V., Rozanov A. Y. Denver: SPIE;
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Pikuta E. V., Hoover R. B., Marsic D., Bej A. K., Tang J., Cleland D., Krader P. 2003a; Psychrotolerant anaerobic bacteria from Patagonia and the permafrost tunnel of Fox, Alaska. In Abstracts of the 103rd General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, 18–22 May 2003p– 351 Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Pikuta E. V., Hoover R. B., Bej A. K., Marsic D., Detkova E. N., Whitman W. B., Krader P. 2003b; Tindallia californiensis sp. nov., a new anaerobic, haloalkaliphilic, spore-forming acetogen isolated from Mono Lake in California. Extremophiles 7:327–334 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Pikuta E. V., Marsic D., Bej A. K., Tang J., Krader P., Hoover R. B. 2005; Carnobacterium pleistocenium sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant, facultative anaerobe isolated from permafrost of the Fox Tunnel in Alaska. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:473–478 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Sambrook J., Fritch E. F., Maniatis T. 1989 Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual , 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory;
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Scheff G., Salcher O., Lingens F. 1984; Trichococcus flocculiformis gen. nov. sp. nov. A new gram-positive filamentous bacterium isolated from bulking sludge. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 19:114–119 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Schink B. 1984; Fermentation of tartrate enantiomers by anaerobic bacteria, and description of two new species of strict anaerobes, Ruminococcus pasteurii and Ilyobacter tartaricus . Arch Microbiol 139:409–414 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Stackebrandt E., Frederiksen W., Garrity G. M. 10 other authors 2002; Report of the ad hoc committee for the re-evaluation of the species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52:1043–1047 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Thompson J. D., Higgins D. G., Gibson T. J. 1994; clustal w: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res 22:4673–4680 [CrossRef]
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Weber K. L., Bolander M. E., Sarkar G. 1998; Rapid acquisition of unknown DNA sequence adjacent to a known segment by multiplex restriction site PCR. Biotechniques 25:415–419
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Whitman W. B., Ankwanda E., Wolfe R. S. 1982; Nutrition and carbon metabolism of Methanococcus voltae . J Bacteriol 149:852–863
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Wolin E. A., Wolin M. J., Wolfe R. S. 1963; Formation of methane by bacterial extracts. J Biol Chem 238:2882–2886
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Zhilina T. N., Kotsyurbenko O. R., Osipov G. A., Kostrikina N. A., Zavarzin G. A. 1995; Ruminococcus palustris sp. nov. – a psychroactive anaerobic organism from a swamp.. Microbiology (English translation of Mikrobiologiia ) 64674–680
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64225-0
Loading
Trichococcus patagoniensis sp. nov., a facultative anaerobe that grows at −5 °C, isolated from penguin guano in Chilean Patagonia
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56, 2055 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.64225-0
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64225-0
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.64225-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error