Classification of Centers for Disease Control Group Eugonic Fermenter (EF)-4a and EF-4b as Neisseria animaloris sp. nov. and Neisseria zoodegmatis sp. nov., respectively
A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on isolates classified as Centers for Disease Control Group Eugonic Fermenter (EF)-4a and EF-4b. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that group EF-4a and EF-4b belong to the genus Neisseria with Neisseria canis and Neisseria dentiae as the nearest phylogenetic neighbours. DNA–DNA hybridizations and biochemical analyses demonstrated that isolates of group EF-4a and EF-4b represent two novel species within this sublineage of the genus Neisseria. Based on the results of the present study, isolates of group EF-4a and EF-4b are classified as Neisseria animaloris sp. nov. (type strain LMG 23011T=NCTC 12228T) and Neisseria zoodegmatis sp. nov. (type strain LMG 23012T=NCTC 12230T), respectively.
CoenyeT.,
FalsenE.,
VancanneytM.,
HosteB.,
GovanJ. R. W.,
KerstersK.,
VandammeP.1999; Classification of Alcaligenes faecalis -like isolates from the environment and human clinical samples as Ralstonia gilardii sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 49:405–413[CrossRef]
DeesS. B.,
PowellJ.,
MossC. W.,
HollisD. G.,
WeaverR. E.1981; Cellular fatty acid composition of organisms frequently associated with human infections from dog bites: Pasteurella multocida and groups of EF-4, IIj, M-5, and DF-2. J Clin Microbiol 14:612–616
EzakiT.,
HashimotoY.,
YabuuchiE.1989; Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determine genetic relatedness among bacterial strains. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:224–229[CrossRef]
GanièreJ. P.,
EscandeF.,
André-FontaineG.,
LarratM.,
FilloneauC.1995; Characterisation of group EF-4 bacteria from the oral cavity of dogs. Vet Microbiol 44:1–9[CrossRef]
HolmesB.,
AhmedM. S.1981; Group EF-4: a Pasteurella -like organism. In Haemophilus , Pasteurella and Actinobacillus pp 161–174 Edited by
KilianM.,
FrederiksenW.,
BibersteinE. L.
London: Academic Press;
HolmesB.,
DawsonC. A.,
PinningC. A.1986; A revised probability matrix for the identification of Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, fermentative bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 132:3113–3135
HolmesB.,
CostasM.,
WoodC. A.1990; Numerical analysis of electrophoretic patterns of group EF-4 bacteria, predominantly from dog-bite wounds of humans. J Appl Bacteriol 68:81–91[CrossRef]
PitcherD. G.,
SaundersN. A.,
OwenR. J.1989; Rapid extraction of bacterial genomic DNA with guanidium thiocyanate. Lett Appl Microbiol 8:151–156[CrossRef]
RossauR.,
VandenbusscheG.,
ThielemansS.,
SegersP.,
GroschH.,
GötheE.,
MannheimW.,
De LeyJ.1989; Ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistron similarities and deoxyribonucleic acid homologies of Neisseria , Kingella , Eikenella , Simonsiella , Alysiella , and Centers for Disease Control Groups EF-4 and M-5 in the emended family Neisseriaceae
. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:185–198[CrossRef]
TatumH. W.,
EwingW. H.,
WeaverR. E.1974; Miscellaneous Gram-negative bacteria. In Manual of Clinical Microbiology pp 270–294 Edited by
LenetteE. H.,
SpauldingE. H.,
TruantJ. P.
Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology;
ThompsonJ. D.,
GibsonT. J.,
PlewniakF.,
JeanmouginF.,
HigginsD. G.1997; The clustal_x windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 25:4876–4882[CrossRef]
VandammeP.,
VancanneytM.,
PotB.10 other authors1992; Polyphasic taxonomic study of the emended genus Arcobacter with Arcobacter butzleri comb. nov. and Arcobacter skirrowii sp. nov., an aerotolerant bacterium isolated from veterinary specimens. Int J Syst Bacteriol 42:344–356[CrossRef]
VelaA. I.,
CollinsM. D.,
LawsonP. A.,
GarcíaN.,
DomínguezL.,
Fernández-GarayzábalJ. F.2005; Uruburuella suis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from clinical specimens of pigs. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55:643–647[CrossRef]
Classification of Centers for Disease Control Group Eugonic Fermenter (EF)-4a and EF-4b as Neisseria animaloris sp. nov. and Neisseria zoodegmatis sp. nov., respectively